DEM 406 HUMAN

RELATION IN
EDUCATIONAL
MANAGEMENT
Working with others with diverse backgrounds

DENNIS R. CAMPOS
PhD 3B Student
WHAT INSIGHTS CAN WE
DRAW
FROM THIS IMAGE?
 Working with others with diverse backgrounds

 Operant conditioning is a behavioral theory that assumes with positive

reinforcement and negative behavior being punished then we are able to
experience the best learning. It is also referred to as Instrumental
learning. Ivan Pavlov and B.F Skinner were some of those instrumental
in propagating on this theory.
 When one is praised through positively being acknowledged or
rewarded because of good performance. They tend to be more
productive when they feel appreciated through affirmation
which then tends to make them motivated. In a working
environment, this can be practiced by giving awards to the best
performers.
Learned helplessness

What according to Martin Seligman a sense of

helplessness is usually?

According to Martin Seligman, a sense of

helplessness is usually defined as a state where
individuals feel they lack control over the negative
events in their lives, leading them to give up trying
to change their circumstances.
What is positive psychology according to
Martin Seligman?
 “Positive psychology is the scientific study of human strengths and
virtues.” According to Martin Seligman—who is seen as the founding
father of positive psychology—the positive psychology movement can be
described as: “The study of what constitutes the pleasant life, the
engaged life, and the meaningful life.”

 Locus of control
What is Julian Rotter's theory of locus of control?

If we place the locus of control externally, we are likely

to blame the outcome on fate, luck, or happenstance. If
we place the locus of control internally, we are likely to
believe our own actions determine the outcome. Rotter
(1966) stated that where we place that locus will either
reinforce or punish our actions.
 Personal causation

 What is the personal causation theory of of Philip Zimbardo?

Personal causation is a theoretical concept that posits that a

person is aware of his or her actions, the causes of his or her
behaviors, and the effects thereof. Thus, the causes of behaviors
are combinations of that person's experiences, feelings, and
values which prompt action.

 Phillip Zimbardo's theory is that social structures pressure ordinary people to

become good or evil.
 Training for greater control

 Motivation Measure for Elementary School Children

Richard de Charms, Principal Investigator
Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri

Objectives. To develop a measure of motivation of elementary school

children to predict academic achievement independent of intelligence.
September 1, 1960 - August 31, 1970
It is commonly believed in educational circles and in
psychology that human potential is primarily a function of
intellectual capacity. However, a measure of intelligence
typically accounts for only about one-third of the variance of
academic achievement measures (data available indicate
correlations between I.Q. and eight academic measures that
range from +.50 to +.72 for 77 Black sixth grade children).
Most educators and psychologists would agree that another
prominent determinant of school behavior is pupil
motivation.
 The basic premise of the theory is that man's primary motivation is to be effective in causing changes in
his environment. Man strives to be a causal agent, to be the origin of his own behavior; he,strives for
personal causation.
 From the management of behavior to self-control

 What is the concept of self-control?

 Defined more independently, self-control is the ability to regulate

one's emotions, thoughts, and behavior in the face of temptations
and impulses. Thought to be like a muscle, acts of self-control
expend a limited resource.
 Self management
 What does the marshmallow test teach us about self-control?
 The famous Stanford 'marshmallow test' suggested that kids with better self-control were
more successful. But it's being challenged because of a major flaw. The Stanford
marshmallow tests have long been considered compelling evidence for the need to teach
kids how to delay gratification and exercise restraint.
Thank you for listening