* TM 2033

Platform Technology

Introduction to Cloud
Computing

Nazatul Aini Abd Majid

nazatulaini@ukm.edu.
my
*There was a need for HPC in small
scale and at a lower cost which lead to
a number of different approaches to
high performance computing, but 3
architectural categories are:
*1) Clusters
*2)Grid
*3)Cloud
 *Outline

* Content
* What is the definition of cloud computing?
* What are the deployment models?
* What are the service models?
* What are the essential characteristics of cloud
computing
* What are technologies that can create shared pool of
resources?
* What is virtualization?
 *Introduction
* the Office 365 Personal is priced at RM 189.99
annually which gives users the access for one PC or
Mac and one tablet. Additionally, users also are able
to subscribe it on monthly-basis for RM 18.99 per
month while the Office 365 Home costs RM 24.99 per
month.

http://www.lowyat.net/2014/04/office-365-personal-malaysia-
rm-190-per-year/
 * Definition of Cloud Computing
* Identify keywords from this advertisement:
 * Definition of Cloud Computing

* The keywords from this advertisement are subscription,

service, virtually anywhere and any device.
* This also shows a trend from product-based to service-based.
* Microsoft which is one of the driving force companies for cloud
computing might have thought this question:

*How do we provide services to

customers or end users?
 * Definition of Cloud Computing
* Cloud computing is about providing computing services via
virtualized computing resources.
* Office 365 is an example of software based service. Cloud
computing not only involves software, but also hardware,
network and platform to develop and deploy software.
This lead to a definition by Christian Baun, Marcel Kunze, Jens
Nimis, Stefan Tai in their book Cloud Computing: Web-Based
Dynamic IT Services:
 * Definition of Cloud Computing
* Cloud computing should also emphasize the usage of services
on any device or in other word ubiquitous. Therefore, the
most popular definition for cloud computing is given by NIST
which is:

Cloud computing is a model for enabling ubiquitous,

convenient, on demand network access to a shared pool of
configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers,
storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly
provisioned and released with minimal management effort or
service provider interaction. This cloud model is composed of
five essential characteristics, three service models, and four
deployment models.
 * Definition of Cloud Computing
* Based on the definition, there are 3 main components:

Deployment

Service

Essential Characteristics
 *Outline

* Content
* What is the definition of cloud computing?
* What are the deployment models?
* What are the service models?
* What are the essential characteristics of cloud
computing
* What are technologies that can create shared pool of
resources?
* What is virtualization?
 * Deployment model

*Defines the purpose and the

location of the cloud.
 * Deployment model - Public
• Public cloud: the infrastructure is available for public use
alternatively for large industry group and is owned by the
organization selling cloud services
 * Deployment model – Public- examples

• Service providers use the internet to make resources, such

as applications (also known as Software-as-a-service) and
storage, available to the general public, or on a ‘public
cloud.
• Examples of public clouds include Amazon Elastic Compute
Cloud (EC2), IBM’s Blue Cloud, Sun Cloud, Google AppEngine
and Windows Azure Services Platform.
 * Deployment model - Private
• Private cloud: the infrastructure is operated for the
exclusive use of an organization. The cloud may be
managed by that organization or a third party. Private
cloud may be either on- or off-premises.
* Deployment model – Private- examples

• Private clouds are data center architectures owned by a

single company that provides flexibility, scalability,
provisioning, automation and monitoring. The goal of a
private cloud is not sell “as-a-service” offerings to external
customers but instead to gain the benefits of cloud
architecture without giving up the control of maintaining
your own data center.
• Private clouds can be expensive with typically modest
economies of scale. This is usually not an option for the
average Small-to-Medium sized business and is most
typically put to use by large enterprises. Private clouds are
driven by concerns around security and compliance, and
keeping assets within the firewall.
* Deployment model – Private- examples

• Question 1: Which type of businesses should adopt private

cloud if they want to use cloud computing?
• a. Start-up businesses
• b. Business with critical information
• c. Govt. organizations
• d. Large businesses
* Deployment model – Private- examples

• While moving your data to cloud, you need to verify the

nature of the data. If the information is very critical from
security point of view, you probably may not want to move
that to cloud without due diligence.

• Issue: Cloud security  see Google Trends

 * Deployment model - Hybrid
* Hybrid cloud: combines multiple clouds (private, community of
public) where those clouds retain their unique identities, but
are bound together as a unit
 * Deployment model – Hybrid- example

* By using a Hybrid approach, companies can maintain control of

an internally managed private cloud while relying on the public
cloud as needed.
* For instance during peak periods individual applications, or
portions of applications can be migrated to the Public Cloud.
* This will also be beneficial during predictable outages:
hurricane warnings, scheduled maintenance windows
 * Deployment model - Community
* Community cloud: The cloud has been organized to serve a
common function or purpose.
* Deployment model - Example

http://cloud.cio.gov/
 * Definition of Cloud Computing
* Based on the definition, there are 3 main components:

Deployment

Service

Essential Characteristics
 *Outline

* Content
* What is the definition of cloud computing?
* What are the deployment models?
* What are the service models?
* What are the essential characteristics of cloud
computing
* What are technologies that can create shared pool of
resources?
* What is virtualization?
<something> as a Service

*Cloud Types: Service

Models
*Cloud Types: Service
Models
Provides virtual: machines, storage, infrastructure and other
hardware assets as resources that clients can provision

Examples of IaaS providers:

• Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)
• Eucalyptus
• GoGrid
• RackSpace Cloud

*Cloud Types: Service

Models: IaaS
*Cloud Types: Service
Models: IaaS
*Cloud Types: Service
Models: IaaS
Provides virtual machines, operating systems, applications,
services, development frameworks, transactions and control
structures

Examples of PaaS providers:

• Google AppEngine
• Windows Azure Platform
• Force.com

*Cloud Types: Service

Models: PaaS
*Cloud Types: Service
Models: PaaS
Provides virtual machines, operating systems, applications,
services, development frameworks, transactions and control
structures

Examples of PaaS providers:

• Google AppEngine
• Windows Azure Platform
• Force.com

*Cloud Types: Service

Models: PaaS
A complete operating environment with applications,
management and user interface.

Examples of SaaS:
• Quickbooks : online accounting package
• Google Apps

*Cloud Types: Service

Models: SaaS
 * Definition of Cloud Computing
* Based on the definition, there are 3 main components:

Deployment

Service

Essential Characteristics
 * Exercise

* Question What type of cloud computing model would

you be using if you need to move your network
infrastructure and server to cloud?(Choose 1)
* A. SaaS
* B. XaaS
* C. IaaS
* D. PaaS
 *Outline

* Content
* What is the definition of cloud computing?
* What are the deployment models?
* What are the service models?
* What are the essential characteristics of cloud
computing
* What are technologies that can create shared pool of
resources?
* What is virtualization?
* Essential characteristics
 * Definition of Cloud Computing
* Based on the definition, there are 3 main components:

Deployment

Service

Essential Characteristics
 *Outline

* Content
* What is the definition of cloud computing?
* What are the deployment models?
* What are the service models?
* What are the essential characteristics of cloud
computing
* What are technologies that can create shared pool of
resources?
* What is virtualization?
 * Technologies that can create
shared pool of resources
1) Load balancing for creating high performance cloud-based
solution.
* One characteristic of cloud computing is virtualized network access
to a service. No matter where you access the service, you are
directed to the available resources.
* The technology used to distribute service requests to resources is
referred to as load balancing. Load balancing can be implemented
in hardware and software.

http://youtu.be/c7W40_bn3Ss

2) Virtualization (hypervisor) for creating virtual hardware

system
 *Outline

* Content
* What is the definition of cloud computing?
* What are the deployment models?
* What are the service models?
* What are the essential characteristics of cloud
computing
* What are technologies that can create shared pool of
resources?
* What is virtualization?
Watch this video: http://youtu.be/7a0kCODjR7s
 * Definition of Virtualization
• We need to abstract all the physical resources in order to
create virtual system so that we can see one big computing
resource.
• Therefore, for abstraction, we need a layer call
virtualization layer where we can create a virtual machine.
• In cloud computing, all the services can be provided via this
virtualised platform/ resources.
* Definition of Virtualization
 * Definition of Virtualization
* A virtual machine (VM) can be created from a portion of
those resources.
* This VM has its own address space in memory, its own
processor resource allocation and its own device I/O using its
own virtual device driver.
 * Definition of Virtualization

In order to enable virtualization, a hypervisor is needed.

 * Hypervisor
* Hypervisor is a low level program that can provide system
resource access to VM.
* This program is also called Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM).
* The operating system loaded into a virtual machine is
referred as guest OS.
 * Hypervisor
* The host for this VM can be either the physical hardware or
the operating system installed on the physical hardware.
* If there is no OS installed in the physical hardware, the VM
can be directly access to the physical hardware via
hypervisor. This is type 1 hypervisor and have full
virtualization.
* But if there is OS installed on hardware, the VM have to
work with this host OS. This is based on para virtualization
and called type two hypervisor.
* Hypervisor
 * Discussion
What are the essential things that must be followed before going to cloud
computing platform?

*Compliance issues
*Data storage types
*Maintaining data integrity in the cloud
*Ensuring availability and access
*Protection from loss of data
*Business continuity
*Uptime – reduction of downtime
* THANK YOU

Dr Nazatul Aini Abd Majid

nazatulaini@ukm.edu.my