推土机安全操作规程

Bulldozer Safe Operation Instructions

事业部 Business unit: 土方事业部 : Zoomlion Earthmoving Machinery Branch

责任人 Responsible person: 王军 Wang Jun

课程时长 Course duration: 2h
课程分级 Course grade: 一星级 One-star
 课程目标 Course Objectives

本操作培训向您详细介绍履带式推土机的安全信息说明、安全操作等方面的内容，
旨在帮助用户安全操作推土机并且在操作过程中使机器的效率充分得到发挥。
This manual contains the instructions and data on the safety and operation of the
bulldozer. When you follow the instructions in this manual, your machine can operate at
MAXIMUM EFFICIENCY.

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目
推土机安全准则
录
01
Safety Criterion

02 推土机基本操作技术
Basic Operation Technologies
推土机安全操作规程与作业技术
03 Safe Operation Instructions and
Operation Technologies
04 推土机运输与存放
Transportation and Storage
推土机安全准则
Safety Criterion
 1.1 安全标牌 Safety Signs
以下警告标志和安全标牌适用于本机器，为保证标牌的内容可以正常阅读，要确保标牌在正确的位置并始终保持其清洁。
清洁标牌时，不要使用有机溶剂及汽油，以免造成其脱落。如果标牌破损、丢失或不可正常阅读，请更换新的标牌。
The following warning signs and safety signs are applied to this machine. It is necessary to remind that these signs should be kept in the
correct place and always be kept clean to ensure that the sign content can be clearly read. When cleaning the signs, do not use organic
solvents or gasoline, otherwise it would peel off the sign. If some of the signs are damaged, lost or cannot be read normally, replace them
with new ones timely.

1.1.1 安全标牌位置说明 Locations of Safety Signs

1. 注意伤手标牌
Danger – Hand Injury
2. 禁止标牌
Prohibition Sign
3. 注意烫伤标牌
Danger – Burn Hazard
4. 履带调整安全标
Track adjustment
5. 接近注意标牌
No nearing
6. 挤手标识
Danger – Hand Squeeze

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1.1.1 安全位置说明 Locations of Safety Signs
7. 水箱安全标牌 Safety sign of water tank
8. 散热器使用标牌 Precautions for using
radiator
9. 铲刀操纵杆锁定
Locking of blade control lever
10. 检修保养安全标牌
Safety sign for check and maintenance
11. 工作油箱安全标牌
Safety sign of working oil tank
12. 冬季放水标牌
Sign of water drainage in winter
13. 松土器操纵杆锁定
Locking of ripper control lever
14. 启动、停机安全标牌
Safety sign of starting and parking
15. 阅读使用说明书标牌
Sign of reading the operation manual
16. 变速杆锁定标牌 Sign of locking gear lever
17. 喇叭开关标牌 Sign of horn button
18. 锁定标牌 Locking sign
19. 维修手册工具标牌
Sign of maintenance manual and tools
20. 启动车标牌 Sign of starting the machine

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1.1.2 安全标牌说明 Instructions on Safety Signs

水箱安全标牌
Safety sign of water tank 散热器使用标牌
Precautions for using radiator
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1.1.2 安全标牌说明 Instructions on Safety Signs

工作油箱安全标牌 铲刀操纵杆锁定 检修保养安全标牌

Safety sign of working oil tank Locking of blade control lever Safety sign for check and maintenance
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1.1.2 安全标牌说明 Instructions on Safety Signs

冬季放水标牌 松土器操纵杆锁定 喇叭开关标牌

Sign of water drainage in winter Locking of ripper control lever Sign of horn button

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 1.1.2 安全标牌说明 Instructions on Safety Signs

维修手册工具标牌
Sign of maintenance manual and tools

启动车标牌 启动停机安全标牌
Sign of starting the machine Safety sign of starting and parking
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 1.1.2 安全标牌说明 Instructions on Safety Signs

变速杆锁定标牌
Locking sign of gear lever
制动踏板锁定标牌 阅读使用说明书标牌 履带调整安全标牌
Locking sign of brake pedal Sign of reading the operation manual Sign of track adjustment
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1.1.2 安全标牌说明 Instructions on Safety Signs

注意伤手标牌 禁止标牌 注意烫伤标牌

Danger – Hand Injury Prohibition Sign Danger – Burn Hazard
1. 只有在机器的所有零部件安全停止运转时 , 才能 1. 触摸发热部件，如正在运行的发动机、电动机或消
接触机器。 1. 禁止用手触摸。 音器时，会有烫伤的危险，高温时不要触摸。
The machine can be touched only when all components It is prohibited to touch with hands. There is a danger of burning when touching the hot
and parts of the machine stop operating safely. 2. 避离开机器一段安全距离。 parts, such as the engine, motor or muffler in operating
2. 避离开机器一段安全距离 . Keep a safe distance from the machine. state. Don't touch it in high temperature.
Keep a safe distance from the machine. 2. 避离开机器一段安全距离。
Keep a safe distance from the machine.

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1.1.2 安全标牌说明 Instructions on Safety Signs

挤手标识
接近注意标牌 Danger – Hand Squeeze
No nearing 不要把手臂或身体其他部位放在活动部件之间，当机器工作时，间隙会发生变
1. 注意机器向前辗压或向后辗压。 化，易导致机器严重损坏及人身伤害。
Pay attention that the machine will roll forward or backward. Don't put the arm or other parts of body between the moving parts. When the
2. 避离开机器一段安全距离。 machine is working, the clearance will change to cause serious damages to the
Keep a safe distance from the machine. machine and personal injury.

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1.2 安全须知 Safety Instructions
1.2.1 一般安全事项 Basic Safety Requirements
a) 驾驶员必须经过培训，了解机械的性能、构造、保养规程，熟悉操作方法及安全操作规程， 并经考核后，方准单独驾驶；

Only a driver, who has been trained, understands the performance, structure and maintenance procedures of the machine, knows the
operation method and safe operation specification well and has passed examinations, can operate the machine independently.
b) 非推土机驾驶员不得驾驶推土机，如是学员驾驶，须由正式驾驶员在机指导；
Only a bulldozer driver can drive the bulldozer, and if a student drives the bulldozer, there should be a formal driver to guide at the
machine.
c) 必须正确穿戴安全防护用具；
Correctly wear safety protective equipment.
d) 禁止在过度疲劳或酒后进行驾驶操作；
It is prohibited to drive at the over-fatigue condition or after drinking.
e) 必须遵守施工现场的各项规定，以防事故发生；
Comply with all safety rules, precautions and instructions at the construction site to prevent accidents.
f) 燃油、油脂、防冻液、电池组等是危险品，在使用时不能接触火种；
Fuel, grease, antifreeze liquid, batteries and so on are all dangerous articles, so they should be kept away from fire source when being
used;
g) 在室内运转时，首先要看清顶棚、进出口通道与车辆的间隙，并要有足够的地面强度，进行长时间运转时，必须要有通风
设备，以防发动机废气中毒。
When operating indoors, the clearance between the ceiling, the entrance and exit passage and the vehicle must be clear. Besides,
there should be enough ground strength. When the machine is running for a long time, ventilation equipment must be provided to
prevent engine exhaust gas poisoning.
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1.2.2 作业前的安全 Safety Precautions before Operation
a) 要调查作业现场的地形、地质和危险地段，确定好作业方法，对危险地段应做好安全施工标记，或采取有关安
全措施后方可作业；对悬崖等危险地段要注意塌方，在有岩石落下等危险场所驾驶时，除应戴安全帽外，还应选
用安全棚、橡胶板等；
Before operation,you should survey the landform, geology and dangerous zone at the working site, determine the working
method and mark safe construction sign at dangerous zone or adopt related safety measures; beware of collapse at such
dangerous zones as cliff, and use safe protective shed and rubber sheet besides wearing helmet when driving at such
dangerous zones as a place where rock will fall down.
b) 有指挥员时，应统一口令，彼此配合，认清作业场地标记后，再进行驾驶；
Commanders, if any, should unify orders and cooperate together, and drive after recognizing the signs at the working site.
c) 要了解灭火器、消防设备和急救箱等的保管场所及使用方法，以便在事故发生时能迅速使用；
You should know the safekeeping places and usage of fire extinguisher, firefighting equipment and first-aid box, so as to
use them quickly in case an accident happens.
d) 仔细检查车辆的柴油、润滑油和液压系统的密封部分是否有漏油或破损现象，各零部件是否正常，如若发现不
正常情况，应整修后方可使用；
Check carefully whether there is any oil leak or damage at the sealing parts of diesel, lubrication oil and hydraulic system of
the machine and whether all components and parts are in good condition; if any abnormal condition is found, repair the
machine before using it.
e) 检查柴油、润滑油等存量，在补充柴油时不准吸烟，火种不得靠近，并检查加油口盖子是否紧固；
Check carefully whether there is any oil leak or damage at the sealing parts of diesel, lubrication oil and hydraulic system of
the vehicle and whether all components and parts are in good condition; if any abnormal condition is found, repair the
machine before using it.

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1.2.2 作业前的安全 Safety Precautions before Operation

f) 必须清除发动机周围的枯叶、废纸等易燃物，以免引起火灾；
Clean such inflammables as dead leaves, waste paper and so on around the engine to prevent fire.
g) 把驾驶座调到最佳位置，以便于驾驶；
Adjust the driver's seat to the optimum position for driving.
h) 推土机起动前应检查各操纵杆是否保持中立（空档位置）；
Before starting the bulldozer, check whether all control levers are in neutral position (neutral gear).
i) 发动机起动后，进入作业前要检查；各仪表指示是否正常；各操纵杆、踏板的行程和各杆动作是否正常（此检
查须把变速器操纵杆置于空档位置）；
After starting the engine, the followings should be checked before beginning to work: whether various instruments are
normal; whether strokes of control levers and pedals and motion of each lever are normal (when conducting this check,
the gear shift lever should be set in neutral gear);
j) 在安全场所进行试车，检查各档变速操纵是否灵活，试车时应从低速行驶开始，同时检查各档的转向及转向制
动性能是否正常；
Trial run should be conducted in safe place and begin from low speed driving to check whether speed change control of
each gear is flexible and whether steering and steering brake at each gear are normal.
k) 仔细观察发动机排气颜色是否正常，有否异常振动和异常噪音。
Check carefully whether the color of the engine exhaust is normal and whether there is abnormal vibration or abnormal
noise.

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1.2.3 作业中的安全 Safety Precautions during Operation
a) 驾驶员进行操作时，应坐在驾驶座中进行，不能远离驾驶座或站立驾驶；
The driver should sit at the driver's seat to operate the machine and should not leave the seat or stand when driving.
b) 在行驶时，将铲刀提高到 400 ～ 500 毫米，使前方视线清晰；
When driving, lift the blade for 400 - 500 mm to make the front sight be clear.
c) 在任何情况下，必须正确操作，不得超速，不得急剧起动，尽量避免急刹车、急转弯、蛇行驾驶，不得在较长时间内进行怠速
运转；
Always carry out correct operations, do not over-speed or start jerkily, do not slam on brakes, turn suddenly or snake and do not run at idle
speed for a long time.
d) 注意周围行人和障碍物，应保持车距；
Pay attention to pedestrians and barriers around and keep safe distance.
e) 根据仪表、声音、振动、排气颜色和各操作手柄上的反应，判断车辆是否发生异常情况，若发现异常，应及时维修；
Judge whether the vehicle is abnormal according to instrument displays, sound, vibration, exhaust color and response of each control lever,
and if there is any abnormity, maintain it timely.
f) 在牵引故障车辆时，故障车上要有驾驶员操纵制动或停车的机构，并用可靠的钢丝绳给予正确的牵引；
When towing a defective machine, there should be a driver on the machine to control the brake or parking mechanisms and firm steel wire
rope should be used for correct towing.
g) 在施工场所，除场内人员外，闲人不得进入；
Irrelevant persons should not enter into the construction site except the site personnel.
h) 新车严禁在工作中大油门工作，待磨合期过后方可大油门工作；
Only after the breaking-in period can new machines be run at high engine speed.
i) 在工作中严禁用铲刀角去挑石头作业；
It is prohibited to use the blade to poke the stones.
j) 严禁大负荷满铲推土时左右拉转向作业。
It is prohibited to slew when bulldozing with the blade being fully loaded.
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1.2.4 作业后的安全 Safety Precautions after Operation

a) 工作结束停放车辆时，应将变速杆置于空档，把铲刀及松土器降至地面，将所有的安全杆置于锁紧位置，在离开
驾驶室时，必须关闭发动机；
When parking the vehicle after finishing the work, set the gear lever in neutral gear, lower the blade and ripper to ground
and put all safety levers to the locked position; shut down the engine when leaving the cab.
b) 车辆应停放在指定的安全场所；
Park the vehicle at the specified safe place.
c) 在万不得已情况下，须在斜坡上停车，应在履带处垫石块；
When you have no other choice but to park the vehicle on a slope, cushion stones at the track.
d) 在斜坡上行驶时应注意：
When driving on a slope, pay attention to the followings:

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1.2.4 作业后的安全 Safety Precautions after Operation
注意 Caution:
1. 应低速、直线行驶。不得横向行驶或在斜坡上转弯。 Drive at low speed in a straight line. Do not drive
transversely or turn when traveling on a slope.
2. 不得在斜坡上换挡。 Do not shift gears when traveling on slope.
3. 不得在斜坡上穿越障碍物。 Do not pass through barriers when traveling on a slope.
4. 不要在伐木、树叶和树枝堆上通过，以免发生意外。 Do not pass through logs, leaves and branches, so as to
prevent accidents.
5. 如在斜坡上发动机突然出现熄火，应立即用力制动，并使铲刀着地，锁住制动闸。在变速箱杆置于空档位置时
再行启动。
If the engine is suddenly in flameout state when traveling on a slope, brake hard and lower the blade to the ground to
lock the parking brake. Start the machine again when the gear lever is put in neutral gear.
6. 绝不允许利用自重或惯性下坡。 It is prohibited to use deadweight or inertia to go downhill.
7. 下坡时，如由于车速过快而发动机无法控制时，应操纵制动器或使铲刀铲土减速。
When going downhill, if the engine is out of control due to fast speed, control the brake or bulldoze the earth with the
blade to reduce speed.
8. 当推土机以自重下滑时，其转向制动操纵杆的作用是与正常行驶时相反的，在操作时特别要记住这一特点。
When the bulldozer is sliding under deadweight, please keep in mind that the function of steering brake lever is
different from its function during normal driving.
9. 禁止在坡道上利用制动器进行紧急刹车，如很有必要时，应以铲刀触地来停车。
It is prohibited to use the brake in an emergency when traveling on a slope. When you have to do so, park the machine
by putting the blade on the ground.

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 推土机基本操作技术
02 Basic Operation Technologies
2.1 操作装置的布局 Layout of the Operating Devices

1. 油门操纵杆 2. 变速操纵杆 3. 转向操纵杆 4. 变速操纵闭锁杆 5. 制动闭锁杆

1. Throttle control lever 2. Shift control lever 3. Steering control lever 4. Gear shift locking lever 5. Brake locking lever
6. 铲刀操纵闭锁杆 7. 铲刀操纵杆 8. 松土器操纵闭锁杆 9. 松土器操纵杆
6. Blade control locking handle 7. Blade control lever 8. Ripper control locking handle 9. Ripper control lever
10. 发动机熄火拉线杆 11. 制动踏板 12. 减速踏板
10. Engine shutdown guyed pole 11. Brake pedal 12. Deceleration pedal

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2.2 操作装置功用 Functions of Operating Devices

1- 油门操纵杆 Throttle control lever 2- 变速操纵杆 Shift control lever 3- 转向操纵杆 Steering control lever
--- 推土机的行驶速度分为前进三档、后退三档。
操纵杆 (1) 用来控制发动机的转速和输出功率。 The driving speed of the bulldozer consists of three forward gears and three reverse gears.
通过轻便地调换变速杆 (2) 的位置，就能很容易地按自己要求的速度进行换档（ F 为前
进档、 R 为后退档、 N 为空档）
This control lever (1) is used to control the You can easily shift gears (F for forward gear, R for reverse gear, N for neutral) according to
your own requirements for speed by shifting the gear lever (2).
rotational speed and output power of the engine.
--- 将一则操纵杆 (3) 拉到行程的中间位置，车辆即缓慢地向该侧转大弯，继续把杆拉到底，
● L —— 怠速位置 Idle speed 车辆可原地转弯
● H —— 高速位置 High speed ---Pull control lever (3) at one side to the middle position of the stroke, and the vehicle will
slowly make a big turn to this side; continue to pull the control lever to the end, and the vehicle
will turn on the spot.
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2.2 操作装置功用 Functions of Operating Devices
4- 变速操纵闭锁杆 Gear shift locking lever
闭锁杆 (4) 用于停车时锁住变速操纵杆
This device is used to lock the shift control lever when parking.
注意：当车辆暂停一段时间，一定要把变速操纵杆推到
空档 ( 自由 ) ，并把闭锁杆 (4) 置于锁紧位置。如图示。
When the vehicle is to be parked for some time, be sure to
push the shift control lever to the neutral, and place the
locking lever (4) to the locking position. See Figure.
5 - 制动闭锁杆 Brake locking lever
该装置用于停车时锁住制动踏板。踩下制动踏板，将闭锁杆 (5) 置于“锁紧”位置，
制动被锁住。踩下制动踏板，将闭锁杆置于“自由”位置，制动被放开。
The device is used to lock the brake pedal when parking. Depress the brake pedal and
place the locking lever (5) to the "LOCK” position, and the brake will be locked. Depress
the brake pedal and place the locking lever to the "UNLOCK“ position, and the brake will be
released.
注意：停车后，一定要锁住制动踏板。
Caution: Lock the brake pedal after parking.
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2.2 操作装置功用 Functions of Operating Devices
6- 铲刀操纵闭锁杆
Blade control locking handle
杆 (6) 是铲刀操纵杆的闭锁装置， 把杆按
下去，工作装置操纵杆锁紧；拉出来，工
作装置操纵杆处于自由状态。
The handle (6) is a locking device of the blade
control lever. Press the handle button and the
working device control lever will be locked;
pull it out and the working device control
lever will be free.
注意：操纵杆处于位置 D 时，不能自动
弹回到固定位置 B ，必须用手拉回。
When the control lever is in the position
(D), be sure to pull it back manually, for it
cannot automatically return to the fixed
position (B).
操纵杆在位置 E 、位置 F ，仅使铲刀处
于左、右倾斜位置。铲刀在上升和下降
位置上，都可以进行铲刀倾斜操作。但
当铲刀处于最高和最低位置时，则不能
进行倾斜操作。倾斜操作时，若倾斜油
缸处于行程末端，应及时将活塞杆推回。
When the control lever is in the position
E and position F, the blade can only be
tilted to the left or right. The blade can
7- 铲刀操纵杆 Blade control lever still be tilted when it has been lifted or
操纵位置说明见下： lowered. But it cannot be tilted when in
● 位置 A ：铲刀上升；
Position A: lift the blade up. Operation locations are as follows: the highest and lowest position. During
● 位置 B ：闭锁（保持），使铲刀保持在某位置上；
the tilting operation, you should timely
Position B: Lockout (HOLD), to keep the blade stay in a position.
● 位置 C ：铲刀下降； retract the piston rod if the tilting
Position C: lower the blade. cylinder has been fully extended.
● 位置 D ：浮动，使铲刀适应路面不平（在外力影响下）作自由升降。即使手离开操纵杆，铲刀仍可保持浮动状态。
Position D: Float, to make the blade adapt to rough road surface and go up and down freely (under external influence). Even
with lever being not operated, the blade can be in floating state.
● 位置 E ：铲刀右倾斜；
Position A: tilt the blade to the right.
● 位置 F ：铲刀左倾斜。
Position B: tilt the blade to the right.
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2.2 操作装置功用 Functions of Operating Devices
8- 松土器闭锁杆 Ripper locking handle
把杆 (8) 按下去，松土器操纵杆被锁
紧；拉出时操纵杆处于自由状态。
Press the lever (8) down, and the
ripper control lever is locked; when
pulled out, the lever is in a free state.
注意：当停车或检修时，务必降下松土
器， 并将闭锁杆置于锁紧位置。
Caution: Lower the ripper and place the
locking handle to the lock position when
parking or overhauling.
9- 松土器操纵杆 Ripper control lever 10- 发动机熄火拉线 Engine shutdown guy wire
操纵杆 (9) 常处于固定位置 A ，将操纵杆拨到位置
B ，松土器提升；拨到位置 C ，松土器下降；当后 当把启动开关的钥匙旋回
端工作装置为液压绞盘时，将操纵杆拨到位置 B ，
液压绞盘收钢绳；拨到位置 C ，液压绞盘放钢绳。 “关”位置时，拉动发动机熄
When the control lever (9) is always in the fixed 火拉线杆 (10) ，发动机即停止。
position A, push the control lever to position B to
raise the ripper. Push to position C to lower the
ripper. When the rear end work equipment is a After turning the ignition starter
hydraulic winch, push the control lever to position B
to spool up the rope on the hydraulic winch. Push the
switch to OFF, pull the engine
control lever to position C to reel off the rope on the shutdown guyed pole (10) to
hydraulic winch.
stop the engine immediately.
Page 25
2.2 操作装置功用 Functions of Operating Devices

12- 减速踏板
11- 制动踏板 Brake pedal
Deceleration pedal
为便于驾驶员操纵，推土机在转向时，除用转向杆外， 还可同时用
制动踏板 (11) 。
减速踏板 (12) 用于降低发动机转速。
In order to facilitate driver’s operation, when the bulldozer is turning, the The deceleration pedal (12) is used to reduce the engine
brake pedal (11) can also be used besides the steering lever. 从中间将两 speed.
踏板同时踩下，左右两侧一起制动。 当车开到斜坡顶部或开到悬崖边倾卸泥土时，由于负荷
Depress the two pedals at the same time to brake on both sides. 把一侧 减轻，会使车速加快发生危险，此时，应踏上减速踏板
转向手柄拉到中间位置，同时踩下同侧制动踏板，车辆即向该侧就地 控制车速。
转弯。
Pull the lever on one side to the middle position, depress the brake pedal
When a vehicle is traveling to the top of a slope or the edge
on the same side, and the machine will make pivot turn. of a cliff to dump soil, the speed will increase due to load
注意：不需刹车时，切勿将脚放在制动踏板上。 reduction, causing dangers. At this time, you should step on
Caution: When brake is not needed, do not put your foot on the brake pedal. the deceleration pedal to control the speed.

Page 26
2.3 仪表箱布局 Layout of the Instrument Box

① 仪表面板 Instrument panel

⑤ 灯开关 Light switch ② 空调或暖风控制面板

Air conditioner or warm air control panel

③ 启动开关 Ignition starter switch

④ 喇叭按钮 Horn button

Page 27

2.3.1 仪表面板（国Ⅲ组合仪表）
Instrument Panel (National Stage III Combination Instrument)
(v)
④ ①
③ ②
① 电源电压指针表：指示当前系统电源电压值。
Power voltage indicator: it is used to indicate the working
voltage value of the current working system. 显示范围是 16
～ 32v 。
Display range: 16 v - 32 v 红色段是 19v 及以下报警区域。
The red section is the alarming section (19v and below).
② 冷却水温指针表：指示当前系统冷却水的工作温
度。
Coolant temperature gauge: it is used to indicate the working
temperature of coolant in current working system. 显示范围
是 40 ～ 120℃ 。
Display range: 40℃ - 120℃ 红色段是 100℃ 及以上报警区
域。
The red section is the alarming section (above 100℃).
③ 机油压力指针表：指示当前系统机油压力值。
Engine oil pressure gauge: It is used to indicate the engine oil
pressure value of the current system. 显示范围是 0 ～
1Mpa 。
Display range: 0 Mpa - 1 Mpa. 红色段是 0.1Mpa 以下报警区
域。
The red section is the alarming section (below 0.1 MPa).
④ 变矩器油温指针表：指示当前系统变矩器油温的工
作温度。
Torque converter oil temperature gauge: It is used to indicate
the working temperature of the temperature of oil in the
torque converter in the current system. 显示范围是 40 ～
150℃ 。
Display range: 40℃ - 150℃ 红色段是 100℃ 及以上报警区
域。
The red section is the alarming section (above 100℃).
⑤ 液晶显示屏 LCD
Page 28
2.3.1.1 显示屏简介 Introduction to LCD
2.3.1.1.1 启动界面 Starting Interface

仪表上电后，进入开机自检界面，自检完后进入一般工作界面，如下图：
After the machine is powered on, the self-inspection interface will appear. After inspection,
the general work interface will appear. Refer to the Figure below:

自检状态中 工作界面
During self-inspection Work interface

Page 29
2.3.1.1.2 工作界面简介 Introduction to Work Interface
① 按键提示区域（从左至右：帮助信息、运行参
数、菜单、报警 / 消音）
Button instruction area (From left to right: help info,
⑦ ⑧ running parameters, menu, alarm/silencer)
② 冷却水温 Cooling water temperature
⑥ ③ 机油压力 Engine oil pressure
④ 充电指示 Charging indication
(v) ⑤ 手柄动作开关指示 Handle movement switch
indication
⑥ 变矩器油温 Torque converter oil temperature
④ ⑨ ⑦ 备用区域（如果装有油位传感器此处显示燃油
量）
③ Standby area (If the machine is installed with fuel
level sensor, this area will display fuel reserve.)
② ⑧ 工作小时计 Working hours
⑨ 时钟显示 / 图标、文字报警区域 （报警时此区
域上半部分显示图标，下半部分显示相应提示文
字）。
Clock display/icon, failure description area (When the
alarm sounds, the upper part of this region will
① display icon, and the lower part will display
corresponding failure description.)

Page 30
 2.3.1.2 系统功能说明 Description of System Function
2.3.1.2.1 按键提示区域： Button Prompt Area
--- 帮助信息按键：按下对应位置 F1 键进入查看帮助信息；帮助信息包含两方面内容：厂家联系方式及仪表操作信息。
---Help info button: Press F1 button in corresponding location to view the help information. The help information includes: Manufacturer contact information
and instrument operation information. 进入帮助信息界面然后按 F1 、 F2 对应图标 、 查看操作提示 , 在不退出至主界面之前不再出现帮助
信息。
Enter the help info interface, and then press the corresponding icons of F1 and F2 to view the operation prompt. The help information will not appear until you exit the
main interface.

400-8000-157

Page 31
 --- 运行参数按键：按下对应位置 F2 键查看系统参数运行状态。包含控制采集的各模拟量的实时数据、开关量的
状态、及工作小时计。
---Running parameters button: Press the F2 button at the corresponding position to check the operation status of the
system parameters. It includes the real-time data, the status of switch value and working hour meter of each analog quantity
collected by controller.

Page 32
 --- 菜单按键：按下对应位置的 F3 键，进入系统菜单。见下左图
---Menu button: Press corresponding button F3 to enter the system menu. Refer to the left Figure.

--- 消音按键：有报警出现、蜂鸣器鸣叫时，按下对应位置的 F4 键进行消音，否则，此按键在工作界面不执行其他任何功能。

---Silencer button: When an alarm appears or the buzzer sounds, press the F4 button at the corresponding location to silence the sound. Otherwise, this button
will not perform any other functions in the work interface. 上右图为通讯失败报警界面，若通讯正常无报警时则为一般工作界面。
The Figure on the upper right shows the communication failure alarm interface. If the communication is normal and there is no alarm, it is the general working interface.

--- 时间 / 报警内容提示：当系统没有报警状态时，该区域显示当前时间，当系统有报警信号时，显示报警文字提示内容。 如上右图所示。

---Time/Alarm content prompt: When the system has no alarm, this area will show the current time. When the system has an alarm signal, it will show the
prompt content of the failure description. Refer to the upper right Figure.

2.3.1.2.2 其他功能说明 For other functions, please refer to the operating instructions for the
instrument.

Page 33
 2.3.2 喇叭按钮 Horn Button
当按下按钮①时，喇叭将发出响声。如左上图所示。
When pressing button ①, the horn will make a sound. Refer to the upper left
Figure.

2.3.3 灯开关 Light Switch

请按开关上的指示操作。如左上图所示：
Please follow the operation instructions on the switch. ① 喇叭按钮
As shown in the upper left Figure: Horn button
● 序号②为前大灯开关； ② is the front lamp switch.
● 序号③为后大灯开关； ③ is the rear lamp switch.
● 序号④为备用开关。 ④ is the standby lamp switch.

2.3.4 启动开关 Starter Switch

a)OFF: 起动钥匙插入或拔出的位置，该位置电路全部断开。
② 前大灯 ③ 后大灯 ④ 备用开关
The position where the starter key is inserted or pulled out and on which all the circuit will be
disconnected. Front lamp Rear lamp Standby lamp
b)ON: 钥匙旋转在该位置，电路接通。
Turn the key to this position, and the circuit will be connected.
c)START: 钥匙旋转在该位置，起动马达将起动发动机，起动后应立即释放钥匙，钥匙将自动弹回开
的位置。
Turn the key to this position, and the starting motor will start the engine. After starting the engine,
immediately release the key, and it will return to the ON position automatically.
d) HEAT: 钥匙旋转在该位置，预热指示灯亮， 加热器开始工作。当加热时间达到 30 秒时，预热指
示灯灭，此时即可松开钥匙开关。如左下图所示。
Preheating function is ON and the heater begins to work. After the machine has been heated for 30
seconds, the preheating indicator will OFF. At this time, release the ignition starter switch. Refer to the left
lower Figure.

Page 34
2.3.5 空调或暖风控制面板： Air Conditioner or Warm Air Control Panel:
2.3.5.1 空调控制面板 Air Conditioner Control Panel

空调为选装件，如用户加装空调系统，则仪表箱体相应加装空调控
制面板。
① ② ③ Air conditioner is optional. If the user installs the air conditioning
system, the instrument box should be equipped with air conditioning
control panel accordingly.
--- 控制面板旋钮功能
Rotary switches on the control panel
① 风量开关：用来控制蒸发风机的转速，以便选择合适的风量；
A/C FAN SPEED / MASTER SWITCH – Used to control the fan blower
modes: OFF, HI, MID, LOW.
② 指示灯：灯亮表示压缩机启动制冷系统正处于工作状态。
Indicator: When the indicator is ON, the refrigerating system for the
compressor is in operation.
③ 温控开关：用来调节制冷时出风温度并间接控制车厢内制冷要
求达到的温度。
Temperature control switch: It is used to adjust the air temperature
during refrigeration and indirectly control the temperature required to
be reached in the cab.

Page 35
--- 空调操作方法使用说明 Operating Instructions for Air Conditioner
a) 制冷系统首次使用，发动机启动后应将风量开关旋至高档，运行 5 分钟，然后将温控开关旋至 COOL 位
置。此时车厢内温度开始下降，当降至所需温度时，将温控开关逆时针方向缓慢旋转，直至压缩机停
止工作。此时车厢内的温度为所设定的温度。当车厢内的温度高于此温度时，指示灯亮， 压缩机自动
启动，制冷系统开始工作。当车厢内的温度低于此温度时，指示灯熄灭，这时压缩机停止，制冷系统
不再工作。调整风口角度时，可改变冷风吹出的方向和角度；调节风量开关，可获得高，中，低三个
档的出风量。使用空调时，请勿将温控开关旋至 COOL 位置而将风量开关旋至低档， 以免蒸发器结霜，
影响制冷效果；
The first time you use the COOL function, do the items that follow: Turn the rotary switch of A/C FAN SPEED to
the high stage and run for five minutes. Then turn the switch to the COOL stage. At this time, the temperature
inside the cab starts to drop. When the temperature drops to the desired temperature, slowly turn the
temperature control switch counterclockwise until the compressor is stopped. Then, the temperature inside
the cab is the set temperature When the temperature inside the cab is higher than the set temperature, the
indicator will go on, the compressor will be activated automatically and then the refrigerating system will start
to work. When the temperature inside the cab is lower than this temperature, the indicator is off, the
compressor will stop working and then the refrigerating system will stop working. By adjusting the angle of the
vent, you can change the blowing direction and angle of cold air; by adjusting the air volume switch, you can
obtain high, medium and low air volume.
Be sure not to turn the temperature control switch to the COOL position but the air volume switch to the LOW
position during the use of the air conditioner, so as to prevent the evaporator from frosting and affecting the
cooling effect.

Page 36
b) 供暖：冬季需采暖加热时，首先必须关闭温控开关。然后，打开热水阀门，开启风量开关并使暖风不
断吹出。当升温至所需要的温度时，关闭风量开关。当车厢内温度低于所要求的温度时， 重新启动风量开
关。调整风口角度，可改变热风吹出的的角度和方向；调节风量开关，可获得高， 中，低三个档的出风量
Heating: When heating is needed in winter, the temperature control switch must be turned off first. Then open the
hot water valve and turn on the air volume switch for continuous warm air blowing. When the temperature rises
to the desired temperature, turn off the air volume switch. When the temperature inside the cab is lower than the
desired temperature, restart the air volume switch. By adjusting the outlet angle, you can change the blowing
angle and direction of the warm air; by adjusting the air volume switch, you can obtain high, medium and low air
volume.

Page 37
注意：
Caution:

1. 使用空调制冷时，要经常更换司机室空气。制冷时，在司机室内吸烟，有害于司机的眼睛；
Frequently change the air in the cab during the use of the air conditioner for refrigeration. When the air
conditioner is used for refrigerating, smoking in the cab is harmful to the eyes of the driver.
2. 使用空调制冷时，务必彻底停止热水循环。如果热水在加热器中循环，就象在司机室内有一个热水瓶，
影响制冷效果，应关闭进出水阀门；
Be sure to completely stop the hot water circulation during the use of the air conditioner for refrigeration. If
hot water is circulating in the heater, it is just like that there is a thermos in the cab, which will affect the
cooling effect. So the water valve should be closed.
3. 当心司机室内过冷。当司机室温度比外界温度低５℃～６℃时，进入司机室即能感觉到冷。司机室内
温度太低时，有害于身体健康，要注意司机室的温度控制。
Pay attention to prevent the cab from being too cold. When the temperature in the cab is 5 ℃~6 ℃ lower than
the ambient temperature, you will feel cold when entering the cab. When the temperature in the cab is too
low, it is harmful to health, so pay attention to the temperature control of the cab.

Page 38
2.3.5.2 暖风控制面板 Warm Air Control Panel

暖风装置为选装件，如用户加装暖风系统，
① 控制面板旋钮功能 Functions of Rotary Switches on the Control
则仪表箱体相应加装暖风控制面板。
Panel
Heating equipment is optional. If heating 三档开关：系统开关、控制风机的转速，分为高、中、低三档及电
equipment is installed according to 源开关，以便选择合适的风量和开启关闭系统；
customer’s requirement, the instrument box Three-position switch: a system switch and also a switch used to control the
body should also be installed with warm air speed of the blower, which is divided into high, medium and low positions
control panel. and power switch, so as to select the suitable air volume and to turn on/off
the system.
②
指示灯：指示灯亮，制热系统处于工作状态。
Indicator: The light is on indicates the heating system is in the operating state.
--- 使用说明 Operating Instructions
打开热水阀门开关，将三档开关旋至Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ档，系统工作，指示灯
亮，吹出高、中、低三种不同风速的暖风
① If you turn on the hot water valve switch and turn the three-position switch to
I, II and III positions, the system will work, the indicator will be on and warm
air of high, medium and low wind speed will be blown out.

Page 39
2.3.5.2 暖风控制面板 Warm Air Control Panel
暖风装置为选装件，如用户加装暖风系统，
则仪表箱体相应加装暖风控制面板。
Heating equipment is optional. If heating
equipment is installed according to
customer’s requirement, the instrument box
body should also be installed with warm air
control panel.
①
注意 Caution:
1. 请勿随意拆卸系统；
Do not arbitrarily disassemble the system.
2. 环境温度低于 0℃ 时，使用暖风系统必须加入凝固温度在满足
当地最低温度的配制好的防冻液代替主机发动机的循环水；
When the ambient temperature is below 0℃, antifreeze whose
freezing point is higher than the minimum local temperature instead
of circulating water of engine must be used for heating system.
3. 定期检查和紧固管路各连接处，防止长期使用导致的松动泄漏；
Regularly check and tighten each connection of the pipe to prevent
any loosening and leakage caused by long-term use.
4. 不使用暖风时，请将热水阀门关闭。
Turn off the hot water valve when the heater is not in use.
Page 40
 --- 座位前后调整
Forward and backward seat adjustment
2.4 驾驶座椅的调整 将杆③向左拉，把座位调节到所要求的位置，再放松杆即可，座位的前后调整量为
150mm ，分 7 个档位。
Adjustment for the Driver’s Seat Pull the lever ③ to the left to adjust the seat to the required position and then release the
lever. Forward and backward adjustment amount of the seat is 150 mm with 7 stages in total.
--- 座位高度调整 Adjustment for the seat height
座椅高度分成三档调节，处于最低点时为一档，向上抬起坐垫在听到一声响声后已达
② ① 到二档，再向上又听到一声响声后，则达到三档，再向上抬至最高点时松下坐垫，则
座椅又返回到最低点，座椅高度调节范围为 60mm 。
Seat height can be adjusted by three levels: the lowest point is the first level, lift up the
cushion to hear a "click"sound to reach the second level, and continue to lift up the cushion
to hear the second "click” to reach the third level. Release the cushion after lifting it up to the
highest point and the seat will return to the lowest point--the first level position. Adjustable
range of the seat height is 60mm.
--- 靠背调整 Backrest adjustment
将杆⑤向上拉，使靠背达到理想位置后松开杆即可，靠背角度可调节 27.5° 。
Pull the lever ⑤ up to adjust the backrest to the desired position and then release the lever.
The backrest angle can be adjusted to 27.5°.
③ --- 座位承载体重的调整 Adjustment of the seat carrying weight
① 将手柄④上下旋转，使驾驶员体重与计量体重的刻度相等，可以得到最佳乘坐效果。
Rotate the handle ④ up and down to make the driver's weight equal to the scale of the
(v) weight measurement, so as to obtain the optimal riding comfort.
--- 扶手角度的调整 Adjustment for the armrest angle
将扶手①、②向上拉到适合自身操作的角度，并拧紧扶手下方的锁紧螺母，用以定位
④ 调整角
Pull the armrests ① and ② up to the angle suitable for your own operation, and tighten the
locking nut below the armrest for positioning the adjustment angle.
Page 41
2.5 直倾铲的调整 Adjustment of Straight-tilt Blade
--- 直倾铲倾斜量的调整 Adjustment of tilt amount of straight-tilt blade
用倾斜油缸可调整推土板最大倾斜量。
Tilting cylinder can be used to adjust the blade maximum tilt amount.
如需更大的倾斜量，可按下述方法调整：
If larger tilt amount is needed, adjust as follows:
右侧斜撑①用调整棒②旋转，根据斜撑长度的变化，倾斜量最大可调
为 864mm （湿地推土机最大可调为 730mm ）。
The right diagonal brace ① is rotated by adjusting rod ②. According to
the change of diagonal brace length, the maximum inclination can be
adjusted to 864 mm (the maximum adjustable value of swamp bulldozer is
730 mm).

--- 直倾铲切削角度的调整 Adjustment of cutting angle of straight-tilt

blade
可把切削角度调节至对各种土壤最适角度。
① The cutting angle can be adjusted to the optimum angle for various soils.
增加斜撑①长度则角度增加，反之斜撑长度缩短， 刀片的切削角度减
少。
Increase the length of the diagonal brace ① to increase the angle, and
vice versa. 推土板切削角的标准角度为 55° 。
The standard blade cutting angle is 55°.

Page 42
 推土机安全操作规程与作业技术
03 Safe Operation Instructions and Operation Technologies
3.1 安全操作规程 Safe Operation Instructions
3.1.1 起动前的检查 Checks before Starting
a) 按日常检查项目进行（检查油、水位，有无异常漏油点及关键部位的螺栓有无松动）；
Carry out routine inspections (Inspect oil, fuel and water levels, water leakage and loose bolts at key locations).
b) 制动踏板要处于制动锁紧状态； The brake pedal should be put in the brake locking state.
c) 变速杆要置于空挡“ N” 位置，且用安全杆锁紧； The gear lever should be put in the neutral “N” position and locked with safety
lever.
d) 铲刀下降使之触及地面，用安全杆将铲刀操纵杆锁紧； Lower the blade to contact the ground, and lock the blade control lever with
safety lever.
e) 油门操纵杆置于怠速位置。 Place the throttle control lever in the idle speed position.

3.1.2 发动机起动 Engine Start

a) 钥匙插入启动开关，转向“ ON” 的位置，蓄电池继电器（电源开关）接通后，再转向“ START” 位置，发动机
开始工作；
Insert the key into the starter switch and turn it to the "ON" position; after the battery relay (power switch) is
connected, then turn to the "START" position and the engine starts working.
b) 起动时要注意观察发动机油压表的指针位置是否正常；
Pay attention to observe whether the pointer of the engine oil pressure gauge is within normal range when starting.
c) 钥匙在“ START” 位置，不得超过 20 秒钟；
The ignition starter switch shall not stay at the "START"position for over 20 seconds.
d) 起动后不成功时，应立即将钥匙置于“ ON” 的位置，然后等待 2 分钟后再次起动；
If the engine fails to start, immediately place the key to the "ON” position and then restart after waiting for two
minutes.
e) 当燃油用完，起动发动机时，应先加足燃油，然后用燃油充满燃油滤清器的芯子，排出燃油系统中的空气，
再起动发动机；
When the fuel is used up, top up the fuel tank before starting the engine. Then fill the core of the fuel filter with fuel to
exhaust the air from the fuel system, and then start the engine.
f) 起动后须将钥匙回至“ ON” 位置（能自动返回）
Return the ignition starter switch to ON (it will return automatically).
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3.1.3 起动后的检查 Checks after Starting
发动机起动后，不要立即进行操作，应遵守以下事项：
Do not operate immediately after engine starts. Instead, obey the following instructions:
a) 使发动机低速空载运转，检查发动机油压显示是否在绿色的范围之内；
Make the engine run at low speed and without load, and inspect whether the engine oil pressure display is within the green range.
b) 向后拉油门控制杆，使发动机进行约 5 分钟的无负载中速运转；
Pull the throttle lever backward to allow the engine to run at medium speed without load for about 5 minutes.
c) 待水温显示到绿色的范围内，进行负载运转； After the water temperature is within the green range, carry out load operation.
d) 预热运转后，检查各仪表、指示灯是否正常； After preheating, inspect whether all instruments and indicator lights are normal.
e) 检查排气颜色是否正常，是否有异常声音和异常振动； Inspect whether the exhaust color is normal and whether there is abnormal
sound and vibration.
f) 检查是否有漏柴油、机油、水等现象。
注意 Caution: Inspect whether there is leakage of diesel oil, engine oil and water, etc.
空载 20 分钟以上，发动机应加上负载，否则会使发动机在低温下运转，燃烧不良，导致运动件磨损加剧，还可能产生涡轮增压积油，造成
涡轮底部漏油。
If the engine is running without load for more than 20 minutes, the engine should be loaded. Otherwise, the engine will run at low temperature,
and the combustion will be poor, which will lead to the wear of moving parts, and may also produce oil accumulation in turbocharger, resulting in
oil leakage at the bottom of the turbine.

3.1.4 发动机的停止 Engine Stop

a) 在停止发动机之前，须进行 5 分钟的怠速运转，使发动机慢慢冷却后方可停止发动机运转；
Before stopping the engine, idle the engine for 5 minutes to let the engine cool down slowly.
b) 停止时将启动开关上的钥匙拧到“关“位置，拉动熄火开关，发动机即停止。
Turn the key in the starter switch to the "OFF" position and remove the key.
注意 Caution:
当发动机还没有冷却时，若立即停止发动机运转，会影响发动机各部件的寿命，所以非在必要时，不要进行紧急停机。
If the engine is stopped at once when it is still hot, the service life of various components of the engine will be shortened. Therefore,
emergency stop shall be used only when necessary.

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3.1.5 推土机起步 Bulldozer Start
发动机正常运转后，方可实现推土机起步（前进行驶），操作步骤如下：
After the engine is started, the bulldozer can start to travel forward. Operation steps are as follows:
a) 油门操纵杆①向后拉，提高发动机转速；
Pull the fuel control lever ① back to increase the engine speed.
b) 操作铲刀操纵闭锁手柄⑧，解除对铲刀操纵杆⑦的锁紧作用，操纵铲刀操纵杆，将铲刀提
升到离地 400 ～ 500 毫米左右； ①② ⑦ ⑧
Operate the safety lever ⑧ to release the locking function acted on the blade control lever ⑦, and
operate the blade control lever to lift the blade away from the ground for 400 - 500 mm;
c) 踏住制动踏板④的中部位置，操纵制动锁紧杆⑥，解除对制动踏板的锁紧，使制动踏板复
原至常态位置；
Step on the middle position of the brake pedal ④ and operate the brake locking lever ⑥ to
release the locking of the brake pedal, thus making it return to the normal position.
d) 操纵变速闭锁手柄③，解除对变速杆②的锁紧作用，然后将变速杆置于一档速度位置，即
推土机起步向前行驶；
Operate the gear shift safety lever ③ to release the locking of the gear lever ②, then place the
gear lever to the first gear speed position,and the bulldozer will start to move forward.
e) 起步时，踏下减速踏板⑤，再将变速杆置于前进一档位置，然后再慢慢放松踏下的力，缓
缓复回减速踏板，使发动机转速逐渐增加，这样能防止急剧起步；
When starting the machine, step on the deceleration pedal, place the gear lever to the 1st gear
position for traveling forward, and then slowly reduce the force applied on the pedal to let the
deceleration pedal gently return so that the engine speed is gradually increased to prevent abrupt
start.
f) 起步后，可将变速杆置于所需要的速度位置。
After the machine starts to travel, the gear lever can be placed in the desired position.

注意 Caution: ③ ④ (v) ⑥
在陡峭的斜坡上起动车辆时，应提高发动机的转速，踩下制动踏板，把变速杆放在 1 档，当车辆渐渐地起动时（或履带渐
渐地滑移时），渐渐地放开制动踏板，使车辆行驶。
When starting the vehicle on a steep slope, increase the engine speed, step on the brake pedal, and put the shift lever in the first
gear. When the machine starts gradually (or the track gradually slips), gradually release the brake pedal to drive the vehicle.

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3.1.6 推土机前进、后退、变速
Forward Traveling, Backward Traveling and Speed Change of Bulldozer
在变换前进、后退行驶时，须踏下减速踏板，待发动机有所减速后，再操纵变速杆，改变推土机行驶方向。
When changing forward and backward driving, depress the deceleration pedal. After the engine decelerates, operate the gear lever to change the driving direction of
bulldozer.
把变速杆置于所要求的速度位置即可变速，推土机在行驶中也可进行变速，不必停车变速。
If the shift lever is placed at the required speed position, the speed can be changed. The bulldozer can also change speed during driving without stopping.

3.1.7 推土机转弯 Steering

a) 在行驶中，要向左（右）侧转向时，将该侧转向杆拉至一半行程，转向离合器就分离（此时手上是有感觉的），即能作缓缓转向（慢转弯），见下左图；
If you want to turn the machine to the left or right when driving, pull the corresponding steering rod to the middle position and the steering clutch will be disengaged
(you can feel this by your hand). At this time, slow steering(slow turn) can be realized. Refer to the left Figure.
b) 若将该侧转向杆拉到底，并踏下同一侧的制动踏板，即能作原地转向（急转弯），见下右图。
If the steering rod is pulled to the end position and the braking pedal (at the same side) is depressed, steering on the spot (sudden turn) can be realized, as shown in
the right Figure.

注意：
Caution:

车辆高速行驶时不得急速转弯
Do not make sharp turns when the machine is traveling at high speed.

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3.1.8 推土机的暂时停车
Temporary Parking of Bulldozer
推土机暂时停车时，不必使发动机停止运转，其步骤如下：
When parking the bulldozer temporarily, it is not necessary to stop the engine. The operation steps are as follows:
a) 向前推动油门操纵杆，使发动机转速降低；
Push the throttle control lever forward to make engine maintain low RPM.
b) 把变速操纵杆推入”空挡” (N) ，并用变速操纵闭锁手柄锁紧；
Place the shift control lever in neutral gear "N” position and operate its safety lever to lock the shift control lever.
c) 从中间同时踏下左右制动踏板，使制动器制动之后，用制动器锁紧手柄锁紧；
Step on the middle part of the left and right brake pedals and operate the brake locking lever to lock the brake pedal.
d) 把推土铲、松土器水平地放在地面上，并用闭锁手柄锁紧。
Put the blade and ripper onto the ground and lock their safety levers.

注意：
Caution:
停车时，应把车停在平坦、稳固的地面上，如需在斜坡上停放，应将车头朝下坡方向，并锁住
Park the machine on a flat and stable ground. If it is necessary to park on a slope, the front of the machine
should face downhill and lock the brake pedal.
制动踏板。 坡度大时，可把铲刀轻轻铲入土内，以防车辆下滑。
When the slope is steep, shovel the blade into the soil gently to prevent the machine from sliding down.

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3.2 安全作业技术 Safety Operation Technologies
推土机在施工时，要有步骤，不可急躁、轻率地进行操作，要掌握安全施工技术，应始终保持思想集中，这样才能安全运转，防止机械损坏及重大人身事故发生。
When operating the bulldozer, you should follow related steps. Impatient and hasty operations are not allowed. You should know the safety operating technologies and always
concentrate on your operation, so as to ensure safety operation to prevent machinery damage and significant personal injuries.
3.2.1 一般作业 General Operation
a) 在不平整的场地上作业时，尽量低速行驶，避免急剧变换速度，不可高速转向；
When you operate the machine on uneven ground, you should drive at a very low speed. Prohibit from changing speed suddenly and steering at high speed.
b) 驾驶时，不允许从大石块、倒下的树木或其它障碍物上开过，应利用作业装置排除后再通过，如无法排除障碍物而必须行驶时，应以低速通过，减小振动，保
护车辆；
When driving, it is not allowed to drive over large rock, falling trees or other obstacles, but the vehicle can pass through the place after the obstacles are removed by using the
operation device. In case the obstacles cannot be removed and you must pass through the place, drive at low speed to reduce vibration, so as to protect the machine.
c) 在水中作业，首先检查水的深浅、流水的速度以及水下土质，不得进入超过限度的水中进行作业，在水中、泥泞地作业前，应将各放泄塞紧固，作业完毕后，
要清除各部位泥土，对发动机的油底壳，液力变矩器壳、转向离合器箱，终传动箱、液压系统、行走装置等要进行油位情况及是否漏油、渗水等项目的检查，必要
时要在油箱中进行排除检查；
Before conducting operation in water, first of all check the water depth, flow rate and underwater soil's texture. If any limit values are exceeded, you cannot carry out
operation in the water. Each drain plug should be fastened before doing operation in water or muddy ground. After operation, soil on each part should be cleaned up and oil
levels in the engine oil pan, hydraulic torque converter casing, steering clutch case, final drive case, hydraulic system and traveling mechanism should be checked to find if
there is any oil or water leakage. When necessary, inspection in oil tank shall be conducted.
d) 通过狭窄场地时，要注意通道的宽度与高度，必要时须配备指挥员；
When passing through narrow places, the width and height of passageway should be noticed. When necessary, commanders must be assigned.
e) 夜间作业时要布置恰当的照明设备，如有设置困难，必须使用前车灯、作业灯，保证作业的安全；
For night operation, appropriate lighting equipment should be provided. If there are some difficulties for setting the equipment, the headlamps and working lights must be
used to ensure operation safety.
f) 在有雾、烟等视野不清的场地作业时，应特别注意，如有影响，应停止作业；
For operation at sites with indistinct vision(due to fog or smoke),pay special attention and stop the operation in case of any hindering.
g) 在电线附近作业时，要尽可能将电线移设它地，若不能移设，应在电线周围设置障碍物，并在电线上加绝缘防护装置，为防止触电，驾驶员要穿胶鞋或皮鞋；
For operation near electric wire, the electric wire should be moved away to the other site. If the electric wire cannot be moved, barriers should be set in the surrounding areas
of the wire and protective insulation device should be added on the wire. Moreover, driver should wear rubber shoes or leather shoes to prevent electrical shock.

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3.2.1 一般作业 General Operation
h) 推土机越过桥梁时，应预先了解桥梁的承载能力，确认安全后才能低速行驶通过；
When driving the bulldozer to pass bridges, the bearing capacity of the bridge shall be known in advance to ensure safety and then pass the bridge at
low speed.
i) 推土机越过铁路时，应垂直于铁路，并以低速行驶，禁止在铁路上转向。
When driving the bulldozer to pass across railways, have the machine be vertical to the railroad and drive at low speed. Steering on railways is
prohibited.
为防止触电，根据输送电压大小，在下表中规定了车辆离开电源的最短距离：
In order to prevent electric shock, the safety distance between the vehicle and the power cable are specified in the following Table according to the
voltage of the power cable: 车辆距电源安全距离
Safety Distance between Machine and Power Cable

注意 Caution:
水深的允许值，应以托轮全部露出为准，冷却风扇不能着水。
The allowable value of water depth shall be subject to the full exposure of track
rollers, and the cooling fan shall not touch water.
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3.2.2 悬崖、路边作业 Operations on Cliff and Roadside
危险 Danger:
在危险地段操作时，不要接近悬崖、路基边操作，当按前次留下的履带轨迹行驶时，若发现土质有少量堆积，应平整后
行驶。
When operating at hazardous location, do not approach cliff and roadside. When driving along the previous track, level any soil
accumulation before driving.

3.2.3 坡道上作业 Operation on Slopes

警告 Warning:
1. 在坡道上行驶，应与斜坡平行的方向上坡或下坡，若斜向行驶，容易发生翻车或打滑；
When driving on slopes, go up or down the slope with the machine being parallel to the slope direction. When driving diagonally, the machine is easy to turn over or slip.
2. 在上坡与下坡前，根据坡道的斜度，应预先选用合适的速度，严禁在坡道上换档变速；
Appropriate speed should be selected in advance before going up or down the slope according to the slope grade. It is strictly prohibited to shift gears on slopes.
3. 在下陡坡或长坡时，必须以低速行驶，利用发动机作制动，严禁溜坡，当下坡车速仍有加快趋势时，应把制动踏板踏下，此时驾驶员须特别注意控制踏下制动
踏板的速度快慢和行程大小，并可降下铲刀，以切入土内来进一步减速，让铲刀触及地面增加阻力下行，这是由于车辆虽低档下长坡，但因下坡有加速运动趋势，
所以行驶速度将会超过该档在平地行驶时的最大速度，因此下坡行驶须特别注意，以防事故发生；
When going up or down abrupt slopes or long slopes, you must drive at low speed. The engine should be used for braking. Machine slipping on slopes should be strictly
prohibited. When the machine still runs faster and faster when going down a slope, the braking pedal should be depressed. Meanwhile, the driver must pay more attention to
control the speed and stroke of depressing the braking pedal. Moreover, the blade can be lowered down to cut into the soil for further deceleration, which is because that
though the machine is going down a long slope at low speed, it will still run faster and faster, its speed will exceed the maximum speed for traveling on level ground for this
gear and you should let the blade touch the ground to increase the resistance to go down the long slope. As a result, you should pay special attention when going down slopes
to prevent accidents.
4. 在坡道上禁止用制动踏板进行急刹车； It is prohibited to use brake pedal to carry out sharp brake on slopes.
5. 斜坡驾驶，应尽可能避免转向，尤其是在松软地、粘土地斜坡上转向，易产生滑移而发生翻车；
When driving on slopes, you should try your best to avoid steering, especially steering on slopes with soft clay, so as to prevent slipping and overturning.
6. 在行驶中要避开铁板、山林中的倒树或堆放的树叶； When driving, iron plate, falling trees in mountain forest or leaves piled up should be avoided.
7. 在斜坡上发生发动机熄火时，应首先放下铲刀，将车停妥，再把变速杆置于空档，然后再重新起动发动机。
When engine flameout occurs on slope, the blade should be put down first to park the vehicle and the gear lever should be set in neutral position before restarting the engine.

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3.2.4 除雪作业 Snow Removal Operation
a) 雪地进行除雪作业时，要注意地面是否倾斜，防止打滑，要特别注意选择合适的作业速度；
When snow removal operation is conducted on snowfield, pay attention to ground inclination to prevent slipping. Besides, particularly pay attention to choose appropriate
operation speed.
b) 由于雪的质量不同，会使负荷变化很大，为此作业时，在注意车辆打滑的同时要随时增减发动机负荷；
Load capacity of snow varies significantly with different types of snow. As a result, the engine load should be increased or decreased whenever necessary while paying
attention to vehicle slipping.
c) 在作业中要注意埋在雪中的堆物。
During operation, pay attention to objects piled and embedded in snow.
3.2.5 挖掘硬土、冻土及开沟作业
Excavation of hard soil, frozen soil and ditch
有效的方法是把推土机处于倾斜位置，将倾斜刀板刀角切入土中进行作业；对更硬的土质，先要用松土器将土切碎。
Effective method: put the bulldozer at an inclined position and cut the inclined blade into the soil; for harder soil, the ripper should be first used for crushing soil into small
pieces.
3.2.6 平地作业 Leveling Operation
对表面的积土进行平整作业时，先平整高差较大的地方，然后再在整个区域内逐刀顺序推平， 作业速度要以低速进行，对最后一道工序，可将铲刀处于浮动位置，
并可用低速后退来平整地面； 对岩石和多石地，不能采用后退来平整地面，否则要损坏铲刀体。
When conducting leveling operation on surface soil, places with large elevation difference should be leveled first, and then level the whole area in sequence. The operation
should be conducted at low driving speed. For the last procedure, you can back the machine up at low speed with the blade being placed at floating position for leveling
ground; for rock ground and stony ground, you cannot back the machine up for leveling ground, otherwise the blade body will be damaged.

3.2.7 推土作业 Bulldozing Operation

a) 推土、运土、掘削砂石作业，一般在 70 米以内较适宜，若超出这一距离，则使用铲运机比较经济，对斜坡的掘削，一般应从上而下进行，这样可提高工作效率；

For bulldozing, earthmoving as well as sandstone digging and cutting operations, the suitable distance is no more than 70 m. If the distance is more than 70 m, it is more
economical to use scrapers. For digging and cutting of slopes, the operation should be conducted from top to bottom, which can increase work efficiency.
b) 在往悬崖下进行推土作业时，应在悬崖旁保留一次推土量，用下次推的土将上一次保留的土推到悬崖下面去；
When bulldozing soil from cliff top to bottom at cliff side, soil for one bulldozing operation should be kept at cliff side and then this soil will be bulldozed down to the cliff
bottom by the soil bulldozed by the next bulldozing operation.
c) 在悬崖正面卸土时，或车辆爬到坡顶的瞬时，必须缓慢踩下减速踏板，在降低车速的同时， 将变速杆推入“空档”位置，以防由于负荷突然减轻，车辆自动加
速而产生事故。
c) When dumping soil on cliff frontage or just as the vehicle climbs to the top of slope, the deceleration pedal must be depressed slowly to reduce the vehicle speed and the
gear lever should be pulled into "neutral” position, so as to prevent accident caused by sudden load reduction and automatic acceleration of vehicle.
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3.2.8 伐木、拔根作业 Logging and Uprooting Operation
注意 Caution:
若是直径在 100 ～ 300mm 左右的树木，可将铲刀抬高，推 2 ～ 3 次即倒；然后用铲刀刀片掘入土中切掘根部，作业时应注意，不得高
速，避免冲击和树木倒后造成危险。
For trees with a diameter of 100 - 300 mm, you can lift the blade up and shove the tree for 2 - 3times, and then the tree will fall down. Then,
dig the soil by the blade to cut the root and dig it up, and doze as the same time of digging. Do not operate at high speed to avoid impact and
danger caused by falling trees.
3.2.9 牵引作业 Towing Operation
推土机使用前后牵引钩进行拖拽、自救等作业。
The dragging and self-help operations should be conducted by using the front and rear towing hooks on the bulldozer. 当使用前后牵引钩进行拖
拽、自救等作业时，应确保牵引绳具与牵引钩可靠连接并锁死，且保证牵引绳具安全承载牵引负荷。
When doing this kind of operations, make sure that the drawing rope and towing hook are connected reliably and locked, so as to ensure that the
drawing rope bears the traction load safely.
3.2.10 提高行走装置寿命的施工技术
Construction Technologies That Can Prolong the Service Life of Traveling Mechanism
行走装置的寿命与施工技术的高低，存在着紧密的联系，因此要注意以下各点：
The service life of traveling mechanism is closely related with the quality of construction techniques,so the following points should be noticed:
a) 要使用适合土质的履带板；
Use track shoe suitable for the soil texture.
b) 应尽量避免急剧地起动、加速、停止及不必要的高速运转和急转弯等；
Try to avoid sharp start, acceleration and stop as well as unnecessary high-speed running and sharp turning.
c) 尽量保持直线作业，不能总往一个方向转弯，并尽可能使转弯半径大些；
Try to operate the machine along a straight line, prohibit from always turning to only one direction, and turn with a radius as large as possible.
d) 在作业时，要尽量排除大石块或其它障碍物；
During operation, try to remove big stones or other obstacles.
e) 推土掘削中，地面上如有左右倾斜地段时，不能在倾斜地段掘削，应退到水平地段再继续掘削。
If any slope is found in the process of bulldozing, digging and cutting, you should not dig and cut on the slope, but you should back the machine up
to the level ground first.
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3.3 特殊环境作业技术 Operating Technologies in Special Environment
3.3.1 在寒冷期作业前的准备
Preparations before Operating the Machine in Cold Weather
当发动机散热系统使用水为冷却剂时，当气温一低，发动机起动就较困难，冷却水容易产生结冻现象，因此气温在 0°C 以下时，
要在水箱中添加防冻液，根据说明书添加防冻液。
When the engine radiator adopts the water as the coolant, if the temperature is low, the engine is difficult to start and the cooling water is
easy to freeze, so it's necessary to add antifreeze into the cooling water. The antifreeze shall be added according to the instructions when
the temperature is lower than 0°C.
防冻液使用时，先将冷却水全部放空，清洗内部，除去水垢等，检查散热器、水泵、送水软管等是否漏水，然后加入防冻液。
Before adding antifreeze, discharge all the cooling water firstly, clean the interior, remove the scale and check the radiator, water pump
and water delivery hose for water leakage. 在没有防冻液时，为了防止发动机过冷，可采用在发动机前机罩中罩、侧罩等部位加保
温套或其他措施对发动机进行保温，在运转中要经常注意水温表的指针是否在正常范围内。
When there is no antifreeze, in order to prevent the engine from being too cold when there is no antifreeze, a side cap-shape cover and a
radiator shutter cover can be installed. Always pay attention to the engine's temperature and observe the pointer of water temperature
gauge to see if the pointer is within the normal range.
警告
Warning
防冻液是易燃烧液体，使用时严禁火种。
Antifreeze is flammable, so fire is strictly prohibited when using it.
3.3.2 在寒冷期发动机起动
Engine Start during Cold Weather
根据用户需要，可加装锅炉加热器对发动机进行预热，具体操作及使用维护保养参见随机附带相关技术资料。
The boiler heater can be installed to preheat the engine according to the needs of user. See relevant technical documents
for specific operation and maintenance.

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3.3.3 在寒冷期每日作业完毕后 Items Need to be Carried Out after Daily Operation
a) 要清洗沾在车体上的泥和水，把车子停放在坚固、干燥的水泥地上，如没有这样适当的地方，可在地面上铺
上木版，将车辆停放在木版上，这是为了防止附着物结冻或行走装置冻牢在地面上，影响次日早晨推土机的使用；

Clean the mud and water stained on the vehicle and park the vehicle on firm and dry cement floor. If there are no such
proper places, place a board on the ground and park the vehicle on the board, so as to prevent attachments from
freezing or the traveling device from freezing on the ground, which may influence the use of bulldozer in the next
morning.
b) 要把液压缸活塞杆表面的水擦干净，不然杆上的泥和结冻的水珠一起进入密封环内，会使密封环损坏；
Water on the surface of piston rod of hydraulic cylinder shall be wiped up, otherwise the mud and frozen droplets on the
rod will enter into the sealing ring to damage the sealing ring.
c) 打开柴油箱下部的排水阀门。
Open the water drain valve at the bottom of fuel tank to drain off the water in the fuel system to avoid freezing at night.
d) 若冷却液为水，要将散热器下部水箱龙头和汽缸部件右侧后面的龙头（或塞子）打开，将冷却水放尽，以防
夜间冻结。
If there is no antifreeze in the cooling water, the water drain valves at the bottom of radiator and at the right back of
engine shall be opened to drain off the cooling water to avoid freezing at night.
e) 蓄电池在低温中，其机能将显著下降，所以要注意保温，把它盖好或搬到室内暖和的地方， 次日再装好。
The performance of battery will be poor if exposed in low temperature, so pay attention to keep it warm by covering it or
moving it to a warm indoor place and installing it the next day.

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 推土机运输与存放
04 Transportation and Storage
4.1 运输 Transportation
4.1.1 吊装 Hoisting
当推土机运输过程中需要吊装作业时，请按照下图所示进行起吊。
When hoisting operation is needed during bulldozer transportation, carry out the operation as shown in
the Figure. 起吊时应确保绳具可靠且锁定，避免承重部位与推土机棱角部位直接接触，应在履带边
角处垫一方木。
Make sure that the rope is reliable and is locked before hoisting, avoid the load-bearing parts from directly
contacting with the edges and corners of bulldozer, and pad square timbers under the track corners.

注意：进行起吊作业时，应确保推土机已被锁止。
Make sure that the bulldozer is locked before hoisting operation.
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4.1.2 车辆运输 Machine Transporation
车辆运输途中，要熟悉和遵守各种道路规则、路面运输车辆限制条例等交通规则。穿越桥梁和隧道时，要测定桥梁承受重量和隧道的空间尺寸。做一个
专用装卸台最好，如用爬梯向拖车上装卸车辆时，要遵守以下规定：
Be familiar with and comply with various road rules and restrictions of vehicles transport etc. Before crossing bridges and tunnels, determine the bearing weight of
bridges and special dimension of tunnels. It would be best if a special loading and unloading platform is provided. When using a ladder to load or unload the vehicle
on the trailer, the following rules shall be complied with:
a) 拖车要处于制动状态，并用方木固定好；
The trailer shall be in a braking state and fixed with square timbers.
b) 爬梯要有足够的宽度、长度和厚度，能承受车辆安全装卸，必要时可在下部支撑方木加强；
The ladder shall be wide, long and thick enough for the machine's safety loading and unloading; if necessary, square timbers can be put under the bottom for
supporting.
c) 放正爬梯，然后慢慢地装卸车辆；
Properly set the ladder and then slowly load or unload the vehicle.
d) 车辆要装在拖车的适当位置，然后在履带前后下方垫上木块，再用坚实的链子或绳索固定， 以防途中滑脱而造成事故；
The vehicle should be stopped at a proper position on the trailer and then square timbers should be padded under the front and rear part of the track. Finally, use a
firm chain or rope to fix the machine to prevent accident caused by slippage during transportation.
e) 落下铲刀，将各手柄放置下列位置：油门操纵杆放在低速位置，取下起动钥匙，变速杆放在空档位置，铲刀操纵杆放在保持位置， 制动器闭锁杆放在
锁定位置。
Lower the blade down and place each handle in the following positions: Place the throttle lever in the low-speed position, remove the starting key, place the gear
lever in the neutral position, place the blade control lever in the "HOLD" position and place the brake locking lever in the locking position.

注意 Caution:
1. 在爬梯上行驶时，不能调整行驶方向，如需调整，可将车辆退回到地面后，再调整。
When traveling on the ladder, the traveling direction should not be adjusted and the adjustment can only be conducted after the
vehicle is backed up on the level ground.
2. 如铲刀头宽度超出拖车宽度，可将铲刀角拆下或将铲刀拆下另装。
If the width of blade head exceeds trailer width, you can remove the side blade or remove the blade and mount it in another way.
3. 长距离水上运输，要采取防锈措施，对暴露在外的油缸活塞杆等应涂防锈油。
Antirust measures shall be taken for long-distance water transport and the exposed cylinder piston rod should be coated with rust
preventive oil.
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4.2 存放 Storage
4.2.1 短期存放 Short-term Storage
短期存放期限不超过两个月，存放期间应使机器处于随时启动状态。
The time limit of short-term storage shall not exceed two months and the machine shall be in a ready-for-use state during storage.
4.2.2 长期存放 Long-term Storage
机器存放超过两个月，下列措施务必实施，以便再次使用时的维修量最少。
The following measures must be taken when the machine storage time is more than two months, so as to achieve a minimum amount of
maintenance when using it again.
4.2.2.1 存放前 Before Storage
a) 各部位清洗干净后，把机器存放在干燥的建筑物内，不要置于室外。
After cleaning every part, the machine shall be stored in a dry building instead of an outdoor place. 若条件有限，不得不把机器置于室外，
此时应在地面上铺设木板，机器置于木板上用帆布盖好；
If conditions are limited and the machine has to be placed outdoors, place a board on the ground, then park the machine on this board and
cover it with tarpaulin.
b) 入库前，加足燃油和润滑油，并换上新机油； 注意：
Before storing, fill enough fuel and lubricating oil and replace the old engine oil with new oil. Caution:
c) 在金属表面薄薄地涂一层润滑油（活塞杆处）； 1. 变速杆置空档位置；
Coat a thin film of lubricating oil on the metal surface(piston rod). Place the gear lever in the neutral position.
d) 蓄电瓶，卸下端子，并盖好或者卸下单独存放； 2. 油门操纵杆置低速位置；
d) Dismantle the terminals of the battery and cover it or store separately. Place the throttle lever in the low speed
e) 环境温度 0℃ 以下时，应放干净系统中的水或更换为防冻液； position.
If the ambient temperature is below 0℃, drain the water in the clean system or replace antifreeze. 3. 铲刀操纵杆置保持位置；
f) 各种操纵杆和踏板设定见右注意项： Place the blade control lever in the "HOLD”
Various control levers and pedals shall be set as follows: position.
4. 制动踏板置自由位置。
Place the brake pedal in the free position.

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4.2.2.2 存放中 During Storage
每月起动一次，并将车辆行驶一个短距离，这是为了使机器的零件和发动机各部的表面能形成一层新油膜。
Start the machine once a month and drive the vehicle for a short distance so that a new oil film can form on the surface of all components and each
parts of engine.
操作工作装置时，拭去油缸活塞杆上的润滑油脂。
Wipe off the lubricating grease on the hydraulic piston rod when operating the working equipment.
4.2.2.3 存放后 After Storage
存放后（如没有掩盖、或未实行每月一次的防锈操作），在使用前必须做如下处理：
After storage, (if the machine is not covered or the anti-rust measures have not been taken once a month,) the following items should be
conducted before using the machine:
a) 卸下机油盘及其它油箱泄油塞，泄出混合水；
a) Dismantle the oil pan and drain plugs of other oil tanks to drain off the water mixture.
b) 卸下气缸盖，润滑各气门及摇臂，并检查气门的动作；
Dismantle cylinder cover, lubricate every valve and rocker arm, and check the valves performance.
c) 为排出液压系统中的空气，以低速运转发动机，并按下列方法操作；
For the purpose of discharging the air in the hydraulic system, the engine shall be operated at low speed according to the following methods:
往复运行每个液压缸 4 到 5 次，活塞停放在距行程终点 100mm 处；接着往复运行每个液压缸 3 到 4 次，运行至行程终点。
Every hydraulic cylinder shall be fully operated for 4-5 times and the piston shall be stopped at a place that is 100 mm away from the stroke end;
then every hydraulic cylinder shall be fully operated for 3-4 times.
d) 发动机起动后，进行运转，直到完全升温为止；
Start the engine and run it until it warms up.
e) 要定期对库存车启动运转 10 分钟 ，检查各仪表是否正常。
The machines kept in storage shall be started and operated regularly for about 10 minutes to check whether every instrument is working properly.

注意：若发动机起初就高速运转或活塞运动至行程终点，那么混进去的空气可能损坏活塞垫。
Caution: If the engine is operated at high speed in the beginning or the piston is fully operated, then the piston seal may be damaged by the air
that enters.

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 地址 : 湖南省长沙市银盆南路 361 号 ( 中联科技园 ) 邮编： 410013
Add: Zoomlion Park, 361 South Yinpen Rd. Changsha, Hunan Province, P. R. China
Postal Code: 410013
http://www.zoomlion.com Tel:+86 731 89751871