PRODUCTION OF CLASSROOM

CHALK FROM A MIXTURE OF

MARBLE DUST AND
PERIWINKLE (Pachymelania
Aurita) SHELLS AND MARBLE
DUST AND SNAIL SHELLS
(Lanister Variscus)
 OUTLINE

 BACKGROUND OF STUDY

 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

 LITERATURE REVIEW

 MATERIALS AND METHODS

 BACKGROUND OF STUDY

• Chalk
• Marble dust
• Periwinkle shells
• Snail shells
 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

• Environmental pollution

• Changes in landscape and degradation of agriculture

land.

• High demand for dustless chalk

 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
Aim

To produce classroom chalk from a mixture of marble dust and periwinkle

shells and marble dust and snail shells.

Objectives

i. determination of the chemical composition of marble dust, periwinkle shells and

snail shells; and

ii. production and comparison of the quality of chalk from a mixture of marble dust
and periwinkle shells and marble dust and snail shells with that from
conventional raw materials.
 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

• Meeting the demand for an environment free

from solid wastes

• Converting waste to wealth

• Meeting the high demand of chalk for its

different applications.
 LITERATURE REVIEW
AUTHORS WORK FINDINGS
White et. al., Found the concentration of The concentrations of calcium carbonate (mean % by dry weight) of the freshwater snail
(2007) calcium carbonate in shells of shells were as follows: H. trivolvis (wild), 97.0; Physa sp., 97.8; H. trivolvis (CO), 97.6;
freshwater snails B. glabrata, 98.8; P. bridgesii, 98.2.

Sezer, (2013) Produced calcium carbonate According to the analysis result, the waste contains ≥ 99.5 % CaCO 3. This confirmed the
from marble wastes. fact that CaCO3 can be obtained from marble wastes.
Orji et. al., Found the calcium carbonate Results indicated that the periwinkle (Tympanotonus fuscatus and Littorina littorea) shells
(2017) (CaCO3) and magnesium had a high level of CaCO3 (88.22 ± 0.75% and 85.38 ± 0.80% respectively) and a
carbonate contents of the relatively low but substantial level of MgCO 3 (10.25 ± 0.42% and 9.43 ± 0.60%
periwinkle (Tympanotonus respectively).
fuscatus and Littorina
littorea)
Udoh, (2019) Production of classroom From the results obtained from the complexometric titration (a form of volumetric
chalk from periwinkle shells. analysis in which the formation of a colored complex is used to indicate the end point of
a titration), the percentage composition of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3) content in crushed
and ashed periwinkle (Tympanotomus Fuscatus) shells were 88.34% wt. and 47.34% wt.
respectively. The quality of classroom chalk obtained from the ashed periwinkle shell was
low. This was due to the low concentration of the calcium carbonate (CaCO 3) in the ashed
periwinkle (47.34% wt. of CaCO3). However, the quality of chalk obtained from the
crushed periwinkle shell was high, due to the high concentration of the calcium carbonate
(CaCO3) in the crushed periwinkle shell (88.34% wt. of CaCO 3).
 MATERIALS AND METHODS

The production of the classroom chalk will be carried at in the laboratory following the procedures below:

Determination of
Determination of
Sample Calcium carbonate
the bulk density of
preparation content of the
the samples
samples

Test for the quality

Classroom chalk
of the classroom Mould preparation
production
chalk produced