Introduction to

Interactionism
Interactionism is a sociological and linguistic theory that emphasizes
the role of social interaction in language acquisition and use. It posits
that language is developed and used in the context of social
interactions, and meanings are created and conveyed through these
interactions. The theory is rooted in the belief that language cannot be
understood in isolation from the social and cultural context in which it
occurs. Interactionism is often associated with sociolinguistics and
pragmatics, focusing on the communicative aspects of language use
within specific social environments.

by ELIJAH JAMES ISAR GARGAR, MAEd

Key Principles of Interactionism
Dynamic Language Use
Interactionism emphasizes the
dynamic and ever-changing
nature of language use. It
recognizes that language is not
static, but rather adapts to the
situational context and the
participants involved.
Social Context
The theory highlights the role of
social context in shaping
language. It asserts that the
meanings of words, phrases, and
utterances are heavily influenced
by the social environment in
which they are used.
Recurring Interaction
Patterns
Interactionism recognizes
recurring patterns in social
interactions, noting how certain
language structures and
communicative strategies are
used repeatedly in particular
contexts.
Language as a Social Phenomenon

1 Symbolic Meaning
Language, within an interactionist framework, is considered a medium for complex, symbolic
communication. It is valued not only for its literal meanings but also for the social and cultural
significance it conveys.

2 Identity and Belonging

Interactionism delves into the ways in which language solidifies group identity and fosters a sense
of belonging. It explores how language binds individuals within specific social groups and
influences their self-perception.

3 Contextual Adaptation
The theory highlights the dynamic adaptation of language to varied social contexts, recognizing
the nuanced shifts in communication patterns and linguistic behaviors based on the surrounding
environment.
Interactionism and Pragmatics

1 Speech Act Theory 2 Conversational Implicature

Interactionism intersects with
pragmatics by exploring the
performative nature of language and the
communicative impact of speech acts
within social contexts.
The theory delves into conversational
implicatures, emphasizing the role of
implied meanings and indirect
communication in linguistic
interactions.

3 Language Variation
Interactionism and pragmatics jointly explore language variation, investigating how linguistic
choices adapt to different social situations and cultural norms.