COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN

BSR163
Lecture 5
Learning Outcome
At the end of the lecture, students should be able
to
Demonstrate the use of CAD tools
Create 2D & 3D models

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Unit Objective for Lecture 5
 Understand the terminology used in 3-D solid Modeling
 Define the most common types of 3-D modeling systems
 Apply Booelan operation to 3-D objects
 Apply construction geometry in the support of feature creation

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3D-SOLID MODELLING FUNDAMENTALS
 3D Drawing can be viewed from any
direction by changing viewports
 All objects composed of simple
geometric, shapes or promitives
 Boxes  Cones
 Wedges  Spheres
 Cylinders  Torus

3D Model Types

 Wireframe
 Surface
 Solid
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3D Model Types
Wireframe

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3D Model Types
Surface

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3D Model Types
Solid

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User Co-ordinate System (UCS) Command
To ease for drawing certain objects

i) Face-to establish a new coordinate

system aligned to the selected face
at a solid object
ii) Object-to establish a new coordinate
system to the selected object
iii) View-to establish a new coordinate
system perpendicular to the current
screen viewing direction
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UCS Dialog Box
 Pull-down menu>Tools>Named UCS
 Type ucsman in command window

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UCS Icon Dialog Box
 Pull-down menu>View>Display>UCS
Icon>Properties
 Type ucsicon in command window

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Viewing 3D Models With The 3D Orbit
Command
Pull-down menu>View>3DOrbit
Type 3dorbit in command window

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View Toolbar
 Pull-down menu>View>3D Views
 Type ddvpoint in command window
 Type view in command window

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Solid Modelling Commands
Pull-down menu>Draw>Solids

Box Extrude
Sphere Revolve

Cylinder Slice
Cone Section

Wedges Interfere

Torus

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Box Pull-down menu>Draw>Solids>Box
Type box in command window

Command: box Command: box

Specify corner of box or [CEnter] <0,0,0>: 4,7 Specify corner of box or [CEnter] <0,0,0>: 2,2
Specify corner or [Cube/Length]: 6,9,1 Specify corner or [Cube/Length]: l
Specify length: 5
Specify width: 2
Specify height: 1
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Sphere
Pull-down menu>Draw>Solids>Sphere
Type sphere in command window

Command: sphere
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4
Specify center of sphere <0,0,0>: 7,7
Specify radius of sphere or [Diameter]: d
Specify diameter: 4
Command: Hide
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 Cylinder
Pull-down menu>Draw>Solids>Cylinder
Type sphere in command window
Command: cylinder
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4
Specify center point for base of cylinder or [Elliptical] <0,0,0>: 7,7
Specify radius for base of cylinder or [Diameter]: d
Specify diameter for base of cylinder: 2
Specify height of cylinder or [Center of other end]: 4
Command: cylinder
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4
Specify center point for base of cylinder or [Elliptical] <0,0,0>: e
Specify axis endpoint of ellipse for base of cylinder or [Center]: c
Specify center point of ellipse for base of cylinder <0,0,0>: 8,0.5
Specify axis endpoint of ellipse for base of cylinder: @2<0
Specify length of other axis for base of cylinder: @1<90
Specify height of cylinder or [Center of other end]: 4
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 Cone
Pull-down menu>Draw>Solids>Cone
Type cone in command window

Command: cone
Command: cone Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4 Specify center point for base of cone or [Elliptical] <0,0,0>: e
Specify center point for base of cone or [Elliptical] <0,0,0>: 5,5 Specify axis endpoint of ellipse for base of cone or [Center]: c
Specify radius for base of cone or [Diameter]: 1 Specify center point of ellipse for base of cone <0,0,0>: 6.5,-0.5
Specify height of cone or [Apex]: 4 Specify axis endpoint of ellipse for base of cone: @2<0
Specify length of other axis for base of cone: @1<90
Specify height of cone or [Apex]: 4
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Wedge
Pull-down menu>Draw>Solids>Wedge
Type we in command window

Command: we Command: we
WEDGE WEDGE
Specify first corner of wedge or [CEnter] <0,0,0>: 5,5 Specify first corner of wedge or [CEnter] <0,0,0>: 8.5,-1.5
Specify corner or [Cube/Length]: 11.5,7.75 Specify corner or [Cube/Length]: L
Specify height: 3 Specify length: 5
Specify width: 1
Specify height: 3

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Torus
Pull-down menu>Draw>Solids>Torus
Type tor in command window

Command: tor
TORUS
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4
Specify center of torus <0,0,0>: 10,10
Specify radius of torus or [Diameter]: 5
Specify radius of tube or [Diameter]: 1

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Boolean Operation
Union
Subtract
Intersect

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UnionPull-down menu>Modify>Solid Editing>Union

 Type uni in command window

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Subtract

Pull-down menu>Modify>Solid Editing>Subtract
 Type su in command window

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Intersect

Pull-down menu>Modify>Solid Editing>Intersect
 Type in in command window

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Creating Solid Extrusions
Pull-down menu>Draw>Solid>Extrude
Type ext in command window

Command: ext
EXTRUDE
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=20
Select objects: 1 found
Select objects:
Specify height of extrusion or [Path]: 1
Specify angle of taper for extrusion <0>:

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Creating Solid Extrusions
Pull-down menu>Draw>Solid>Extrude
Type ext in command window

Command: ext
EXTRUDE
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=20
Select objects: 1 found
Select objects:
Specify height of extrusion or [Path]: 1
Specify angle of taper for extrusion <0>:15

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Creating Solid Extrusions
Pull-down menu>Draw>Solid>Extrude
Type ext in command window

Command: ext
EXTRUDE
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=8
Select objects: 1 found (select the circle)
Select objects:
Specify height of extrusion or [Path]: p
Select extrusion path:

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Creating Revolved Solids
Pull-down menu>Draw>Solid>Revolve
Type rev in command window

Command: rev
REVOLVE
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=8
Select objects: 1 found
Select objects:
Specify start point for axis of revolution or
define axis by [Object/X (axis)/Y (axis)]: O
Select an object:
Specify angle of revolution <360>:
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Try this!!
 Draw a simple rectangular (20units by
50units)
 Create a boundary
 Type ‘revolve’
 Select the object
 Select rotation axis (select top-right corner
and bottom right corner)
 Specify revolution angle (360 deg)
 Enter…..

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Try this!!

What happen???

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Try this!! Cont…
When you revolve a rectangle with an angle of 360 deg
on one side of that rectangle, you will get a cylinder.

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Creating Revolved Solids
Pull-down menu>Draw>Solid>Revolve
Type rev in command window

Command: rev
REVOLVE
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=8
Select objects: 1 found
Select objects:
Specify start point for axis of revolution or
define axis by [Object/X (axis)/Y (axis)]: O
Select an object:
Specify angle of revolution <360>:
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Try This…

And revolve it for

360 deg to
become……

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3D Screw

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Isolines System Variable
 Type isolines in command window and followed by regen to
allow the new setting to take place

Specifies the number of contour lines per surface on

objects. Valid integer values are from 0 to 2047. 35
Facetres System Variable
 Type facetres in command window and followed by hide to
allow the new setting to take place

*facet resolution = Adjusts the smoothness of shaded objects and objects

with hidden lines removed. Valid values are from 0.01 to 10.0.
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Facetres System Variable
 Type dispsilh in command window and followed by hide or
regen to allow the new setting to take place

DISPSILH = 0 (OFF ) DISPSILH = 1 (ON)

Controls display of silhouette edges of 3D solid objects in a 2D wireframe or

3D wireframe visual style.
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Modeling techniques Using Viewports

 Pull-down menu>View>New Viewports

 Type vports in command window

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Example of Viewports

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Creating Section
Pull-down menu>Draw>Solids>Section
Type sec in command window
Command: sec
SECTION
Select objects: 1 found
Select objects:
Specify first point on Section plane by
[Object/Zaxis/View/XY/YZ/ZX/3points]
<3points>: XY
Specify a point on the ZX-plane <0,0,0>:
Command: m
MOVE
Select objects:
1 found
Select objects: L
1 found
Select objects:
Specify base point or displacement: Specify second point of displacement or
<use first point as displacement>:
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Creating Slice
Pull-down menu>Draw>Solids>Slice
Type sl in command window

Command: sl
SLICE
Select objects: 1 found
Select objects:
Specify first point on slicing plane by
[Object/Zaxis/View/XY/YZ/ZX/3points]
<3points>: ZX
Specify a point on the ZX-plane <0,0,0>:
Specify a point on desired side of the plane or [keep Both sides]: b
Command: m
MOVE
Select objects: 1 found
Select objects:
Specify base point or displacement: Specify second point of displacement or
<use first point as displacement>:
Command: hide
Regenerating model.
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Shading Solid Models
Pull-down menu>View>Shade

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2D Wireframe & 3D Wireframe

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Hidden

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Flat Shade & Gouraud Shaded

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Flat Shade, Edge On & Gouraud Shaded, Edge On

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2D Draw Commands in 3D Space
Elevation-To create drawing at different height

Command: elev
Specify new default elevation <0.0000>:
Specify new default thickness <0.0000>: 4.5
Command: polygon (draw polygon with a radius of 2.5units)
Command: elev
Specify new default elevation <0.0000>:2.0
Specify new default thickness <0.0000>: 7.5
Command: circle (draw a circle with a radius of 1.0 unit)

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2D 
Draw Commands in 3D Space
Region-creates a region object of 2D that enable
the object to be extruded in 3D

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End of Lecture 5
 Understand the terminology used in 3-D solid Modeling
 Define the most common types of 3-D modeling systems
 Apply Booelan operation to 3-D objects
 Apply construction geometry in the support of feature creation

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