VAMOS

The way forward into HW Capacity

Full Rate – 1 call per TS

Half Rate – 2 calls per TS

VAMOS – 4 calls per TS

No voice quality degradation!
 How is Vamos working

• Transmitting – simultaneously sending 2 calls

01100010100011
• TRX: New modulation with double bit rate – AQPSK
• MS: Still using GMSK - one call per MS
01001110000010

• Receiving – separating 2 calls from each other

• TSC: Training Sequence Code – a code embedded in the signal
• MS: SAIC filter out its call using the TSC

TS
A
C
• TRX: IRC filter out each call using the TSC

C
TS

B
 How is Vamos working

• Seamless allocation of VAMOS in Ericsson BSS

• Any TCH TS in a cell can be VAMOS or non VAMOS
• Radio link quality for all calls and cell capacity are continuously monitored
• VAMOS used when needed for capacity and allowed based on quality

• Three functional levels in 3GPP for MS:

SAIC, VAMOS I, VAMOS II
• Better MS = more capacity gain
• 50-60% traffic from SAIC MS in European network March 2010
• How to measure?
Factors for Capacity Gain
SAIC Terminals

• SAIC Penetration in the network?

• Analysis of Terminal Fleet commercially
• Probes and registers
SAIC
terminals
• Ericsson has traffic counters for SAIC
SAICTRALLAC
SAIC Penetratio n  100  SAICSCAN
TFTRALACC THTRALACC
%

TFNSCAN THNSCAN

• All SAIC terminals are not correctly implemented.

• Ericsson found 14 terminals during the FOA.
• Ericsson has implemented a IMEI based “Black-list”
VAMOS FOA
21 Cell VAMOS cluster Oman, 8.00-22.00
OBJECT_ID (All) PERIOD (All)

60

50

40

Traffic
Data using VAMOS (%)
Average of 670P Vamos Traffic/Total Traffic, %
30
SAIC traffic using VAMOS (%)
Average of 671P Vamos Traffic/Total Traffic SAIC
Capable MS, %

20

10

0
110613 110614 110615 110616 110617 110618 110619

DATE
 VAMOS FOA
best cell in VAMOS Cluster Oman, 8.00-22.00

OBJECT_ID MUCOW7B PERIOD (All)

80

73%
70

60

50

42% Traffic using VAMOS (%)

Data
Average of 670P Vamos Traffic/Total Traffic, %
40 SAIC traffic using VAMOS (%)
Average of 671P Vamos Traffic/Total Traffic SAIC
Capable MS, %
30

20

10

0
110617 110618 110619

DATE
Factors for Capacity Gain
Link Budget (RXLEV)

• Impact from AQPSK modulation

• Reduced TRX output power due to Peak to Average effect similar to EDGE
• VAMOS (G11B): 3.3dB reduction
• VAMOS Advanced (G12A): 2.3dB – 3.3dB reduction
• BTS compensates for PAR when:
• Configured power is lower than maximum power
• MCPA is used (RBS6000) PARsignal
Ppeak

Paverage

• Reduced MS receiver sensitivity

• SAIC MS, VAMOS I MS: ~6dB
• VAMOS II MS: ~4dB
 Factors for Capacity Gain
Coverage Evaluation assumptions

• Calculation:

• MS reference sensitivity in the GSM 900 band: -104dBm [TS45.005]

• MS reference sensitivity in VAMOS mode: -98dBm
• Reduced BTS output power: -3dBm (AQPSK PAR)
•  VAMOS is theoretically OK for traffic with -95 dBm

• Additional 10dB margin is used in the study

• Other link Budget assumptions used in this evaluation

• BTS Output Power: 47dBm
• Combiner and feeder loss: -6dB
• Antenna gain: 18dBi
• Path loss: UMTS 30.03, vehicular path loss model
• Lognormal fading: Standard Deviation 8dB, Correlation Distance 110m
• Fast fading margin: -3dB
Factors for Capacity Gain
Radio Quality

Background
• Even if the Signal Strength is ok (> -85dBm ) an MS also needs to have good
radio quality (RxQual) to lock (sync) and encode the VAMOS call.

• One good indicator for quality is FER DL measurements.

(Not currently available)

• The Radio Quality is estimated based on:

• Level of Bad DL RxQual
Factors for Capacity Gain
VAMOS Pairing

VAMOS pairing

• Two CS subchannels that are transmitted in parallel on the same

timeslot – one on each VSC – form a VAMOS pair.

• To enable VAMOS pairing, both VAMOS connection in a VAMOS pair

should have relatively similar pathloss