Hellow

I’m Rito
Anthony O.
Sultan
Integumentary
system
• Integument means “ covering “ and the
integumentary system is one of the more
familiar system of the human body.

• Integumentary system is our body’s

outer layer. It’s made up of your skin,
nails, hair and the glands. Our
integumentary system acts as a
physical barrier protecting your body
from bacteria, infection, injury and
sunlight
 Functions of the Integumentary
System
• The integumentary system consists of the skin,
accessory structures such as hair, glands and
nails.
• Major functions that go beyond
appearance, major functions of
the integumentary system
includes ;
• Protection- The skin provides
protection against abrasion and
ultraviolet light. It’s also prevents
organism from entering the body.
• Sensation- The
integumentary system has
sensory receptors that can
detect heat, cold, touch,
pressure, and pain.
• Vitamin D production-
When exposed as ultraviolet
Light the skin produces a
molecule that can the
transformed into vitamin D.
• Temperature regulation-
When the body gets hot, sweat
glands in the skin produce
sweat. As the sweat evaporates
from the skin surface, it cools
the body down.
 • Waste excretion-
Through sweating, the skin
aids in eliminating small
amounts of metabolic waste
from the body.
 What are common
conditions or disorders
of the integumentary
system?
• Your integumentary system is
unique because most health
conditions associated with it
are visible. Unlike your
internal organs, health
conditions of your skin, hair
and nails are typically external
meaning you and your
healthcare provider can see
them.
What are the layers
of the skin?
The skin is composed of three primary
layers, each with distinct structures and functions;

Epidermis – the top layer.

Dermis- the middle layer
Hypodermis(Subcutaneous)
- the bottom or fatty layer.
 EPIDERMIS
• The epidermis is the top
layer of skin in your body.
It has many important
functions, including
protecting your body from
the outside world, keeping
your skin hydrated,
producing new skin cells
and determining your skin
color.
The epidermi, the outermost layer of the skin, also
contains several types of cells, each with specific
functions. These include;

Keratinocytes: These are the most abundant cells in

the epidermis. They produce keratin, a protein that
helps protect the skin and underlying tissues from
heat, microbes, and chemicals.
Melanocytes: These cells produce melanin, the pigment
responsible for skin color. Melanin also helps protect against UV
radiation.

Langerhans cells: These immune cells originate from the bone

marrow and are involved in the skin’s immune response. They
capture and present antigens to T cells.

Merkel cells: These cells function as mechanoreceptors, playing a

role in the sensation of touch. They are connected to nerve
 The epidermis is the thinnest layer of skin, but it’s
responsible for protecting you from the outside world, and
it’s composed of five layers of its own.
 • Stratum Corneum: The outermost layer,
consisting of dead, flattened keratinocytes
that form a protective barrier.
• Stratum Lucidum: A thin, clear layer found
only in thick skin, such as the palms and
soles.
• Stratum Granulosum: The layer where
keratinocytes begin to die and accumulate
keratohyalin granules.
• Stratum Spinosum: Known for its spiny
appearance due to desmosome connections,
it provides strength and flexibility.
• Stratum Basale: The deepest layer,
containing stem cells that continually divide
to produce new keratinocytes.
 DERMIS
• Your dermis is the middle layer
of skin in your body. It has many
different purposes, including
protecting your body from harm,
supporting your epidermis,
feeling different sensations and
producing sweat and hair.
• The papillary layer is the top layer of
your dermis. It contains blood vessels
to regulate body temperature.

• The reticular layer is the bottom layer of

your dermis. It contains nerve endings
and glands to allow the skin to stay moist
and feel pain
Hypodermis(subcutaneous)
• Your hypodermis is the bottom layer of
skin in your body. It has many
functions, including insulating your
body, protecting your body from harm,
storing energy and connecting your
skin to your muscles and bones