MicroC

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MicroC Programming

Outlines of part A:
1) MicroC Basics

2) Simple Examples

3) Lab#8:Introduction to MicroC programming

 1) MicroC Basics

 It is easy to write your code in C Language, but MikroC

Language is slower than the Assembly language because
it needs two steps to be transformed to machine
language.
1) MicroC Basics
How to write MicroC
code
1) MicroC Basics
How to make infinite loop in
MicroC :
1) MicroC Basics
Notes:
 To clear TMR0 interrupt flag bin?
INTCON.T0IF=0;
 To make a delay of 2 seconds?
DELAY_MS(2000)
 Set RB5 if RA2 is set?
IF(PORTA.F2==1) PORTB.F5=1;
 Int k = 200; delay_ms(K); Not
correct

 const int k = 200; delay_ms(K);

correct

 Int k = 200; Vdelay_ms(K);

1) MicroC Basics
Notes:

 In MikroC language you don't need to be in bank0, or in bank1, you

can deal directly with Special Function Registers (SFR).

 To make inverting use ~.

 To access an individual bit, use the following:

//If RB0 is set ,set RA0
if(portb.f0==1) porta.f0=1;
1) MicroC Basics

OPERATORS :
 1) MicroC Basics

Relational operators:
 1) MicroC Basics

Bitwise operators:
 1) MicroC Basics

Logical operators:
1) MicroC Basics
Selection statements:
There are two types of selection statements in C:
1. if
2. Switch
1) MicroC Basics
 1) MicroC Basics
Do statement
 1) MicroC Basics
Functions:
1) MicroC Basics
function Example:
1) MicroC Basics
Open -Drain RA4 on
PIC16F84A
1) MicroC Basics
Open -Drain RA4 on
PIC16F84A
1) MicroC Basics
Open -Drain RA4 on PIC16F84A
Some PICs like PIC16F84A have RA4 with open drain output instead of CMOS output!

RA4 is different; it is configured as an open drain MOSFET. When set to low, it

performs identically with the other pin architectures.

However, when set to high, there is no internal connection with VDD and hence it will not
directly source voltage.

 If it’s necessary to use RA4 as a sourcing output pin, you can add an external “pull-up”
resistor, typically in the range of 470 ohms–4.7K ohms.

The sourced current then comes from the pull-up resistor. Unlike all other pins that cannot
exceed VDD, RA4’s open drain is rated to 12 volts.
1) MicroC Basics
Open -Drain RA4 on
PIC16F84A
RA4 pin (pin 3 for PIC16F84a) is "Open-Drain" type output pin.

That means it cannot source current and it will be high impedance

when assigned logic '1' to it.

You cannot set this pin as an output pin by using 'TRISA=0x00'.

The solution is attaching a pull up resistor (10K) to the RA4 pin in

order to use this pin as an output pin.
1) MicroC Basics
Open -Drain RA4 on
PIC16F84A
1) MicroC Basics
Data
Types:
Type Size in bytes Range
1) MicroC Basics
Data Types:
You can defined the variables in three ways:
1) MicroC Basics
constants:
 General formula:
const constant type constant name= constant value

 Example: const pi=3.14;

float
 The constants stored in ROM.

 The value of the constant can’t change if for example say pi++.
1) MicroC Basics
Matrices
:

Index#0
Index#1
Index#2
1) MicroC Basics

Multi Dimension
Matrices :
1) MicroC Basics

Multi Dimension
Matrices :
Example:
1) MicroC Basics

#define:
1) MicroC Basics

Button “ Bounce”:
Counter from 0 to 0x0F, increases by one every press on RA4.
1) MicroC Basics

Button “
Bounce”:
1) MicroC Basics
Button “
Bounce”:
Solution
of bounce
by using
a small
delay
2) Simple Examples
Example#1:
Write a code in MicroC to make a LED B0
ON.
2) Simple Examples
Example#1
sol:
.
2) Simple Examples
Example#2:
Write a code in MicroC to make LED’s in B0,B1,B5
and
B7 ON.
2) Simple Examples
Example#2
sol:
Note:
 Trisb=0 trisb=0b00000000
≡
portb=0XA3
 Portb=0b10100011 ≡
2) Simple Examples
Example#3 :
Make flasher in all pin’s in portB.
2) Simple Examples
Example#3
sol :

or
2) Simple Examples
Example#4 :
Make a party LED’s…
 The first shape make led B0 ON then
the next and so on..
 The second shape make the
LED’s
begin to light ON from the middle.
 The third shape make all LED’s ON
then OFF.
And so on..
2) Simple Examples
Example#4
sol :
2) Simple Examples
Example#5 :
Make all LED’s in PORTB ON and then OFF. Repeat this process 18.
2) Simple Examples
Example#5
sol :
2) Simple Examples
Example#6 :
Make a LED in B0 ON
when you press to switch
in A0, unless that the
LED is OFF.
 2) Simple Examples
Example#6 sol:
There are two methods to connect the switches:
Pull-up resistor Pull-
down resistor

If(porta.f0==0) If(porta.f0==1)
{ {
Here we write the code when the switch is Here we write the code when the switch is
press. press.
} }
2) Simple Examples
Example#6

sol:
or
2) Simple Examples
Example#7 :
Write a code to make program
consists of 2 switches and 3
LED’s.

When you press to switch#1 the

LED begin to turn ON from LED1
then LED2 and finally LED3.

When you press to switch#2 the

LED begin to turn OFF from
LED3 then LED2 and finally
LED1.
2) Simple Examples
Example#7

sol:
or
2) Simple Examples
Example#8:
You have one switch and 4 LED’s.

If you press the switch the first

time all LED’s become ON.

If you press the switch the second

time, the LED’s begin to light from
right to left.

If you press the switch the third

time, the LED’s begin to light from
left to right.
2) Simple Examples
Example#8
sol :
2) Simple Examples
Example#9 :
 You have switch in A0 and
LED in B0.

 When you press to switch

the LED will light, but when
you press the switch there
is nothing unless you
released your finger from
switch.
2) Simple Examples
Example#9
sol:
2) Simple Examples
Example#10:
Make a binary counter that counts from 0255 in portB.
2) Simple Examples
Example#10
sol:
2) Simple Examples
Example#11:
Make a binary counter that counts from 09 and then repeat the
count .
2) Simple Examples
Example#11
sol:
2) Simple Examples
Example#12:
Make a multiplication table of 3 in binary, and display the result in portB.
2) Simple Examples
Example#12
sol:
2) Simple Examples
Example#13:
Write code to count from 90 by using 7 segment.
2) Simple Examples
Example#13
sol:

or
2) Simple Examples
Example#14:
Make a counter by using 7-
segment .

When you press to switch#1 the

counter will increment, but when
you press to switch#2 the counter
will decrement.
2) Simple Examples
Example#14
sol:
2) Simple Examples
Example#14:
You have a switch. At every press to switch make the LED light as
the following shape:
2) Simple Examples
Example#14
sol:
2) Simple Examples
Example#15:
Write a code when you press to switch in A1 you run the
buzzer, and increase the counter in portB.
2) Simple Examples
Example#15
sol:
2) Simple Examples
Example#16:
Make sound tones and display the result to speaker.
2) Simple Examples
Example#16 sol:
Learn:
Sound library consist of:

 Sound_Init
Example: Sound_Init(&PORTC,3);

 Sound_Play
Example: Sound_Play(1000,200)
where 1000 is the frequency in Hz and 200 is the time in
msec
2) Simple Examples
Example#16
sol:
2) Simple Examples
Example#17:
Write a C code program to make a flashing wave on PORT B, and
then control the direction, and the speed of the flashing wave,
through PORT A.
2) Simple Examples
Example#17
sol:
2) Simple Examples
not
e:
 Rest
+5V

Port A Port B

:
PIC16F877A
:

PIC16F877
Port E
 It consists from 40 pin’s, we Source#2

can use 33 pin’s as input or

 You can connect source#1
output. Source#1
only, or source#2 only, or to Port D
connect 32 with Vcc and 12 with
Crystal
ground, or 31 with ground and

A
4Mhz
11 with Vcc.

You must begin your program Port C Port C

with adcon1=0x06; or
adcon1=0x07; in case you don’t
use analog equipments, to use Port D Port D
port A and port E normally.
 Lab #8
Introduction to MikroC Language

Design traffic lights to the intersection consists of four directions.(10 marks)

 Do this project software

and hardware.

 Attach the CD for the

MicroC code and
simulation and send to me
hard copy report.

 Only 3 students in every

group.

 Deadline: after 5 days

from discussion the lab.
 Lab
#8
Introduction to MikroC Language

Hints:
we want to consider the first road is green and the other roads are red for 2
minutes.

 After that turn off the green signal, and still the red signal as previous step.

 Turn on the yellow signal for 5 sec in first road, then turn of the yellow
signal.

 Make the same process for the second road and so on.
 Lab #8
Introduction to MikroC Language

Do the best you can, you are

Muslim.
Be free to ask any
question