Chapter 12

Time and Motion

LO: To be able to define motion
and list the 3 types of motion
Motion is Relative
Basic unit(SI unit) of distance is metre (m)
SI unit of time is seconds (s)
SI unit of speed is m/s
LO-To be able to define simple pendulum and explain the parts of Simple pendulum.
Analyse the factors affecting the time period of a simple pendulum
A complete to and fro motion-oscillation
Virtual lab/Simulations-Phet –Activity
Numerical


Eg:A simple pendulum takes 32s to complete 20 oscillations, what is the
time period of the pendulum?

Ans. Time taken to complete 20 oscillations = 32 s

Time taken to complete 1 oscillation = 32/20 s = 1.6 s
To find the Time period of a simple pendulum
length of the simple pendulum=1m
Mass of the bob=500gm

no Time taken for 10 Time period=t/10

oscillations (seconds) (t) (seconds)

1 20.87 2.04

2 20.05 2.05

3 20.85 2.04
Write in the notebook

Q. State the factors on which the time period of a simple pendulum depend.
Answer:

 Length of the pendulum

 Acceleration due to gravity.
Speed
LO-To define speed and write the formula for speed.
To calculate speed using the formula Speed =Distance/Time
S=D/T
Conversion of units
(Write in the notebook)

 1 km= 1000 m
 1m = 1/1000 km
 1 hr= 60 minutes
 1minute= 1/60 hrs

 1 minute= 60 seconds
 1 hr = 60x60=3600 seconds
 1second= 1/3600 hours
 Numericals
 1. A spaceship travels 36000 km in 2 hours. Express its speed
i.km/hr
ii.km/min
2. The distance between two stations is 240 km. A train takes 4 hours to cover this distance.
Calculate the speed of the train
a. km/hr .

4.A bus travels 54 km in 90 min. The speed of the bus in m/s is___
D= 54km=54x1000=54000m
T= 90min=90x60=5400 s
S=D/T=54000m/5400s=10m/s
 More Numericals
 1.Noah roller skates 15 km in 75 minutes. What is his average speed in kilometers per
minute?
2. A train travels 18 km in 15 minutes. What is its average speed in kilometers per hour?
3. A taxi hurries with a constant speed of 120 km/h. How far can it travel in 60 minutes?
S= 120km/hr
T=60minutes= 1hr
D= SxT
=120 km/hr x1 hr= 120 km
4. A car drives with a constant speed of 120 km/h. How far can it travel in 270 minutes?
S= 120km/hr
T=270minutes =270/60= 27/6 =9/2 =4.5 hrs
D= SxT = 120x4.5= 540 km
 1.A taxi hurries with a constant speed of 84 km/h. How far can it travel in 5 hours?
S=
T=
D= SxT= 84x5= 420km

2: A bus travels with a constant speed of 48 km/h. How long will it take to travel 60 km?
S=48km/hr
D= 60km
T= D/S = 60/48= 1.25hrs

3: Mike drives his car 60 km in 55 minutes. What is its average speed in kilometers per hour?

4: A van travels 24 km with a constant speed of 65 km/h and another 50 km with a constant speed
of 80 km/h. How long did it take for this trip?

5: A car travels for 1 1/2 hours with a constant speed of 65 km/h and then travels for 45 minutes
with a constant speed of 80 km/h. What distance did the vehicle cover?
5. A car travels for 1 1/2 hours with a constant speed of 65
km/h and then travels for 45 minutes with a constant speed
of 80 km/h. What distance did the vehicle cover?

 T= 1.5hrs
 S= 65km/hr
 D= SxT
 D= 65x1.5= 97.5km

 T= 45minutes =45/60 hrs

 S= 80km/hr
 D=SxT = 80x 45/60 = 60 km

 Total distance= 97.5+ 60= 157.5 km

Solutions

4. A van travels 24 km with a constant speed of 65 km/h

and another 50 km with a constant speed of 80 km/h. How long did it take for
this trip?
Distance(1st part) = 24km
Speed (1st part)=65km/hr
Time(1stpart) = D/S= 24/65 = 0.36hrs
D (2nd part) = 50km
S(2nd part)=80km/hr
T (2nd part) =D/S= 50/80= 0.625hrs
Total time= T (1)+ T(2)=0.36+0.625= 0.985hrs
5. A car travels for 1 1/2 hours with a constant speed of 65 km/h and then
travels for 45 minutes with a constant speed of 80 km/h. What distance did the
vehicle cover ?

 T (1)= 1.5hrs
 S(1) =65km/hr
 D(1) =SxT =65x1.5= 97.5km
 T(2)= 45minutes =45/60 =0.75hrs
 S(2)= 80km/hr
 D(2) =SxT = 0.75x80= 60km

 Total distance= D(1)+D(2) = 97.5+60 = 157.5km

LO-Analyse the Distance -Time graph to calculate speed.

The graph below shows an object moving with constant speed or in

uniform motion.
Questions on Distance-Time Graph
 1. Complete the data of the table given below with the help of the
distance-time graph given in Figure 13.6.
Q.2 Given below as Figure 13.8 is the distance-time graph of
the motion an object
(i)What will be the position of the object at
20 s?

Ans: 8m

(ii) What will be the distance travelled by

the object in 12s?
Ans:6 m
(iii)What is the average speed of the object?
Ans: S= D/T= 8m/20s= 2/5 = 0.4m/s
Q.3
1. S=D/T =10m/20s= ½=0.5m/s
2. D= 40m
3. S= D/T =40m/40s= 1m/s