Nutch filter

The principle of operation.

The vacuum nutch filter is the simplest industrial filter. This is a container 1 with
an area of 1-6 m2 with a double bottom. A metal mesh 3 is placed on the grate 2 so
that the fabric does not fit tightly to the grate, and a filter cloth 4 is placed on the
grid.The suspension is fed from above. A vacuum is created under the grate, the
value of which ranges from 300 to 600 mm Hg. During filtration, sediment
accumulates on the filter baffle. The final thickness of the accumulated sediment
layer is selected in the range from 30 to 200 mm, depending on the value of the
sediment resistivity. After the end of filtration, if necessary, the sludge is washed,
dried, and then discharged. For mechanization of unloading operations, tipping
nutches 5 are used.In filters of this type, the maximum pressure difference (the
driving force of the process) does not exceed 1 atmosphere.
1 - container; 2 - grate; 3 - metal mesh; 4 -
filter cloth; 5 - tipping mechanism
 Tile-frame filter press

1 - thrust plate; 2 - frame; 3 - plate; 4 - filter cloth; 5 - movable end plate; 6 - horizontal guide; 7 -
clamping screw; 8 - bed; 9 - trough for collecting filtrate or washing liquid
 The principle of operation.
The tile-frame, or frame, filter press consists of a set of alternating
hollow frames and drainage plates, on the surface of which the filter cloth
s located. There are holes in the plates and frames that form channels for
he passage of suspension and washing liquid. During the operation of the
tile-frame filter press, the filtration stage and the washing stage are
distinguished. In the filtration stage, the suspension enters the space
bounded by two filter partitions adjacent to the corrugated surface of the
plates and the inner surface of the frame through the middle channel and
channels. The filtrate simultaneously passes through both filter baffles,
after which it flows through gutters and channels to the taps, which are
open at all plates at this stage. When the space is filled with sediment, the
suspension is stopped. In the washing stage, the washing liquid is
supplied through two side channels. During flushing, half of the taps are
closed, so that the flushing liquid passes sequentially: one filter baffle, a
layer of sediment, a second filter baffle and is discharged. At the end of
washing, the sediment is purged with compressed air or steam. Then the
sediment is discharged into a special hopper.
 Plate (a), frame (b) and assembly (c) of the frame filter press

1 - holes in the plates and frames, forming a channel for feeding the suspension during
assembly; 2 - holes in plates and frames forming a channel for the supply of washing liquid; 3
- outlets for the passage of the suspension inside the frames; 4 - internal spaces of the frames;
5 - filter partitions; 6 - plate corrugations; 7 - channels in the plates for the filtrate outlet at the
filtration stage or washing liquid - at the sludge washing stage; 8 - central channels in the
plates for collecting filtrate or washing liquid; 9 - taps on the filtrate or washing liquid output
lines