DRUM VACUUM FILTER

Scheme of the drum vacuum filter

1 - perforated drum; 2 - wavy mesh; 3 - filtered partition; 4 - sediment; 5 - knife for removing sediment; 6 - trough for
suspension; 7 - swinging agitator; 8 - device for supplying washing liquid; 9 - chambers (cells) of the drum; 10 -
connecting tubes; 11 - rotating part of the distribution head; 12 - stationary part of the distribution head; I - filtration
zone and suction of filtrate; II - washing zone of sediment and suction of washing water; III - sediment removal zone;
IV - filter cloth cleaning zone
The scheme of operation of the drum vacuum
filter

1 - drum; 2 - tube; 3 -
distribution device; 4 - tank; 5
- agitator; 6, 8, 11, 13 -
cavities of the switchgear; 7 -
sprinkler device; 9 - tape; 10 -
guide roller
The principle of operation
The vacuum filter consists of a cylindrical perforated drum 1, the side surface of which is
covered with a filter cloth from the outside. The drum is partially immersed in a tank 4 with a
suspension, which is stirred up by a swinging agitator 5. The filtration surface of the drum is
divided according to its generators into a number of cells isolated from each other. As they
move around the circumference, the cells are connected to vacuum or compressed air sources.
Each cell is connected by a tube 2 to different cavities of the fixed part of the switchgear 3. The
cell passes successively the zones of filtration, first dehydration, washing, second dehydration,
sediment removal, tissue regeneration. In the filtration zone, a vacuum is supplied to the
cell through the cavity 6. In this case, the filtrate goes into the filtrate collector, and a
precipitate forms on the surface of the filter cloth. In the zone of the first dehydration
under the action of vacuum, atmospheric air displaces the liquid phase of the suspension from
the pores of the sediment. In the washing zone, a washing liquid is supplied to the partially
dehydrated sediment from the sprinkler 7. The water is supplied by a jet of such power that it
does not knock the sediment off the filter cloth. To prevent the formation of cracks in the
sediment during washing, an infinite tape 9 is superimposed on it, moved by a guide roller 10.
In this zone, the cell is connected by a tube 2 to a cavity 8, which communicates with a vacuum
source. The washing liquid goes into a special collection. In the zone of the second
dehydration under the action of vacuum, atmospheric air displaces the washing liquid from
the pores of the sediment. In the sediment removal zone, compressed air is supplied to the
cell through the cavity 11. The sediment is blown away from the filter cloth, loosened and
separated with a knife 12.In the regeneration zone, the filter cloth is blown with compressed
air. In the case of heavy clogging of the canvas with small particles of suspension, its purging
is carried out with a steam-air mixture. The filtering cycle repeats again.
 THE SCHEME OF A CONTINUOUS VACUUM BELT FILTER

1 - vacuum chambers; 2 - perforated tape; 3 - tension drum; 4 - suspension feed tray; 5

- filter cloth; 6 - tension rollers; 7 - roller for bending the tape; 8 - drive drum; 9 -
nozzles for feeding the washing liquid