CHAPTER-9

JOSE RIZAL AND PHILIPPINE

NATIONALISM-NASYONAL SYMBOL

De San Juan, May Ann, F.

Dela Cruz, Rina, B.
 INTRODUCTION

• Philippines consists of different national symbols from animals, tree

and a things that represent the tradition and culture and ideals and
convey the principles of sovereignty and national solidarity of the
Filipino people.
• According to National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA),
official national symbols of the Philippines represent the country’s
traditions and ideals and convey the principles of Philippine
sovereignty and national solidarity
 NATIONAL FLAG

• The Philippine National Flag

• Made of silk
• white equilateral triangle-The white triangle signifies
Filipino hope for equality;
• At the left containing a sunburst of eight rays at the
center
• five-pointed star at each angle of the triangle,
• an upper stripe of blue- stands for peace, truth, and
justice
• and a lower stripe of red-the lower red stripe stands
for patriotism and valor.
• The sun stands for liberty
 NATIONAL FLAG

• The sunburst of eight rays for the first eight

provinces to take up arms against Spain; The eight
rays on the flag represent the eight original
provinces: Batangas, Bulacan, Cavite, Laguna,
Manila, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, and Tarlac.
• The three stars for the three island groups of the
Philippines – Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao.

Section 14 of Republic act 8491(Flag and Heraldic

Code of the Philippines) states that a flag worn out
through wear and tear,shall not be thrown away.
NATIONAL ANTHEM: “LUPANG
HINIRANG”
• The Philippine national Anthem is entitled
“Lupang Hinirang” and composed
by Julian Felipe. “Lupang Hinirang” was
first played publicly on June 12,
1898 during the proclamation of Philippine
Independence. Its lyrics were adopted from
the Spanish poem, Filipinas, which was
written by José Palma.
• The word Jose Palmas-Filipinas,Letra Para
La March Nacional published on
September 3,1899 was used as the lyrics
of national anthem.
Lupang Hinirang (lyics)
By;Juan Felipe
Bayang magiliw
Perlas ng silanganan
Alab ng puso sa dibdib mo'y buhay
Lupang Hinirang, duyan ka ng magiting
Sa manlulupig, di ka pasisiil
Sa dagat at bundok na simoy
At sa langit mong bughaw
Tagumpay na nagnininging
Ang bituin at araw niyan
Kailan pa ma'y di magdidilim
Lupa ng araw ng luwalhati't pagsinta
Buhay ay langit sa piling mo
Aming ligaya nang pag may mang-aapi
Ang mamatay ng dahil sa iyo
 NATIONAL TREE: NARRA

• The Narra tree has always been an important part of Filipino

culture.
• In fact, in many parts of the Philippines, the Narra tree is
considered sacred, and it plays an essential role in traditional
ceremonies.
• The Narra tree is also a popular subject for art, literature, and
folklorearly.
• Narra tree is a striking, large, and strong shady tree.
• Narra is one of the most wanted wood for furniture but because
thee are only a few trees left, cutting down a narra tree is no
longer allowed.
 NATIONAL TREE: NARRA

• The Philippine national tree is called “narra” generally known as

rosewood.
• It was made official by Gov. Gen. Frank Murphy through
Proclamation No. 652 s. 1934. He also declared a special permit
is needed when cutting Narra, because its considered as
endangered species.
• Narra and other premium hardwood trees require a special permit
the DENR(Department of Environment and Natural
Resources)order no. 78,s.of 1987 and DENR Memo circular
no.22,S. of 1990 under the DENR Memorandum Order dated
February 5, 2013, cutting of Narra needs to be approved by the
DENR Central Office, particularly by the Office of the
Undersecretary for field Operations.
• It mostly found in Bicol, Mindanao, and the Cagayan Valley
forest.
NATIONAL FLOWER: SAMPAGUITA

• The Philippine national flower is called

“sampaguita” which is generally known as the
Arabian Jasmine. Its white color
symbolizes purity, simplicity, humility, and
strength.
• Star shapped blossom which has a sweet
fragrance.It open at night and droops inless
than a day.
NATIONAL BIRD: PHILIPPINE EAGLE

• The Philippine national bird is called the “Philippine

eagle” scientifically known as Pithecophaga jefferyi.
It was made official in 1978 by former President
Ferdinand Marcos through Proclamation No. 1732.
• The Philippine eagle also known as the monkey
eating eagle stands over three feet(1m) tall. It has a
large, sharo,curved beak.
• The Philippine eagle declared by pres. Fedil Ramos
as the national bird through Proclamation No.615
s.1995,the Philippine eagle is monogamous , with
pairs of mating for life . If one of the pair dies,
however, the surviving eagle will usually find another
companion.
NATIONAL GEM: PHILIPPINE PEARL

• The Philippine national gem is called

“Philippine Pearl” as declared by Former
President Fidel V. Ramos through
Proclamation No. 905 s. 1996.
• It is scientifically known as Pinctada
Maxima. In fact, world’s largest pearl
was discovered by a Filipino diver in a
giant Tridacna (mollusk) under the
Palawan Sea in 1934.
•
 NATIONAL SPORT: ARNIS

Arnis is to the Philippines like Japan’s Karate

and Korea’s Taekwondo. It’s both a martial art
and a sport whose origins are still largely
unconfirmed because of lack of
documentation.
It’s known by two other names: Kali and
Eskrima, and makes use of both bladed
weapons, batons/sticks, and bare hands.
It became a national symbol in 2009 when
then-Pres. Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo signed
Republic Act 9850 into law.
 LIST OF OUR
COUNTRY’S UNOFFICIAL NATIONAL SYMBOLS:

• Dr. Jose Rizal: National Hero

Long recognized in the country’s history books as our National
Hero, Dr. Jose Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonzo Realonda’s
status as our national hero has not been the subject of debate for
the common Juan. Scholars, however, still argue about who
should be given the title: Jose Rizal, Andres Bonifacio, Emilio
Aguinaldo, Apolinario Mabini, Marcelo H. del Pilar, Sultan
Dipatuan Kudarat, Juan Luna, Melchora Aquino, and Gabriela
Silang were listed down by former President Fidel V. Ramos as
those worthy of being given the title of National Hero. This list
has not been acted on since being submitted by the National
Heroes Committee on November 22, 1995.
 NATIONAL HOUSE:BAHAY KUBO

• The humble bahay kubo or nipa

hut is still seen in some parts of
the country, particularly in the
provinces. While it has long been
a symbol of Filipino homes, it has
not been recognized as a national
symbol.
• Bahay kubo is a shelter made out
of bamboo and palm leaves.
 FILIPINO MEN’S NATIONAL COSTUME

• Originated from the northern part of the Philippines, Barong Tagalog is the
national costume of Filipino men.
• It is worn over a Chinese collarless shirt called camisa de Chino. Its loose and
long lines feature can be traced of its Chinese sources, the airy tropical
appearance of Indo-Malay costume, the elongated effect of Hindu dressing,
and the ornamental restraint of European men’s clothing. The fabric used for
this clothe is usually made of different natural resources from the Philippines
such as piña fabric (hand-woven from pineapple leaves), jusi fabric (machine-
woven from banana silk), and banana fabric (hand-woven from banana fiber).
• Barong Tagalog is usually worn in ceremonial events such as weddings, formal
parties, and official business meetings.
 FILIPINO WOMEN’S NATIONAL COSTUME

• The official national costume of Filipina women is

called Baro at Saya (Baro’t Saya), also known
as Filipiniana. According to an article published by
Philippine Folk Life Museum Foundation, the wearing
of Baro’t Saya originated from the Spaniards and it was
worn throughout the 400 years of the Spanish
colonization.
• Barot saya half naked style,the bare upper torso was
slowly covered with a short sleeved,collarless blouse
called “baro”.
• The whole look developed into many layered collection
of the kimona or inner shirt,the baro outershirt with its
typically delecate materials,fine embroidery and wide
sleeves.
 NATIONAL FOOTWEAR : BAKYA

• The Bakyâ or wooden clogs were once the most

commonly used footwear in the Philippines before
the introduction of rubber sandals.
• This footwear is made from local light wood like
santol and laniti. It is cut to the desired foot size
before being shaven until smooth.
• The side of the bakyâ is thick enough to be carved
with floral, geometric or landscape designs, a unique
method in Southeast Asia for the artist's application
of oneself towards the clog. Afterwards, the bakyâ
could then be painted or varnished, traditionally, on
the specification of the person who would wear it.
 BANGUS: NATIONAL FISH

• The bangus or milkfish has long been seen as

the country’s national fish, yet without a law,
it’s status will never be official.
 CARABAO: NATIONAL ANIMAL

• If common men have dogs as their best

friend, then the carabao or Philippine water
buffalo is the Filipino farmer’s best friend.
They’re beasts of burden, able to do almost
everything that needs to be done on the rice
fields, including carrying the farmer and his
goods. But, without any laws to recognized
them, they’ll remain an unofficial symbol of
the country.
• Carabao symbolize hard work and strength.
MANGO: NATIONAL FRUIT

• A common sight in Philippine wet

and dry markets, the mango has long
been seen as the National fruit.
• As popular as it is for making
desserts, there is no law that
proclaims it as a national symbol.
•
 LECHON OR ROASTED PIG: NATIONAL
DISH

The lechon is a very popular and famous food

among Filipinos. Lechon (litson in
tagalong) is roasted whole pig cooked over burning
charcoals. It is a dish that is almost a
fixed part and menu centerpiece of any Filipino
celebration which is usually prepared for fiestas,
family celebrations (like parties and marriages) and
also a favorite dish during
Christmas.
 ANAHAW: NATIONAL LEAF

• The Filipino word "Anahaw" (ana-how) are

nice-looking, tropical palm known for its
round fan-shaped leaves.
• Its leaf has some uses like: to fan yourself
during hot days. The Tagalogs of Quezon
Province even use it to wrap their brown
and delicious tikoy.
• Anahaw leaves are also a widespread
symbol in the Philippines that is often used
in awards and medals to represent high
achievement, strength, and loyalty.
 NATIONAL VEHICLE: KALESA

• Philippine kalesa is a horse-driven carriage

that looks like an inclined cart, was introduced
during the 18th century. The kalesa has two
round wheels on each side and two rows of
seats that can accommodate four persons.
• The driver sits on a block of wood located at
the front of the cart near the horse.
• This was one of the methods of transportation
introduced in the Philippines in the 18th
century by the Spaniards that only nobles and
high ranked Spanish officials could afford.
 REFERRENCE

• https://primer.com.ph/tips-guides/2017/04/15/learn-about-the-philippin
es-national-symbols/

• https://thewalkingbiscuit.wordpress.com/2023/01/30/narra-tree-an-imp
ortant-symbol-of-filipino-culture/
• https://primer.com.ph/tips-guides/2017/05/13/expats-guide-to-the-phili
ppines-national-costume/

• https://www.philippineartscouncil.com/post/ang-bakya-mo-neneng
• https://krychelleespinosa.weebly.com/philippine-national-vehicle.html