Understanding Anemia

Anemia is a medical condition where the body has a lower than normal number of
red blood cells or hemoglobin, the iron-rich protein that carries oxygen throughout
the body. This can lead to fatigue, weakness, and other health issues.

by jinsi george
Types of Anemia
Iron-Deficiency Anemia Vitamin Deficiency Anemia Hemolytic Anemia

Caused by lack of iron, the most Caused by lack of vitamins like Caused by red blood cells being
common type of anemia. B12 or folate. destroyed faster than they can be
made.
Causes of Anemia

1 Blood Loss 2 Nutritional Deficiencies

From injury, surgery, or gastrointestinal bleeding. Lack of iron, folate, vitamin B12, or other
nutrients.

3 Chronic Conditions 4 Inherited Disorders

Such as cancer, kidney disease, or rheumatoid Like sickle cell anemia or thalassemia.
arthritis.
Symptoms of Anemia
Fatigue Shortness of Breath
Feeling constantly tired or weak. Even with mild exertion.

Pale Skin Rapid Heartbeat

Lack of healthy red blood cells gives a pale The heart works harder to pump oxygen-poor blood.
appearance.
Diagnosing Anemia

Blood Tests Physical Exam Medical History

Measuring hemoglobin and red Checking for signs like pale skin Discussing symptoms, diet, and
blood cell levels. or rapid heartbeat. any underlying conditions.
Treating Anemia
1 Iron Supplements
For iron-deficiency anemia, iron pills or injections.

2 Vitamin Therapy
B12 or folate supplements for vitamin-deficiency anemia.

3 Underlying Condition Treatment

Addressing the root cause, like cancer or kidney disease.
Preventing Anemia

Eat Iron-Rich Foods Take Supplements Donate Blood Safely Get Regular Checkups
Meat, seafood, beans, Iron, B12, or folate if Allow time for iron levels Screen for anemia and
lentils, and fortified deficient. to recover. underlying conditions.
cereals.
Anemia's Impact on Health
Chronic Fatigue Reduced oxygen delivery can cause constant
tiredness.

Weakened Immune System Anemia may increase risk of infections.

Slow Cognitive Function Lack of oxygen can impair memory and

concentration.

Pregnancy Complications Anemia during pregnancy raises risk of preterm birth.