Diabetes

By: Dr Pallavi Joshi

 Definition:
•“A metabolic disease
in which the body is
unable to produce
any or enough insulin
which causes
elevated levels of
glucose in the
blood.”
Types of diabetes:
• Type 1
• Type 2
• Gestational diabetes
• Prediabetes
Type 1 diabetes:

– Also known as juvenile

diabetes
– Usually diagnosed in
children and young adults
– Only 5% of people have this
disease
 Type 2 diabetes:
– Most common form of diabetes –
about 90% of cases
– Used to be called adult onset, non
insulin dependent diabetes
– Body produces insulin, but does not
use it properly
 Risk factors:
• Genetics
• Race
– African Americans, Hispanics
and Asians > whites
• Age
– After age 45, but increases in
younger adults and children
• Environmental factors
– Inactivity
– Weight gain
How to monitor your diabetes:
 Preventions:
•Type 2:
–Maintain a healthy
lifestyle
–Exercise and eat
well
 Diet
• Eat lots of fibre rich food.
• Eat complex
carbohydrates.
• Low fat
• Avoid sugar, sweets and
junk food.
• Eat whole grains, cereals
and pulses
Prediabetes:
 Check points

• How many types of diabetes

have been discussed ?
• What is the difference between
type 1 and type 2 diabetes?
• What do you mean by
prediabetics?
• What measures can we take to
prevent it?