CREATINE

METABOLISM
NIVETHKUMAR.K
ROLLNO.58
LEARNING
OBJECTIVES
 INTRODUCTION
 CREATINE BIOSYNTHESIS
 CREATINE METABOLISM
 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CREATINE
AND CREATINE PHOSPHATE
 CREATINE DEGRADATION
INTRODUCTION
 Creatine is an amino acid that does not found in protein
 Creatine is an nitrogenous organic acid
 It constitutes about 0.5% of total muscle mass
 It is synthesized from 3 amino acids
-glycine
-arginine
-methionine
WHAT’S CREATINE AND
CREATININE
 Creatine and creatinine are not the same substance.
 Creatine is found the muscles.
 Creatinine is a break-down product(a waste product ) of
creatine phosphate and creatine in muscles, and is usually
product of fairly constant rate by the body depending on
the muscle mass.
CREATINE BIOSYNTHESIS
 It is synthesized from 3 amino acid
- glycine
-arginine
-methioine
 Site of biosynthesis
- Step 1 = Kidney
- Step 2 = Liver
 DISTRIBUTION OF BODY
CREATINE
From liver transported to other tissue
98% are present in skeletal and heart muscles.
In muscles gets converted high energy sources
creatine phosphate
METABOLISM OF CREATINE
 STEP 1
 The amidino group of arginine is transferred to glycine to form
guanido acetic acid [guanidine acetate]
 Catalyzed by amidotransferase
 It is seen in mitochondria of kidney and pancreas not in liver
 STEP 2
 Guanido acetic acid is methylated by S-adenosyl methionine by
methytransferase to form creatine.
 This methylation reaction takes place in liver.
 STEP 3
 Creatine is phosphorylated to creatine phosphate.
 The enzyme creatine kinase is present in muscle brain and liver. The
reaction needs hydrolysis of ATP
 .The stored creatine phosphate in the muscle serves as an immediate
store of energy in the muscle. During muscle contraction the energy is
first derived from ATP hydrolysis.
 Thereafter the ATP is regenerated by the hydrolysis of creatine
phosphate.
 This is called the Lohmann’s reaction.

 STEP 4
 The creatine phosphate may be converted to its anhydride, creatinine.
 It is a nonenzymatic spontaneous reaction.
CREATINE METABOLISM
 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CREATINE
AND CREATINE PHOSPHATE
Creatine and creatine phosphate exist in a
reversible equilibrium in skeletal muscle
In skeletal muscle approximately one fourth of
creatine exist as free creatine and three fourth exist
as creatine phosphate
 CREATINE PHOSPHATE
Creatine phosphate high energy phosphate compound.
Act as the storage form of energy in muscle.
Provides a small but ready source of energy during few minutes of intense
muscular contraction.
The amount creatine phosphate in the body is proportional to the muscle mass.
CREATINE DEGRADATION
Creatine and creatine phosphate spontaneously form creatinine as the end product
Creatinine is excreted in the urine
Serum creatinine is a sensitive indicator of kidney disease( Kidney function test)
Serum creatinine increase with the impairment of the kidney function
EXCRETION OF CREATINE
 Normal level of creatinine in human body
Male – 0.7 to 1.3 mg/dl
Female – 0.6 to 1.1 mg/dl
Infants - less than 0.5 mg/dl

 Creatine deficiency disorder ( CDDs )

 Inborn errors that effects the transportation and metabolism of creatine
 Guanidinoacetate merthyltransferase(GAMT) deficiency
 L-arginine;glycine aminotransferase(AGAT) deficiency
 Creatine transporter (CRTR) deficiency
It is typically present in all older children and adults
SUMMARY
 Creatine is an amino acid and it is a nitrogenous
organic acid
 It is synthesised from 3 amino acids
 It is highly found in muscle
 It are biosynthesis in liver and kidney
 It are excreted in the form of creatinine
 THANK YOU