EATING DISORDERS

CAUSES & EFFECTS

Outline

 Introduction
 Causes of Eating disorders
 Effects of Eating disorders
 Summary
 Conclusion
 Q&A
 References
Introduction

 Eating disorders are a group of psychological conditions characterized by abnormal or

disturbed eating habits, which can have severe consequences on an individual's physical
and mental health. These disorders include anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge-
eating disorder, among others. While they primarily manifest through unhealthy
relationships with food, the underlying causes are often complex, involving a combination
of genetic, psychological, socio-cultural, and biological factors.
 Developing effective prevention and treatment strategies are crucial, as these conditions
can lead to significant health complications and even be life-threatening. This essay will
explore the primary causes and far-reaching effects of eating disorders, supported by
evidence from various studies and research findings.
Types of eating disorder
 Causes
1. Genetic Factors:
Studies have shown that individuals with a family history of eating disorders are at a higher
risk of developing these conditions themselves. A Research by Bulik et al. (2007) indicates
that heritability estimates for anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa range between 50% and
80%. This suggests that genetic factors significantly contribute to the susceptibility to eating
disorders.
 Causes. Cont..
2. Psychological Factors
Psychological elements, such as low self-esteem, perfectionism, and anxiety, are critical in the
onset of eating disorders. Individuals with these psychological traits may use disordered eating
as a coping mechanism to gain a sense of control or to deal with emotional distress. Fairburn et
al. (2003) emphasize that cognitive-behavioral factors, including body dissatisfaction and an
obsessive drive for thinness, are central to the development of eating disorders.
 Effects
1. Psychological Factors:
Eating disorders significantly impact mental health, leading to depression, anxiety, and an
increased risk of suicide. Arcelus et al. (2011) reported that the suicide rate among individuals
with eating disorders is markedly higher than in the general population, with those suffering
from anorexia nervosa being particularly vulnerable. The chronic nature of these disorders
often results in long-term emotional distress and diminished quality of life.
 Effects. Cont..
2- Social and Occupational Impairment:
The social effects of eating disorders are substantial. Individuals may experience social
withdrawal, strained relationships, and difficulties in academic or professional settings.
Treasure et al. (2015) noted that stigma and misunderstanding surrounding eating disorders
contribute to social isolation and hinder recovery efforts, exacerbating the social impact of
these conditions.
Summary

 Eating disorders are complex conditions caused by a combination of genetic and

psychological. Their effects are far-reaching, impacting physical health, mental well-being
and social relationships.
Conclusion

 To sum up, Eating disorders are complex mental health conditions that significantly impact
physical health, emotional well-being, and social functioning.
 In my opinion, understanding these causes and effects is essential for developing
comprehensive treatment approaches and preventive measures. Continued research and
awareness are crucial to mitigating the profound impact of eating disorders on individuals
and society.
QUESTIONS?
References:

 1. Bulik, C. M., Sullivan, P. F., & Kendler, K. S. (2007). Genetic and environmental
contributions to obesity and binge eating. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 41(2),
186-189.
 2. Fairburn, C. G., Cooper, Z., Doll, H. A., O'Connor, M. E., Bohn, K., Hawker, D. M., ...
& Palmer, R. L. (2003). Transdiagnostic cognitive-behavioral therapy for patients with
eating disorders: A two-site trial with 60-week follow-up. American Journal of Psychiatry,
166(3), 311-319.
 3. Arcelus, J., Mitchell, A. J., Wales, J., & Nielsen, S. (2011). Mortality rates in patients
with anorexia nervosa and other eating disorders: A meta-analysis of 36 studies. Archives
of General Psychiatry, 68(7), 724-731.
 4. Treasure, J., Stein, D., & Maguire, S. (2015). Has the time come to classify eating
disorders as addiction? Current Neuropharmacology, 13(6), 818-823.
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