Chemistry:

Dye Composition
Patelo, Christine Joy S.
WHAT IS “DYE”?
WHAT IS “DYE”?
A dye is generally a colored
organic compound, having
property of firmly imparting colour
to other substances such as
textile fibers, wool, silk, leather,
paper, ink, toys, hair, foodstuff,
cosmetics, drugs etc.
ro
cti
I II III
n
Carbohydrates Proteins

IV
Nucleic acids
There are some substances that are themselves not
colored but they brighten the color imparted by another
dye, or they whiten a white substrate known as…

“White Dyes.”
4
PROPERTIES
OF DYE
 Colour

Soluibilty

Sustantivity/Reactivity

Color fastness
2
CLASSIFICATION
OF DYE
NATURAL DYE
SYNTHETIC DYE
NATURAL DYE
 The dyes that are originally obtained from
plants and animals and are used to colour the
cloth are called natural dyes.
NATURAL DYE
NATURAL DYE
 The dyes that are originally obtained from plants
and animals and are used to colour the cloth are
called natural dyes.

SYNTHETIC DYE

 The dyes that are produced industrially from

organic compounds.
SYNTHETIC DYE
SYNTHETIC DYE
Fun Fact!
Best known for his serendipitous discovery of the
first commercial synthetic organic dye,
mauveine, made from aniline.
COMPOSITION
OF DYE
Chromophore Auxochrome Additives

Solvent Fixatives /Mordants Carrier Agents

 DYE COMPOSITION
Chromophore Auxochrome
CHROMOPHORE
S & AUXOCHROMES
CHROMOPHORES
 Chrome – Color
 Phore – Impart
 Atom/Group
 Part of molecules
 Gives Color to molecule
 NO, NO2,N-N, C=O, C=S
NO, NO2,N-N, C=O, C=S

C HR O
AUXOCHROME
 Auxo- To Increase
 Chrome – Color
 Attached to Chromophore that modifies
it ability to absorb light
 Functional group (molecule)
 Intensify color (molecule)
 OH, COOH
OH, COOH
 Structure of a Dye is a group
1 Chromophore 2 Auxochrome

 Classified based on presented Chromophore in

molecule.

Ritrobenzene 4-Nitrophenol
SOLVENT OR
CARRIER
PURPOSE
 The solvent or carrier in dye formulation serves to
dissolve the dye and facilitate its application onto the
substrate.
 It helps ensure uniform dispersion and penetration of
the dye into the material being dyed.
COMMON TYPES OF
SOLVENT USED
 Water: Widely used for water-soluble dyes In textile.
 Organic Solvents: Used for dissolving oil-soluble dyes and
in certain industrial applications.
 Glycols: Commonly used as carriers in dye sublimation
printing.
 Surfactants: Sometimes used as carriers to improve dye
wetting and penetration.
SOLVENT/CARRIER
Considerations for
SOLVENT
 Solubility: To effectively dissolve the dye being used.
SELECTION
 Compatibility: To prevent damage or adverse reactions.
 Environmental Impact: Consider the environmental and
health implications of the solvent, opting for safer and more
sustainable options whenever possible.
Considerations for
SOLVENT
SELECTION
 Application Method: Select a solvent suitable for the chosen
application method, whether it's dyeing, printing, or coating.
 Dye Type: Different dyes may require specific solvents or
carriers based on their chemical properties and solubility
characteristics.
ADDITIVES
PURPOSE
 Additives play crucial roles in enhancing various aspects
of dye formulations, including stability, solubility,
dispersibility, and application properties.
Types of Additives &
FUNCTIONS:
 Surfactants
 Dispersants
 Stabilizers
 Antifoaming Agents
 Chelating Agents
MORDANTS
 MORDANTS
 Mordants are chemicals that bind with both the dye molecule
and the substrate, creating a strong and permanent bond
between the two.
 They serve as a bridge between the dye and the material
being dyed, enhancing dye uptake, adherence, and color
fastness.
NATURAL DYES
CARRIER AGENT
Application Methods Requiring
CARRIER AGENT
 Dye Sublimation: Transferring dye from a solid state
(sublimation dye) to a gas phase.
 Inkjet Printing: Control the viscosity and flow of the dye
ink, ensuring precise and controlled deposition onto the
printing substrate (e.g., paper, fabric).
Dye Sublimation

Inkjet Printing
DYE COMPOSITION
IMPORTANCE
 Color Control
 Application Techniques
 Environmental Considerations
 Regulatory Compliance
 Quality Assurance
CONCLUSION
In summary, understanding dye composition facilitates
color control, performance optimization, selection of application
techniques, consideration of environmental impacts, regulatory
compliance, and quality assurance. It underpins the entire
process of dye production, application, and usage across
various industries.

CREDITS: This presentation template was created by Slidesgo, and includes

icons by Flaticon, and infographics & images by Freepik
Thankyou
for
Listening!
CREDITS: This presentation template was created by Slidesgo, and includes
icons by Flaticon, and infographics & images by Freepik

Please keep this slide for attribution