The article "an" is

used before a noun

that starts with a
vowel letter
 Use "an" before a noun that starts
with a vowel letters (a, e, i, o, u)
an Apple an Elephant

an Island an Ocean

an Umbrella
 I need an orange for the recipe
(Here, "orange" starts with a vowel letter)
 She's an excellent singer
(Here, "excellent" starts with a
vowel letter
 He's an only child
Here, "only" starts with a vowel letter
 The article "a" is
used before a noun
that starts with a
consonant letters
 Use "a" before a noun that starts
with a consonant
(all letters except a, e , i , o , u)

a cat h o u se
a b o ok a car a
 Use "a" before a noun that starts
with a consonant cluster
(two or more consonants together)

a black car

a cluster of grapes
 I need a pen to write with
(Here, "pen" starts with the consonant letter "p“)
 He's a great player
(Here, "great" starts with the consonant
letter "g"
 He's a clever student
(Here, "clever" starts with the consonant
letter “c")
I'm reading a fascinating book

(Here, “fascinating book” starts

with consonant “f”
Once upon ____time, there lived ____ monkey on ____
oak tree. One day the monkey saw ____ old man with
____ bag. The naughty monkey snatched the bag. Inside
the bag was ____ apple, ____ pear, ____ olive and ____
carrot
It gave the apple to ____ bear and the pear to ____
elephant. It kept the olives and carrots inside ____ empty
box. While the monkey slept, ____ dog found the carrot
and stole it. the monkey was left with only ____ olive to
eat.
 The article "the" is
used before a noun to
indicate that the noun
is specific or previously
mentioned
Use "the" before a noun that refers to a specific,
previously mentioned thing
I'm reading a book. The book is very interesting
(Here, "the book" refers to the specific book
mentioned earlier)
 Use "the" before a noun
that refers to a unique or
singular thing
The sun is shining
(Here, "the sun" refers to
the one and only sun.)
The White House is in
Washington
(Here, "the White
House" refers to the
specific, singular
building)
 Use "the" before a noun
that refers to a group or
class of things
The dogs are barking
(Here, "the dogs" refers to
a specific group of dogs.)
 The people in the room are
waiting
(Here, "the people" refers to
a specific group of people)
Grandmother is ____ old lady. She got ____ house near
____ sea. ____ house has got____ beautiful garden.
There are ____ flowers and ____ tree in ____ garden.
_____ tree is ____ tall. It’s ____ apple tree. Grandmother
has got _____ cat, too. ____ cat is ____ white but it has
got black tail. It is _____ old cat but ____ grandmother
loves it very much.
 Omission of article

Before the names of relations

(father,uncle,sister)

Before the name of material

( gold, silver, diamond)
Before proper noun

Before abstract noun

Before language