Field Test Kit

National Rural Drinking Water Quality

Monitoring and Surveillance Programme

Ministry of Rural Development

Department of Drinking Water Supply

National Rural Drinking Water Quality
Monitoring & Surveillance Programme

 Launched in February 2006

 For the balance period of 10th Five Year
Plan
 State-wise projects sanctioned on the
basis of norms
Components of the programme

 IEC
 HRD
 Monitoring & Surveillance activities, which
includes field test kits (chemical and
bacteriological), strengthening of labs and
administrative expenses
 Community Contribution for O&M
 Total Estimated Cost of the
programme in balance 10th FYP
 Total estimated cost for the remaining 10th
Five Year Plan Period = Rs.269.88 crore
 Funds released = Rs. 57.84 crore
 Funds for IEC activities = Rs 24.00 crore
 For HRD activities = Rs 15.32 crore
 Cost of procurement of field test kits (14539 demo
kits and 35,000 operational kits) @ Rs 2500 per kit = Rs 12.38 crore
 bacteriological test kits @ Rs 18 per ki = Rs 5.46 crore
 Honorarium to district surveillance co-ordinator = Rs 0.26 crore
 SRI fees = Rs 0.42 crore
 Variables involved in arriving Cost
Norms and their sources
 Rural Population – As per Census 2001
 Number of Drinking water sources – As
per unvalidated Habitation Survey-2003
 Number of GPs, blocks and districts –
As per unvalidated Habitation Survey-
2003
Objectives of the Programme
 Monitoring and Surveillance of all drinking water
sources in the country by the community.
 Decentralization of water quality monitoring and
surveillance of all rural drinking water sources in
the country.
 Institutionalization of community participation and
involvement of PRIs for WQM&S
 Generation of awareness among the rural masses
about water quality problem and water borne
diseases.
 Building capacity of Panchayats to own the field test
kit and take up full O&M for WQM&S of all drinking
water sources.
Concept of Monitoring &
Surveillance (M&S)

 Monitoring – Laboratory and / or Spot

Testing of water samples collected from
different locations in the water supply
system including sources, water
treatment plants, distribution system
and house reservoirs.
Concept of Monitoring &
Surveillance

 Surveillance – Keeping a careful watch

at all times, from the public health point
of view over the safety and acceptability
of drinking water supply.
Key components of Surveillance

 A continues and systematic programme

of sanitary inspection and water quality
testing
 Monitoring
 Sanitary survey
 Data processing
 Evaluation
 Remedial and preventive action, and
 Institutional analysis
 Responsibilities for M&S

S.No Functionaries Monitoring Surveillance


1. Grass root level Grass root level Grass root level
workers/GP/VWSC workers/GP/VWSC

2. District level District labs of water District labs of

supply agencies Health
Departments
3. State level State labs/SRI State Health
Department
Strategy
 Constitution of National Rural Drinking Water
Quality Advisory Committee
 Identification of National Referral Institute - NICD
 Entering into MoU with NRI
 Training for State officials
 Identification of State level Referral Institute
 Linkages of water quality monitoring and
surveillance at all the levels – NRI, SWSM/SRI,
DWSM and GP/VWSC
 Identification/Registration of safe drinking water
sources in all rural habitations (GP wise)
Strategy (contd..2..)
 Taking up State and Region specific IEC activities
involving PRIs, Co-operatives, Women groups,
SHGs, NGOs by CCDU/SWSM
 HRD-Training at district, block and gram panchayat
levels
 10 % sample testing – At State level and
surveillance by State Health Departments
 30 % testing – At District level labs and surveillance
by District Health Departments
 Sanitary surveys
 100% testing of all sources at village level by grass
root level workers.
Institutional Mechanism
 At the Grass root level, the VWSC/GP will
identify 5 workers and a Co-ordinator for
testing drinking water using simple field testing
kits (ASHA/Anganwadi/Science teacher/VWSC
member/Panchayat member, etc.)
 Positive samples to be brought to District
laboratory by the GP Co-ordinator
 DWSM and the District laboratory would
administer IEC and HRD activities in the district
involving PRIs, reputed NGOs and in active co-
ordination with Health authorities at all levels.
Institutional Mechanism
(contd..2)
 Necessary restructuring of PHED may be done by
States like JE’s getting trained on water quality
testing is suggested in case chemists are not
available.
 The State Lab/SRI will cross-verify at least 10%
samples and also address complicated cases
(Pesticides, Insecticides, radio-active pollution
etc.)
 The SWSM would monitor the overall scenario and
administer IEC and HRD activities through the
CCDU.
Role and Responsibilities Department of
Drinking Water Supply (DDWS)

 The entire programme will be monitored by

DDWS as per the Implementation manual and
guidelines issued for this programme.
 Advisory role - National Rural Drinking Water
Quality Advisory Committee.
 Consultancy by National Referral Institute –
NICD, to act as consultants
 Providing training modules at all levels
 Evaluation of Field test kits
Role and Responsibilities of National
level Referral Institute (NRI)

 An MoU has been signed between NICD and DDWS.

 Technical consultancy would be provided by NICD
for this programme.
 Establishing linkages between water quality
monitoring and surveillance.
 Processing, interpreting and evaluating all data
pertaining to drinking water quality.
 Training of State level functionaries.
 Role and Responsibilities of State / State
Water and Sanitation Mission (SWSM)
 Identification of SRIs.
 Entering into MoU with SRIs – Model MoU circulated to States.
 Guide district level laboratories in successful implementation of the
programme.
 Provide feed back date on water quality along with information related to
quality consciousness and awareness
 Plan, execute and monitor the collection, testing and reporting of water
samples by state and district level laboratories.
 Data reporting as per the MIS provided by DDWS
 Promote people’s participation by involving target groups, educational
institutions, voluntary organizations, women etc.
 To consider the technical policy inputs referred by SRI.
 To refer complex and nationally important water quality problems to DDWS.
 IEC and HRD activities – Training for District level key trainers
 Identification of suitable resource institutions for imparting training , if
required
 Procurement of Field test kits
 Role and Responsibilities of State level
Referral Institute (SRI)

 Entering into MoU with State Govt.

 SRI would advise PHEDs/ Water Boards in setting up District
level Water Quality Testing labs.
 Identification and assessment of present facilities and needs
including financial requirements
 Strengthening of labs at district level
 Arrangement of hardware and other requirements
 Establishing linkages between Water quality monitoring and
surveillance activities
 Programme for training and development of human resources
 Guide the DWSM in the planning and implementation
activities of the programme.
 To refer the complex and nationally important water quality
problems to NRI
 Role and Responsibilities of District
Water and Sanitation Mission (DWSM)

 Provide facilities for routine analysis of physico-chemical and

bacteriological parameters relating to drinking water.
 Implement the action plan decided by State Government/ SRI
 Implementing the programme at village level
 Procurement of Field test kits, if desired by the State govt.
 Supervise the operation of field test kits supplied to GPs under
their jurisdiction and ensuring timely supply of chemicals and
glassware's
 Arrange periodical monitoring of bacteriological quality of water
from the sources in villages and report to State PHED for remedial
measures.
 To refer complex water quality problems beyond their control to
SRI/SWSM.
 IEC and HRD activities – Training for Block level key trainers
 Supervision of surveillance activities by District level surveillance
coordinators
Role and Responsibilities of GP/ Village
Water and Sanitation Committee (VWSC)

 Monitoring of all drinking water sources

 Sanitary survey
 Disinfection
 Recording keeping
 Communication to District labs/ Health authorities
for remedial action.
Operational Aspects of National Rural
Water Quality Monitoring and
Surveillance Programme

 Drinking water quality standards,

epidemiological and health aspects of water
quality, sampling procedures, specifications of
labs, role and responsibilities of different
functionaries could be followed as per the
Implementation Manual.
 Sampling frequency, IEC Action Plan, HRD
activities and Cost norms shall be followed as
per the Guidelines only. Implementation Manual
may be referred for directional aspects only.
 Parameters for testing
 At the State/District Lab :-
 Colour, odour, taste, pH, turbidity, hardness, TDS, alkalinity,
chloride, fluoride, nitrate, iron, arsenic, selenium, pesticides, MPN
and faecal coliforms, etc. in reference to IS-10500.
 Testing procedures as per Standards Methods /IS-2488, IS 3025.
 May initially examine all parameters and set only key parameters
for routine analysis.
 At GP using Field Test Kits
 As given at item-10.2.2 in the Implementation manual
 Includes analysis of turbidity, pH, hardness, chloride, iron,
nitrate, fluoride, residual chlorine, arsenic and bacteriological
quality (only for qualitative analysis)
 May restrict later on to region-specific elements only.
Sampling Frequency

 Quarterly for bacteriological parameter – as

per Implementation Manual.
 Once a year for chemical parameters – as per
guidelines
 Once a year – Sanitary survey
 Sampling Frequency – Sanitary Inspections
 Frequency depends on the types of sources
 Once in a year for wells, springs and piped water supplies by GRW
 Once initially and there after once every five years or as situation demands
by surveillance agency
 Quarterly for covered dug wells and shallow and deep tube wells
with hand pumps by GRW
 Once initially and there as situation demands by surveillance agency
 Once in a month for open well by GRW
 Once initially and there after as situation demands by surveillance agency
 Sampling Frequency – Sanitary Inspections

 Once in a month for Population up to 5000 by

GRW and two times in year by supply agency
 Once in a year in community rainwater
collection systems by GRW
IEC activities

 Inter-personal communication (door to door

contact)
 Audio-visual publicity
 Hoarding and wall writing etc
 Slogans, picture frames, group meetings,
street play, participatory rural appraisal and
exhibition may be used as a tools.
 To be operationalized through the CCDU/
SWSM
 Illustrative list of activities under HRD
 Training of VWSCs/GPs on
o Water quality issues including health related diseases
o Water quality monitoring
o Water quality surveillance
o Sanitation and hygiene

 Training of block, district level officers, State level

functionaries on
o Social mobilization
o Water quality monitoring and surveillance
o Sanitation and hygiene
HRD-Training

 No. of persons to be trained at State – 2 by NRI –

70 persons
 (one from State Govt and one from SRI)
 No. of persons to be trained at District –4 by SRI –
2368 persons
 No. of persons to be trained at Block-5 By DWSM –
31795 persons
 No. of persons to be trained at GP-5 grass root
level workers + 1 co-ordinator By Block – 1166670
GRWs + 233334 co-ord.
 HRD-Training – Cost Norms

 For State officials= Rs 1.92 lakh +TA/DA as per

Government rules per training course – 5 days duration
 For District officials = Rs 1.92 lakh +TA/DA (Rs 1500
for traveling expenses, Rs 100 per day for DA). TA/DA
be provided as per actual and Government rules- 5 days
duration
 For Block officials = Rs 30,000 inclusive of TA/DA per
course – 3 days duration.
 For Grass root level workers = = Rs 15,000 inclusive of
TA/DA per course – 2 days duration.
 Maximum of 25 persons per training course.
 Procurement of Field Testing Kits

 Procurement action may be decided by the SWSM.

 Field test kits for Demo purpose
 NICD =7, DDWS =3, State/SRI = 1, District = 3, Block=2 nos.

 Field test kits for regular monitoring at GP level

 Chemical FTK would be provided one per GP. At least one time sampling in a year.
 Bacteriological test kits would be provided for all sources and testing should be
done 4 times in a year.
 Maximum cost for chemical FTK – Rs.2500 per kit
 For bacteriological test kit – Rs.18/- per kit
 District Laboratories
 For establishing new lab – Rs 4 lakh.
 States are requested to immediately put up proposals separately as formation
of district lab is mandatory for implementation of the programme
 For strengthening of existing labs – initially Rs 1 lakh per lab could be
considered both for Centre sanctioned and State sanctioned Labs (Maximum
one lab per district or island).
 Any further strengthening of labs could be considered after SRI send its
proposal and the NRI recommends the same.
 Any further strengthening of labs (including specific arsenic testing facility in
affected districts) could be considered after SRI send its proposal and the NRI
recommends the same.
 Administrative Expenses

 Travel and transport at GP level – Rs 60 per quarter per GP (basis :: actual

costs as suggested by select States)
 Data reporting at district level laboratory (for acknowledgment and information
purposes) – 70 paise per sample.
 Stationery to GPs – Rs 50 per GP per year
 Honorarium to One district level surveillance co-ordinator – Rs 1500 per month –
Please select employee from local Health department.
 Technical consultancy fee to SRI – Rs 4.8 lakh per year
 Water testing, documentation and data entry fee to District Laboratories – Rs 90
per sample. It is estimated that 30% of total drinking water sources may be
required for testing. Therefore, costs per year has been calculated based on
number of drinking water sources reported.
 Community Contribution

 It is estimated that Re 1 may be required per family per month for the
following O&M costs :-
 Refilling cost of Field test kits – Rs 500 per GP
 Honorarium to 5 Grass root level workers @ Rs 500 per person per
annum
 Cost of disinfectants and minor remedial expenses = Rs 1500 per annum
per GP
 Annuity cost (for procuring kit after expiry of Govt. provided FTK) = Rs
250 per GP per year.
 Honorarium to one GP Co-ordinator who co-ordinates activities of the 5
grass root level workers – Rs 1200 per annum.
 Funds Flow

 For IEC and HRD activities :: Centre to SWSM(CCDU), State to

decide further funds flow.
 For strengthening of laboratories :: Centre to PHED/Board
and then to DWSC/District labs.
 Field testing kits :: Centre to State/Board. State to decide
procurement strategy.
 Administrative expenses :: Centre to State/Board. State to
administer funds flow as per Cost norms indicated in the
Guidelines.
 Community contribution :: Funds for IEC may also be used to
make them to own the kits and take up full O&M. They may
use the existing bank accounts of TSC or Swajaldhara
programmes, with separate ledger.
 Monitoring and MIS

 District laboratory is the primary agent for electronic data entry, based on
verification of data from FTKs.
 All district labs not having PC and accessories may send proposals under MIS
programme
 Suitable MIS software is under preparation by DDWS and will be given to all
States/districts for on-line monitoring.
 Involvement of Health officials for disease surveillance and updating of records by
the district labs is mandatory.
 SRI to specifically look into the data generated from districts and advise the State
Govt. (PHED).
 SRI to refer complicated cases to NRI.
 DDWS to monitor overall implementation of the programme
 Monitoring

 Monitoring through regular field inspection by the State

and District officials
 Monitoring by Review Missions of GoI
WATER
Warrants Adequate Testing for
Effective Regulation of quality

Thank you…….