Geography

Mongolia
 Do your parents use a

Share your sattelite navigational

system in their car?

map reading
Have you ever been on
a hiking expedition and
used a map as a guide?

experience!
Describe a map that you've seen.
What was the reason why you were
observing the map? What is the story
of the map?
 New York 4,496KM

Sydney 12,073KM

Manila 11,759KM

Pa r i s 9 0
88KM
Geographic Location
• Mongolia is a landlocked country located in Central Asia
and East Asia. It is bordered by Russia to the north and
China to the south, east, and west. The exact geographic
coordinates of Mongolia are approximately 46.8625° N
latitude and 103.8467° E longitude.
 Geographic Features
Mongolia is characterized by diverse geographic
features, including vast steppes, high mountains, and
expansive deserts. The Altai Mountains extend in the
western part of the country, while the Gobi Desert 1 Altai Mountains
.
dominates the southern region. The country also has 2. Gobi Desert
several freshwater lakes and numerous rivers, such as 3. Khangai Mounta
in s
the Selenge and Orkhon. ö
4. Lake Khövsg

5 Orkhon River
. S a ik h a n M o u n ta in s
6 Gu r v a n
.
r e a t L a k e s D e p r e ssion
7 G
.
 Climate
Mongolia experiences a continental climate characterized by
extreme temperature variations between summer and winter.
Winters are harsh and cold, with temperatures often dropping
below -40°C (-40°F), while summers are relatively short and
warm. The Gobi Desert influences the climate in the south,
contributing to arid conditions.
 Natural Resources
Mongolia is rich in natural resources, including
minerals and raw materials. The country is known
for its substantial reserves of coal, copper, gold,
uranium, and other minerals. These resources play
a significant role in the country's economy and
have led to increased interest in mining activities.
 Environmental Issues
Resource Exploitation and
Mining Impact
Mongolia faces environmental
challenges stemming from resource
exploitation, especially in the mining
sector. Rapid economic growth has led to
increased mining activities, contributing
to issues such as deforestation, habitat
degradation, and soil erosion. The
extraction of minerals, including coal,
copper, and gold, poses risks to
ecosystems and biodiversity.
Nomadic Herding
Practices and Land
Degradation
Traditional nomadic herding practices, while
integral to Mongolia's culture, have
contributed to environmental issues.
Overgrazing by livestock can lead to land
degradation, soil erosion, and
desertification. The delicate balance
between sustaining the nomadic way of life
and preserving the environment poses
ongoing challenges for sustainable land
management and conservation efforts.
 Flora and fauna
A compass is a devices used in navigation.

Mongolia's vast steppes are home to
a variety of flora and fauna adapted
to the grassland environment. This
includes species like wild grasses,
wildflowers, and herbs. Nomadic
herding animals such as sheep,
goats, horses, and yaks graze on the
steppes, forming an essential part of
the ecosystem.
The mountainous regions of Mongolia,
including the Altai, Khangai, and
Gurvan Saikhan Mountains, host diverse
flora and fauna. Alpine meadows feature
a range of plant species adapted to the
high-altitude environment, while
wildlife includes ibex, argali sheep,
snow leopards, and various bird species.
The Gobi Desert, despite its arid
conditions, supports unique flora and
fauna adapted to the harsh environment.
Plant life includes drought-resistant
shrubs and grasses, while wildlife
features species like the wild Bactrian
camel, Gobi bear, and various reptiles.
The Gobi's distinct ecosystems
contribute to the overall biodiversity of
Mongolia.
Terrain
1 Mongolia boasts rugged mountains such as the Altai, Khangai,
. and Gurvan Saikhan, offering diverse landscapes with high
peaks, alpine meadows, and deep valleys.
The central region is dominated by vast steppes, expansive
2. flat grasslands that have historically supported a nomadic
herding culture.
3 Southern Mongolia is home to the Gobi Desert, characterized by
. sand dunes, rocky plateaus, and gravel plains, presenting unique
challenges due to its arid climate. The western Great Lakes
Depression contributes to varied terrain with interconnected lakes
and low-lying areas.
Thank you!