JOSE RIZAL'S TRIAL

AND EXECUTION
JOSE RIZAL'S JOURNEY
TO KANGAROO COURT

• HE LEFT MANILA ON SEPTEMBER

3 TO BARCELONA.
• GOVERNOR BLANCO ISSUED TWO
LETTERS OF RECOMMENDATION
TO MINISTERIO DE ULTRAMAR IN
SPAIN SAYING THAT RIZAL IS
CLEARED OF ANY CONNECTION
TO REVOLUTION IN MANILA
JOSE RIZAL'S JOURNEY
TO KANGAROO COURT

• WHEN THE BOAT ISLA DE PANAY

ARRIVED IN SINGAPORE, HE WAS
URGED BY HIS TWO MET
PASSENGERS TO ESCAPE IN
SINGAPORE TO SAVE HIS LIFE BUT
HE REFUSED.
JOSE RIZAL'S JOURNEY
TO KANGAROO COURT

• BEFORE REACHING MALTA, HE

WAS INFORMED THAT HE WILL BE
ARRESTED AND DETAINED
BECAUSE OF A FILE CHARGED
AGAINST HIM AND WAS ADVISED
TO STAY IN THE CABIN.
• REACHED BARCELONA ON
OCTOBER 3.
JOSE RIZAL'S JOURNEY
TO KANGAROO COURT

• HE WAS DETAINED TEMPORARILY

AND AFTER INTERROGATION, HE
WAS ADVISED TO BE BROUGHT
BACK TO THE PHILIPPINES ON THE
SAME DAY WITH THE SHIP COLON.
JOSE RIZAL'S JOURNEY
TO KANGAROO COURT

• DURING HIS JOURNEY TO MANILA,

A FRIENDLY OFFICER TOLD RIZAL
THAT NEWSPAPERS WERE FULL OF
STORIES ABOUT THE BLOODY
REVOLUTION IN THE PHILIPPINES
AND AUTHORITIES WERE
BLAMING HIM FOR IT.
JOSE RIZAL'S JOURNEY
TO KANGAROO COURT

• AFTER LANDING IN MANILA ON

NOVEMBER 3, HE WAS
IMPRISONED TO THE FORT
SANTIAGO AS
"INCOMMUNICADO".
JOSE RIZAL'S JOURNEY
TO KANGAROO COURT

• ON NOVEMBER 20 ON HIS
PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION HE
WAS INTERROGATED OF BEING
RESPOSIBLE FOR THE OUTCRY OF
REVOLUTION AND WAS NOT
PERMITTED TO CONFRONT THOSE
WHO TESTEFIED AGAINST HIM.
JOSE RIZAL'S JOURNEY
TO KANGAROO COURT

• TWO KINDS OF EVIDENCES WERE

PRESENTED:
• 15 DOCUMENTARY
• 15 TESTEMONIAL
 JOSE RIZAL'S JOURNEY
TO KANGAROO COURT

• RECOMMENDATION AS PRESENTED:
• THE ACCUSED BE BROUGHT TO TRIAL.
• HE SHOULD BE KEPT IN PRISON
• AN ORDER OF ATTACHMENT BE ISSUED
AGAINSTS HIS PROPERTIES TO THE
AMOUNT OF 1M AS INDEMNITY.
• HE SHOULD BE DEFENDED IN COURT BY
AN ARMY OFFICER, NOT BY CIVILIAN
LAWYER.
 JOSE RIZAL'S JOURNEY
TO KANGAROO COURT

• DON LUIS TAVIEL DE ANDRADE - SERVED

AS HIS DEFENDER IN COURT. BROTHER
OF JOSE RIZAL'S BODY GUARD IN
CALAMBA.
 JOSE RIZAL'S JOURNEY
TO KANGAROO COURT

• DON LUIS TAVIEL DE ANDRADE - SERVED

AS HIS DEFENDER IN COURT. BROTHER
OF JOSE RIZAL'S BODY GUARD IN
CALAMBA.
 JOSE RIZAL'S JOURNEY
TO KANGAROO COURT

• ON DECEMBER 11, CHARGED WERE READ

AGAINST HIM AND RIZAL REPLIED:
• HE DID NOT QUESTION THE JURISDICTION
OF THE COURT.
• HE HAD NOTHING TO AMEND, EXCEPT
THAT SINCE HIS DEPORTATION TO DAPITAN
HE HAD NOT ENGAGED IN POLITICS.
• HE DID NOT ADMIT THE CHARGES AGAINST
HIM.
 JOSE RIZAL'S JOURNEY
TO KANGAROO COURT

• ON DECEMBER 11, CHARGED WERE READ AGAINST

HIM AND RIZAL REPLIED:
4. HE DID NOT ADMIT THE DECLARATION OF THE
WITNESSES AGAINSTS HIM.
5. LA LIGA FILIPINA WAS A CIVIC ORGANIZATION THAT
SEEKS TO REFORM NOT A REVOLUTIONARY GROUP.
6. HE EVEN ADVISED PIO VALENZUELA TO NOT PURSUE
THE PLANNED REVOLUTION.
7. IF HE WAS A TRUE TRAITOR, HE COULD HAVE
ESCAPED IN DAPITAN OR SINGAPORE.
 JOSE RIZAL'S JOURNEY
TO KANGAROO COURT

• ON DECEMBER 26 - HE WHO WAS

ACCUSTOMED TO SPEND HIS MERRY
SEASON WITH HIS FAMILY FOUND HIMSELF
ALONED AND DEPRESSED IN A DREARY
CELL.
 JOSE RIZAL'S JOURNEY
TO KANGAROO COURT

• RIZAL WAS ACCUSED OF THREE CRIMES:

• REBELLION
• SEDETION
• ILLEGAL ASSOCIATION.
 JOSE RIZAL'S JOURNEY
TO KANGAROO COURT

• RIZAL'S TRIAL AND HIS ALLEGED GUILT:

• RIZAL WAS A CIVILIAN BUT WAS TRIED BY A MILITARY
TRIBUNAL.
• ALL ALLEGATIONS AGAINST RIZAL WERE ACCEPTED BY THE
COURT BUT NOT THE ARGUMENTS AND EVIDENCES IN HIS
FAVOR.
• RIZAL WAS NOT ALLOWED TO CONFRONT WITNESS AGAINST
HIM NOR HIS COUNSEL TO CROSSE EXAMINE THEM
• EVIDENCE TO CONVICT DID NOT HAVE ANY BEARING ON HIS
ALLEGED COMMISSION OF THE COMPLEX CRIME OF
REBELLION.
 JOSE RIZAL'S JOURNEY
TO KANGAROO COURT

• RIZAL'S TRIAL AND HIS ALLEGED GUILT:

• RIZAL WAS A CIVILIAN BUT WAS TRIED BY A
MILITARY TRIBUNAL.
• ALL ALLEGATIONS AGAINST RIZAL WERE
ACCEPTED BY THE COURT BUT NOT THE
ARGUMENTS AND EVIDENCES IN HIS FAVOR.
• RIZAL WAS NOT ALLOWED TO CONFRONT
WITNESS AGAINST HIM NOR HIS COUNSEL TO
CROSSE EXAMINE THEM
• EVIDENCE TO CONVICT DID NOT HAVE ANY
BEARING ON HIS ALLEGED COMMISSION OF THE
COMPLEX CRIME OF REBELLION.
 JOSE RIZAL'S JOURNEY
TO KANGAROO COURT

• THE TRIAL OF JOSE RIZAL:

• AFTER A SHORT DELIBERATION, THE SEVEN
MEMBERS OF THE MILITARY COURT VOTED
UNANIMOUSLY FOR THE DEATH OF RIZAL ON
THE SAME DAY.
• GOVERNADOR POLAVIEJA SIGNED RIZAL'S
EXECUTION. HE APPROVED APPROVED THE
DECISION OF THE COURT MARTIAL AND
ORDERED THE EXECUTION OF JOSE RIZAL ON
THE 30TH OF DECEMBER AT BAGUMBAYAN.
 “I die without seeing the dawn brighten over my native
land. You who have it to see, welcome it – and forget not
those who have fallen during the night.”