THE PERIODIC

TABLE
WHAT DOES IT TELL US?
HOW CAN WE USE IT?
WHAT IS IT EXACTLY?

An arrangement of elements based on their

atomic number and properties
 WARM UP QUESTIONS – PTABLE.COM

• How many elements are there?

• How many groups are there?
• What do the numbers above the element symbol mean? What is this
number called?
• What do the numbers below the element symbol mean? What is this
number called? Why is it sometimes not a whole number?
• What is the only element that is never a solid?
• What elements are liquid at room temperature?
WHAT DO THE NUMBERS MEAN?

Atomic number / Proton number – the

number of protons the element has

Element symbol

Atomic mass – the (average) mass of the

atom. Found by adding the number of
protons and neutrons.
 HOW IS IT ARRANGED?

• Periods – the number of electron shells the atom has

• Groups – the number of valence electrons the atom
has
• Valence electrons – the electrons in the outer shell
that are available for reactions.
ELECTRONS IN AN ATOM

• Found in shells around the nucleus

• Different shells can contain different numbers of electrons
• Atoms want a full outer shell. This allows them to be stable.
• How do they do this?
• Once a shell is full, a new shell is formed
• If an atom becomes charged (by losing or gaining an electron), it
becomes an ion.
THE BOHR MODEL

• A visual aid in
understanding electron
arrangement.
• This is not actually how
atoms look in real life!
 REACTIVITY

• the relative capacity of an atom, molecule, or radical to

undergo a chemical reaction with another atom, molecule,
or compound.
• In other words….
• A measure of how easily something will react with
something else
 SO WHY DO THINGS REACT?

• They want a full outer shell

• They do this by losing, gaining, or sharing electrons.
• When this happens, bonds are formed.
• There are different types of bonds (that you will learn
more about in Grade 10)
 TRENDS OF THE TABLE
• We can see different trends as we move through the periodic
table. These can be explained using what you have learned about
atoms.
• Discuss what trends you would see with the following.
• Mass
• Size / diameter
• Reactivity
DISCUSSION ACTIVITY:

1.In groups of 4, choose a scribe to write notes on a

question. Other members will give ideas
2.Mix up groups, but the scribe stays with the notes.
Scribe will explain to the new group what the old group
discussed.
3.New question – new scribe. Same process as before…
POSSIBLE QUESTIONS…REMEMBER

• Details
• Scientific reasoning
• Examples where possible
• Diagrams
DISCUSSION QUESTION:

• Explain what happens as you move right

along the periods.
DISCUSSION QUESTION:

• Explain what happens as you move down

group 1.
DISCUSSION QUESTION:

• Explain what happens as you move down

group 7
DISCUSSION QUESTION:

• Explain why balloons are filled with helium

instead of hydrogen.
DISCUSSION QUESTION:

• Explain why fluorine is very reactive while

neon isn’t.
DISCUSSION QUESTION:

• Suggest a reason why Carbon is the key

element to life. What other elements do
scientists believe could support life on other
planets?
DISCUSSION QUESTION:

• A long time ago, some people thought it

might be possible to turn lead into gold.
Describe why this might seem possible to
people at the time?
PERIODIC TABLE TREND VIDEOS

• Explain a trend of the periodic table (max 5min)

• Complete by the end of the class
PERIODIC TABLE TREND VIDEOS

• Clearly state what trend you will be explaining

• Explain with enough details the trend
• Give examples of the trend using different elements
• You can prepare some visuals
• Upload your video on flipgrid