Unit 7

Acids and
Grade 6
alkalis
 To know what are Acids and
Alkalis.
 To learn Examples of Acids and
Alkalis.
To learn to Identify Acids and
Alkalis.
To know what is the pH scale.
To know what is Neutralisation.
To learn to investigate Acids and
Alkalis.
 7.1 - Acids and Alkalis

ve s in
d i s sol
s t ance olution
a sub e s a s
n k
Whe ter it ma
wa
 i d? ??
an Ac
t i s
Wha

Acids are group

of soluble
chemicals

What do you know about

acids??

Are all acids

dangerous??
 Many things contain acid

Sharp taste
Some foods contain
acid and they have -

Tangy taste

Sour taste

Lemon
tastes sour.
It contains
citric acid.
 Examples of food containing
acids

Orange
LEMON

Tomato
BLUE PLUMS Tamarind
 Common acids in the
laboratory….

Acetic acid
Sulfuric acid

Hydrochloric
Nitric acid
acid
Acids can be diluted with water to make them less
dangerous

Dilute acids are still harmful or irritant. The bottles have hazard
warning labels

If you spill the acid, wash the area with lots of

water
 l i ?? ?
an Alka
t i s
Wha
 Common alkalis in the
laboratory….
l k a l is
n d a r
i d s a o t h e
Ac e a c h
a n c el i x e d
c en m
wh her…
t o g et

Ammonium
Sodium
hydroxide
hydroxide Potassium
hydroxide
 Alkalis cause chemical burn

n b e
l i s ca
Alka ed with
dilut make it
t e r t o u s
w a g ero
a n
less d
 Working safely with acids and
alkalis
Points to remember when you handle
chemicals…

Wear
sa
so tha fety glasses,
t no th
into yo ing g e
u r ey es ts
p to e top
d u ot bottl ou
t an on a ce as y e
S rk t t o l
Rep soon ing th
wo ill on as h u s
s e
s p ou fini bottl
y
 These containers
ice
7.2 – Is it an acid or an alkali? ag e ju
an contain water, acid and
b s
d cab sed a ind alkali…
Re be u to f r
r
can icato acid o
ind ther li
e
wh alka

o t ,
e t ro ant
Be curr
l ack also
b re r s !
a ato
dic
i n
Litmus
Litmus paper is a very common indicator. It is a dye. Litmus turns red in acids and
blue in alkalis. Litmus turns purple when it is a neutral substance. Water is neutral.
Neutral substance means neither acid nor alkali.
Litmus shows if a substance 7.3 – The pH scale
is an acid or an alkali

Universal Indicator
shows how acidic or
alkaline a substance is
 Strength of acids and alkali
is measured on the pH scale

c at or
l I ndi d
e r s a r a n
Univ es colou f a
g o
chan s the pH
Colour chart for Universal show bstance
Indicator showing the pH su
scale
 Strips of paper soaked in
Universal Indicator solution
and then dried. The papers
have then been dipped into
different liquids
7.4 – Neutralisation

Acids and alkali can cancel

each other to make a
neutral solution

This is called neutralisation

 If you add too much If you add too little
acid to an alkali, it acid to an alkali, it
makes an acidic liquid stays an alkaline liquid

s l owly
ve r y a
ac i d s a t
Add few drop hen
a w
and o judge tral
i m e t neu
t om e s
b e c
it
 7.5 – Neutralisation in action

Indigestion – when Toothpaste – It

stomach produces to contains alkali and this
much acid. You can helps to neutralise the
take medicines acid

Growing crops – Lime

is added to acidic soil,
to neutralize the acid
 7.6 – Investigating acids and
alkali
o n s or
q u est i
s ki ng a t i o n
 A investig u s t be
i o n m f a ir
ti g a t it a
v e s a k e
 In e d t o m
n test ded in a
plan
r e c or
s ar e
e sul t b le v ide
 R t a o p r o
s e d t h e
ar e u e r t
s u l t s o a n sw
 Re idence t n being
ev e s ti o
q u i g at ed
t
inves
4.1 – What is a species?
4.1 – What is a species?
 Species are named by a 2 –
word Latin name

Homo sapiens (Latin name)

– thinking humans
4.2 – Variation in a
species?
4.3 – Investigating
Variation