INTRODUCTION Unit 3:Part B

TO INDIVIDUAL Personality dynamics

DIFFERENCES
 LEARNING OUTCOMES ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
1. Demonstrate an SECTION A: Self-concept
understanding of the 1.1. Sketch a conceptual model for the study of individual
conceptual model of individual differences.
differences.
1.2. Define self-concept.
2.1. Discuss the following concepts by means of a
2. Differentiate concepts definition, research findings and practical implications:
pertaining to the conceptual • Self-esteem
model of individual differences. • Self-efficacy
• Self-monitoring
• Locus of control
2.2. Sketch the self-efficacy model accurately.
 LEARNING OUTCOMES ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
SECTION B: Personality
3.1. Define personality.
3.2. Explain the main proponents of the Big Five
3. Discuss the different Personality Theory.
personality theories.
3.3. Explain the main proponents of Jung’s typologies.
3.4. Explain the main proponents of the Myers Briggs
Type Indicator (MBTI).
3.5. Review the difference between the trait theories and
the type theories briefly.
What are the self concepts that makes up a person’s personality?
ASPECTS RELATING TO PERSONALITY
ASPECTS RELATING TO PERSONALITY
TRAIT THEORIES: CATTEL’S 16PF
(NOT FOR STUDY PURPOSES)
 CATTEL’S 16PF
Factor High score description Low score description
A Outgoing Reserved
B More intelligent (abstract thinker) Less intelligent (concrete thinker)
C Emotionally stable Emotionally unstable
E Dominant (assertive) Submissive (humble)
F Optimistic Pessimistic
G Conscientious Expedient
H Adventurous Timid
I Tender-minded Tough-minded
L Suspicious Trusting
M Imaginative Practical
N Shrewd Forthright
O Apprehensive (insecure) Self-assured
Q1 Experimenting Conservative
Q2 Self-sufficient Group-dependent
Q3 Controlled Undisciplined (casual)
Q4 Tense (frustrated) Relaxed (tranquil)
TRAIT THEORIES: BIG FIVE PERSONALITY
THEORY
 TRAIT THEORIES: BIG FIVE PERSONALITY THEORY
HIGH LOW

EXTRAVERT outgoing INTROVERT

talkative sociable reserved quiet
assertive Extraversion introverted

ADAPTER trusting CHALLENGER rude

good-natured co- cold uncaring
operative soft-hearted Agreeableness unsympathetic
forgiving

FLEXIBLE sloppy
FOCUSED dependable
inefficient careless
responsible
disorganised easily
achievement-oriented Conscientiousness distracted
persistent

STABLE self- UNSTABLE anxious

confident relaxed
secure unworried
Emotional stability depressed angry
indecisive

EXPLORER PRESERVER
intellectual Openness to experience unimaginative
imaginative curious Openness to experience conventional habit-bound
broad-minded
TYPE THEORIES: JUNG’S TYPOLOGIES

Carl Jung identified 3 dimensions:

 What to you see on picture B

B
A
TYPE THEORIES: JUNG’S TYPOLOGIES
TYPE THEORIES: JUNG’S TYPOLOGIES
MYERS BRIGGS TYPE INDICATOR (MBTI)

1.How people perceive

Sensing
Intuiting
2.How people judge
Thinking
MBTI
Feeling Carl Jung
3.How people look at the world
Extraverts
Introverts
4.How to allocate time priorities
Perceiving
Judging
MYERS BRIGGS TYPE INDICATOR (MBTI)
MYERS BRIGGS TYPE INDICATOR (MBTI)
PERSONALITY TYPES (EXAMPLES)
 PERSONALITY TYPES BASED ON MYERS AND BRIGG’S
PERSONALITY MODEL
ST-TYPES NT-TYPES SF-TYPES NF-TYPES
Preference Sensing and Intuiting and Sensing and Intuiting and
thinking thinking feeling feeling
Focus of Realities Possibilities Realities Possibilities
attention
Way of handling Objective Objective Personal warmth Personal warmth
things analysis analysis
Tendency to Practical and Logical and Sympathetic and Enthusiastic and
become matter-of-fact analytical friendly insightful
Expression of Technical skills Theoretical and Practical help Understanding
abilities with objects and technical and services to and
facts developments people communicating
with people
Representative Applied science Physical science Health care Behavioural
occupations Business Research Community science
Administration Management service Research
Banking Computers Teaching Literature
Law enforcement Law Supervision Art and Music
Production Engineering Religious service Religious service
Construction Technical work Office work Health care
Sales Teaching
 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TRAIT THEORIES AND
TYPE THEORIES

TRAIT THEORIES TYPE THEORIES

Aim to reduce the existing amount of Aim to identify different personality

personality traits in a smaller set of types based on common patterns of
dimensions characteristics between people

Traits belong to people People belong to types