From Salyut to the

International Space Station

 Chapter Overview
• Lesson 1: From Salyut to the International
Space Station
• Lesson 2: The Future in Space
• Lesson 3: Space in Your Daily Life

Chapter 5, Lesson 1
 Lesson Overview
• Salyut Space Program
• Skylab Space Program
• Mir Space Station
• International Space Station

Chapter 5, Lesson 1
 Salyut Space Program
• Almaz first design of a Russian
space station
• Salyut 1
– First space station to enter orbit
– April 19, 1971
– Soyuz 11 first to dock for three
weeks
• Salyut 2
– Lost altitude and depressurized
Chapter 5, Lesson 1 Photo courtesy of SPUTNIK/Alamy Stock Photo
 Salyut Space Program, cont.
• Salyut 3, 4, and 5 supported five crews
• Salyut 6
– Most successful
– Supported 16 crews
• Salyut 7
– Final space station
– Crew left in 1986
– Deorbited in 1991
Chapter 5, Lesson 1 Photo courtesy of NASA
 Skylab Space Program
• United States first space
station

• Launched May 14, 1973

• Constructed with
repurposed hardware
from Apollo and Saturn

Photo courtesy of NASA

Chapter 5, Lesson 1
 Skylab Missions
• Skylab 1
– Unmanned launch
– Meteoroid shield torn off
• Skylab 2
– Repaired Skylab 1
• Skylab 3
– 60-day mission
– Three crew members
• Skylab 4
– Final mission of the program
– 84-day mission
Photo courtesy of NASA
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
 Key Skylab Projects
• Solar experiment program
• Observation of stellar objects
• Studied interstellar dust
• Observed Comet Kohoutek
• Recorded energetic particles in
Van Allen belt

Chapter 5, Lesson 1 Photo courtesy of NASA

 Mir Space Station
• Permanent Soviet
presence in space
• Research facility
• Launched February
20, 1986
• Huge success

Photo courtesy of NASA

Chapter 5, Lesson 1
 Mir Space Station, cont.
• Longest Mir mission was 366 days
– Vladimir Titov
– Musa Manarov
• Longest time in space was 439 days
– Valery Polyakov
• Orbited with crew until 1999
• Deorbited in 2001

Chapter 5, Lesson 1
 International Space Station
• Collaboration of 5 space agencies:
– NASA
– Roscosmos
– ESA
– JAXA
– CSA
• Supported by 15 countries
Photo courtesy of NASA
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
 ISS Facts
• ISS cost $150 billion
• Took 12 years to build
• Orbits 250 miles above Earth
• Completes orbit every 90
minutes
• Mission control in Houston,
TX and Moscow, Russia

Photo courtesy of NASA

Chapter 5, Lesson 1
 Components of the ISS
• Total of 34 components assembled over 100
space launches
• Zarya
– Guidance, propulsion, power, and storage
– Oldest component
• Unity module
• Construction took over 200
astronauts
Chapter 5, Lesson 1 Photo courtesy of NASA
 The Crew of the ISS
• First crew went October 31, 2000
• ISS has been occupied ever since
• Over 230 people from 18
countries have visited
• Russian Soyuz and SpaceX Dragon
shuttles people to the ISS

Chapter 5, Lesson 1 Photo courtesy of NASA

 Future of the ISS
• ISS slated to reach end
of its life in 2024
• NASA looking at lower
cost options
• Evaluating possible
extension to 2028
• ISS costs $3-4 billion
annually for US
Photo courtesy of NASA
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
 Summary
• Salyut Space Program
• Skylab Space Program
• Mir Space Station
• International Space Station

Chapter 5, Lesson 1
 Next…
• Done – from Salyut to the International
Space Station
• Next – future in space

Photo courtesy of Shutterstock

Chapter 5, Lesson 1