Introduction to MOSFET

• MOSFET is a basic building block in the design of VLSI

circuits
• Field effect /voltage controlled device
• Simple gate drive
• Simpler topology results in higher packaging density
• High input impedance => Low power operation
 nMOS
Four terminals: gate, source, drain, body
Gate – oxide – body stack looks like a capacitor
• Gate and body are conductors
• SiO2 (oxide) is a very good insulator
• Called metal – oxide – semiconductor (MOS) capacitor
• Even though gate is no longer made of metal*
Source Gate Drain
Polysilicon
SiO2

n+ n+
Body
p bulk Si
 pMOS
Similar, but doping and voltages reversed
• Body tied to high voltage (VDD)
• Gate low: transistor ON
• Gate high: transistor OFF
• Bubble indicates inverted behavior
Source Gate Drain
Polysilicon
SiO2

p+ p+

n bulk Si
 Basic gates
Transistors Symbol

nMOS – Strong 0 / Weak 1

pMOS – Strong 1 / Weak 0
CMOS Logic
CMOS Logic
Series and Parallel Transistors
CMOS NAND
CMOS NOR
 Compound Gates

CMOS Combinational Logic

• use DeMorgan relations to reduce functions
• remove all NAND/NOR operations
• implement nMOS network
• create pMOS by complementing operations
• AOI/OAI Structured Logic
• XOR/XNOR using structured logic
Compound Gates
Compound Gates
 Compound Gates
Sketch a static CMOS gate computing Y = (A + B + C) · D
 Compound Gates
Sketch a static CMOS gate computing Y = (A + B + C) · D
Thank You