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LEARN not to BURN

KNOW FIRE NO FIRE

Prepared by: Torpedo Fire Safety School 3

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 CLASSES OF FIRE (as NFPA STANDARD)

CLASS A FIRE

CLASS B FIRE

CLASS C FIRE

CLASS D FIRE

CLASS K FIRE

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 CLASSES OF FIRE
• Fire is classified according to the nature of fuel involved

• The most appropriate extinguishing agent can be decided

as well as avoiding unwanted side-effects

• US has NFPA fire classification while UK has BS fire

classification

• NFPA has liquid and gaseous fires as class B fires

• BS has gaseous fire as class C fire

• Fat and cooking oil fire is class K as per NFPA while class F
as per BS
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 CLASSES OF FIRE (AS PER NFPA STANDARDS)

CLASS A FIRE

• General combustible solids fuel fire as wood, cloth,

paper and plastic fire

• It is deep seated fire

• It gives white smoke and leaves ash

• Primary extinguishing agent is water, DCP and AFFF

can be used

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 CLASSES OF FIRE
CLASS B FIRE Liquid and gaseous fuel fire

• Liquid fuel fire as petrol, diesel, oil paint, kerosene oils

• Give dense black smoke

• It burns on surface of the liquid only

• Primary extinguishing agent is AFFF, DCP can be used

• Never use water on class B fire

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 CLASSES OF FIRE

CLASS B
FIRE
• Fire involving combustible gases as Methane, Ethane,
Butane, Hydrogen and Acetylene etc.

• It gives uniform flame and burns completely

• It never gives smoke and does not leave ash

• Oxygen gas helps in burning while carbon dioxide gas

extinguishes the fire

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 CLASSES OF FIRE
CLASS D FIRE

• Fire involving combustible metals such as sodium,

potassium, uranium, lithium, plutonium and calcium

• The most common class D fires involve magnesium and

titanium

• It gives glowing flame and very high temperature

• Extinguishing agent is special DCP

• Never use water on class D fire

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 CLASSES OF FIRE
CLASS K FIRE

• Involve unsaturated cooking oils in well-insulated cooking

appliances located in commercial kitchens

• Water mist can be used to extinguish such fires

• Appropriate fire extinguishers may also have hoods over

them that help extinguish the fire

• Sometimes fire blankets are used

to stop a fire in a kitchen

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CONCLUSION

AND

Q and A

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THANK YOU

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 SPREAD OF FIRE

CONDUCTION

FIRE CAN BE
SPREAD BY HEAT CONVECTION
TRANSFERING
METHODS

RADITION

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 SPREAD OF FIRE

Always try to reduce these sources of heat transfer at your

work place to avoid the fire spread 15
 SPREAD OF FIRE
• Thermal conduction is the transfer of heat
by microscopic collisions of particles and
CONDUCTION movement of electrons within a body

• Heat spontaneously flows from a hotter to a

colder body

• Try to avoid the contact of carpet, sofa and

curtain
• Work place should be well worked out with
regards to fire safety

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SPREAD OF FIRE

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 SPREAD OF FIRE
• Heat transfer due to bulk movement of
molecules within fluids such as gases and
CONVECTION liquids

• Convection takes place through advection,

diffusion or both

• Stair cases and ventilation system trunking

can be a source of spread of fire in building

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 SPREAD OF FIRE

• Radiation is the emission or transmission

RADITION of energy in the form of waves or particles
through space or through a material
medium

• Never place flammable material near hot

sources

• Switch off, close down hot sources when

leaving the work place or rooom

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 FIRE FIGHTING MEDIAS
• Fire fighting medias are those materials which used to
extinguish the fire, which are as under

WATER AFFF

DCP CO2

• Fire fighting foams are of many types

• Dry chemical powders are of many types
• Fire extinguishing gases are of many types 20
 FIRE FIGHTING MEDIAS
• Every media has its own specific effects with regard to
extinguish the fire
• These medias eliminates the fire triangle

Cooling agent, reduce the temperature, cheapest

WATER media, easily available. composition hydrogen
and oxygen

Aqueous film forming foam, florosyenthic wetting

AFFF agent. Removes the oxygen by making a layer on
surface of B class fire

Monoammonium phosphate powder. ABC dry

DCP chemical is usually a mix of monoammonium
phosphate and ammonium sulfate,

CO2 Cooling and smothering agent, use for electronics

and electrical equipment fire 21
PRINCIPLES OF FIRE EXTINCTION

COOLING

STARVING
If any of fire elements
( fuel, heat, oxygen) is
removed fire will be
out, these principles SMOTHERING
are by using

INHIBITION
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PRINCIPLES OF FIRE EXTINCTION

Now discuss one by one 23

 PRINCIPLES OF FIRE EXTINCTION

Done by water which lowers the

COOLING
temperature below the ignition
temperature of fuel,

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PRINCIPLES OF FIRE EXTINCTION

STARVING • removal of unburned material from the

scene of fire, closing down of supply valve
of liquid or gas or by draining/ shifting
liquid from tank

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 PRINCIPLES OF FIRE EXTINCTION

• Removal of oxygen from burning

SMOTHERING process, done by AFFF, CO2 or steam

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 PRINCIPLES OF FIRE EXTINCTION

By breaking chemical reaction of the

INHIBITION burning process, done by using Halon gas
(BCF/ BTM) or DCP

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 WHAT TO DO
ON FINDING THE FIRE

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 Incase somebody caught fire should proceed
MAN ON FIRE as follow

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CONCLUSION

AND

Q and A

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THANK YOU

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