The Maratha Empire

Group Name- Tagore

Group Leader- Aarav Choudhary
Group Members- Aarav Choudhary,Sudipti Pundir,Akshat Raj
Saini,Arnav Saxena, Damanpreet Singh,Flora Sharma,Yuvraj
Sonkar,Ayaan,Iqra
Class – 9th D
Introduction

• The Maratha Empire was an early modern Indian Empire that

controlled large portions of the Indian Subcontinent.
• The Maratha Rule formally began in 1674 when Shivaji Maharaj
was coronated as Chhatrapati.
• The Maratha Kingdom was expanded into a full-fledged Empire
in the 18th Century CE under the leadership of Peshwa Bajirao 1.
• Capital of the Maratha Empire was Raigad,Satara,Pune.
• The official languages of the Empire were Marathi and Sanskrit.
Territorial Evolution of the Maratha Empire

• Shivaji Maharaj had complete control over the

entire Konkan Region from Daman in the North to
Karwar in the South at the time of his death in
1680.
• Sambhaji,who succeeded Shivaji, was captured and
subsequently executed by Mughal Emperor
Aurangzeb in 1689.
• After Aurangzeb, Marathas conquered a significant
portion of India,stretching from Chenab River to the
Borders of Bengal.
The Battle of Pratapgarh

• The Battle of Pratapgad took place on 10 November 1659, at

Pratapgad Fort in Satara.
• The battle was fought between the Maratha forces led by
Chhatrapati Shivaji and the Bijapur troops under General Afzal
Khan.
• The Marathas emerged victorious, marking their first significant
military triumph against a major regional power.
• In the aftermath of this victory Shivaji captured 65
elephants,4000 horses,1200 camels and 10 Lakh ruppees of cash
and jewellry.
• In the meeting of Shivaji Maharaj and Afzal Khan, Shivaji killed
him with his Bagh Nakh(Tiger Claws).
The Battle Of Purandar

• The Battle of Purandar was fought between the

Mughal Empire and the Maratha Empire in 1665.
• The Mughal Emperor, Aurangzeb appointed Jai Singh
to lead a 12,000-strong army against the Maratha king
Shivaji.
• Shaista Khan and Muazzam were both replaced by Jai
Singh after their failure against Shivaji.
• Jai Singh was also given full military power and made
viceroy of Deccan by the Mughal Emperor
• After the battle, the Treaty of Purandar was made.
The Treaty of Purandar

• Jai Singh started his campaign by isolating Shivaji; he

persuaded some Maratha nobles to join him and
offered to reduce the tribute of the Bijapur
Sultanate if they joined him.
• Jai Singh then besieged Purandar and beat off all
Maratha attempts to relieve the fort.
• In 1665, Shivaji surrendered after finding no other
option and agreed to hand over 23 of his 36 forts to
Jai Singh.
Battle of Sinhagad(Kondhana)

• Sinhagad was one of the first forts which Shivaji

recaptured from the Mughals. The capture was
made possible by scaling the walls at night with
rope ladders.
• Tanhaji Malusare was killed, but the fort was
captured by the Marathas.
• A bust of Tanhaji Malusare was installed at the
fort in memory of his contribution and
sacrifice.The fort was also renamed Sinhagad to
honour his memory.
Who were the Peshwas?

• Peshwa was second highest office in the Maratha

Empire, next in rank and prestige only to that of the
Chhatrapati.
• Peshwa was likely the Prime Minister of the Maratha
Empire.While the Chhatrapati is like the President of
the Maratha Empire.
• The first Peshwa was Moropant Pingle, who was
appointed as the head of the Ashta Pradhan (council of
eight ministers) by Shivaji the founder of the Maratha
Empire.
• The final holder of the Peshwa office was Baji Rao II.
CHHATRAPATI SHIVAJI MAHARAJ

• Shivaji Shahaji Bhosale ( 19 February 1630 – 3 April 1680

), popularly known as Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj , was
an Indian king and founder of the Maratha Empire .
• His Father was Shahajiraj Bhosle and his Mother was
Jijabai Shahaji Bhosale.
• Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj built a powerful and
progressive state on the strength of a disciplined army
and a well-organized administrative system.
• Shivaji realized the importance of naval force in its
early stages and built a powerful navy.That is why he is
known as the Father of Indian Navy.
Subhedar Tanhaji Malusare

• Subhedar Tanhaji Malusare was a warrior and

commander of Shivaji.
• A local poet Tulsidas,wrote a powada describing
Subhedar Tanhaji’s heroics and sacrifice of life in the
Battle of Sinhagad, which has since made him a
popular figure in Indian folklore.
• Subhedar was a superior general and a man of Iron
will in the army of Maratha Empire.
• Tanhaji Malusare is known for his bravery and
courage at the Battle of Kondhana.
Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj

• Sambhaji,also known as Shambhuraje was the second Chhatrapati of the

Maratha Empire.
• He was the eldest son of Shivaji, the founder of the Maratha Empire.
• Sambhaji inherited the governance system created by Shivaji. He
continued with most of his father’s policies
• Sambhaji, along with 25 of his counsellors, was captured at
Sangameshwar in February 1689. His close friend Kavi Kalash was also
captured.
• Mughals took Sambhaji and Kalash to Bahadurgad in Ahmednagar
District. They were both horribly humiliated and tortured before being
executed.
• Sambhaji was executed on March 11, 1689, at Tulapur.