GROUP 7

PRESENTATION
COMPUTER FRONT PANEL
PORTS
AND THEIR FUNCTIONS
PARTS OF THE COMPUTER
FRONT PANEL:
1.Power button
2.Restart button
3.USB ports
4. Headphone port
5. Microphone port
6.Optical drive
7.Lights
POWER BUTTON:
This button is used to turn on your PC.
Usually, the button is pushed and held
for a second or two.
For easier recognition, the Power button
is often bigger in size. It also contains
the power logo.
 RESTART BUTTON
This is the “life saver” button.

If, for some reason, your PC gets

stuck, hangs up on you, and
nothing works, then pressing this
button will reboot your PC.
WHAT DOES USB STAND FOR ?
USB stands for Universal Serial Bus. You’ll find a
common port on your PCs front and back panels.
rectangular shaped and small in size.

USB allows you to connect many peripherals that

support a USB connection. These include
USB PORTS ALLOWS YOU TO
CONNECT:

• Flash drives
• External hard drives
• Mouse
• Keyboard
• Headset
• Joystick
HEADPHONE/SPEAKER PORT:
It is commonly known as a 3.5 mm headphone
jack. You can also find this port on your phone.
The port is green in color and contains a
headphone logo. If your headphone has a single
jack, it goes into this port. However, if your
headphone has two jacks, the green one goes
into this port.
It also goes into this port if you want to use a
speaker instead of headphones.
 MICROPHONE PORT
• Another 3.5 mm port. This is
where you plug in your
microphone
OPTICAL DRIVE
The wide rectangular-shaped slot with a button
beneath. This is the Optical Drive.
Upon pressing the button, a tray will come out.
Position your CD/DVD properly on the tray and press
the button again. The tray will go back inside. Your PC
will start reading from it if the CD/DVD is not
corrupted
LIGHTS
There are a bunch of lights that work as indicators.
For example, when you turn on your PC, a light gets lit.
It stays lit until your turn your PC off.
If the light is blinking, the reason could be that your PC
has entered hibernation or suspended mode.
Another common light in the front panel is the CD/DVD
drive light. It’s an LED light. When you enter a
CD/DVD, the light stays litten until you decide to get it
out
COMPUTER BACK PANEL
PORTS
WITH ITS
FUNCTIONS
BACK PANEL
PS/2 PORT
The PS/2 (Personal System/2)
port, also called the mouse port
or keyboard port, was developed
by IBM. It is used to connect a
computer mouse or keyboard to
an IBM compatible computer. The
PS/2 port is a mini DIN plug
containing six pins and is still
sometimes found on all IBM
compatible computers.
 SERIAL PORT
A serial port is also called a
communication port and they are
used for connection of external
devices like a modem, mouse, or
keyboard (basically in older PCs).
Serial cables are cheaper to make
in comparison to parallel cables
and they are easier to shield from
interference.
 PARALLEL PORT
Parallel ports are generally used
for connecting scanners and
printers. It can send several bits
at the same time as it uses
parallel communication. Its data
transfer speed is much higher in
comparison with the serial port.
It is a 25 pin model. It is also
known as Printer Port or Line
Printer Port.
VGA PORT
VGA ports also known as Video
Graphic Array connector are
those which connect the
monitor to a computers video
card. VGA port has 15 holes
and it is similar to the serial
port connector. But VGA Ports
have holes in it and the serial
port connector has pins in it.
 USB PORT
USB ports are used to connect a
variety of USB devices, including
a mouse, keyboard, printer, laser,
modem, card reader, flash drive,
camera, mobile phone, player,
hard drive, and optical disc.
People who want to operate and
use multiple monitors in a global
context need this connectivity.
 ETHERNET PORT
Ethernet Port helps to connect to
a network and high-speed
Internet(provided by LAN or
other sources). It connects the
network cable to a computer and
resides in a Ethernet card. It
provides a data travel speed of
10 Mb to 1000 Mb(megabits) per
second.
DVI PORT
Video Interface is a
high-speed serial
link for connecting
output Display
Devices.
HDMI PORT
HDMI stands for a high-
definition multimedia
interface. This is the latest
interface that helps to get
high-definition video and
multi-channel sound. You can
connect HDMI-enabled blue
ray devices, LEDs, etc.
LAN PORT
The LAN or
network port is
used to connect
to other devices
and computers
in a network.
AUDIO PORTS
Generally, there is 3 number of
audio ports on the back side of a
PC. These parts are either aligned
vertically or in a horizontal
position. The green color port is
dedicated for headphones or
speakers, the blue colored port is
marked as Line-in and Mic can be
inserted in a pink port.
EXPANSION SLOTS
These expansion slots
are used to connect
add-on cards to
increase the
capabilities of the
motherboard.
SATA,PATA AND
IDE
AND THEIR FUNCTIONS
The picture above shows the physical differences. The
SATA drive on the left is a pair of flat connectors – the
larger one for power, and the smaller one for data.
The PATA drive on the right uses the larger connector
full of pins for data, and the four-prong connector on
the right for power
SATA IS AN ACRONYM FOR SERIAL ADVANCED
TECHNOLOGY ATTACHMENT, OFTEN
SHORTENED TO SERIAL ATA. SERIAL REFERS TO
THE FACT THAT DATA IS SENT ONE BIT AT A
TIME DOWN A SINGLE CONNECTION IN EACH
DIRECTION. THERE IS A SEPARATE
CONNECTION FOR DATA GOING IN TO AND
OUT OF THE DEVICE.
PATA IS AN ACRONYM FOR PARALLEL
ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY ATTACHMENT,
OFTEN SHORTENED TO PARALLEL ATA.
PARALLEL REFERS TO THE FACT THAT DATA IS
SENT 16 BITS AT A TIME THROUGH A SINGLE
16-BIT CONNECTION, WHICH IS USED FOR
DATA TRAVELING IN BOTH DIRECTIONS.
PATA actually transfers data more
slowly, for a variety of reasons. Current
PATA interfaces can transfer at up to 133
megabytes per second, whereas SATA
interfaces can transmit up to 150, 300,
or 600 megabytes per second,
depending on the version of the
interface being used.
INTEGRATED DRIVE ELECTRONICS (IDE) :
IT IS FOR CONNECTION OF STORAGES DEVICES
SUCH AS HARD DISK DRIVES (HDD), SOLID STATE
DRIVES (SSD) AND CD/DVD DRIVES TO THE
COMPUTER. IN IDE DATA TRANSFER SPEED RANGES
FROM 100 MB/S TO 133 MB/S. IT IS A PARALLEL
CONNECTOR. IT GIVES A SLOWER PERFORMANCE
AND DOES NOT SUPPORT OF HOT PLUGGING
 PORTS
AND THEIR FUNCTIONS
• SERIAL PORT:VERY COMMONLY USED FOR CONNECTING AN EXTERNAL MODEM OR MOUSE TO A PC, VERY FEW NEW COMPUTERS
WILL COME WITH ONE UNLESS SPECIFICALLY ORDERED THAT WAY.

• PS/2 CONNECTOR: PRIOR TO 2010, THE MOST COMMONLY USED CONNECTION FOR KEYBOARDS AND MICE TO A PC COMPATIBLE
COMPUTER SYSTEM.
• .
PARALLEL PORT: THE MOST COMMON INTERFACE FOR CONNECTING A PRINTER
TO A COMPUTER.

GAME PORT: THE TRADITIONAL CONNECTOR FOR VIDEO GAME INPUT DEVICES
• ETHERNET/RJ45:
THESE PORTS ARE TYPICALLY
USED TO CONNECT TWISTED
PAIR (MORE COMMONLY
REFERRED TO AS CAT5E) CABLE
(OR WE COULD JUST SAY,
“PLUG IN A NETWORK CABLE
THAT GETS YOU ONTO THE
INTERNET”).

• MODEM/RJ11: A PHYSICAL
INTERFACE OFTEN USED FOR
TERMINATING TELEPHONE
WIRES.
VGA PORT: ACRONYM FOR VIDEO GRAPHIC ARRAY. THE
MOST COMMON CONNECTION FOR EXTERNAL
MONITORS

S-VIDEO: SEPARATE VIDEO (NOT SUPER VIDEO) CARRIES

THE VIDEO DATA AS TWO SEPARATE SIGNALS
HDMI: HIGH DEFINITION MULTIMEDIA INTERFACE IS A COMPACT
AUDIO/VIDEO INTERFACE FOR TRANSMITTING UNCOMPRESSED
DIGITAL DATA.
DVI: DIGITAL VIDEO INTERFACE IS A VIDEO INTERFACE STANDARD
DESIGNED TO PROVIDE VERY HIGH VISUAL QUALITY ON DIGITAL
DISPLAY DEVICES SUCH AS FLAT PANEL LCD COMPUTER DISPLAYS
AND DIGITAL PROJECTORS.
• Mini-DVI: This connector is used on Apple computers
as a digital alternative to the Mini-VGA connector.

• Micro-DVI: This port is a video connection port used

by some Apple MacBook Air laptop computers
produced between January-October 2008.
THESE PORTS ARE USED TO CONNECT AUDIO DEVICES
LIKE SPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, AND HOME THEATER
SYSTEMS. THE AUDIO PORT IS ONLY FUNCTIONAL WHEN
A DEVICE IS CONNECTED THROUGH AN ELECTRICAL
CONNECTION OR CABLE.
FIREWIRE PORT
• CONNECTS CAMCORDERS AND VIDEO EQUIPMENTS TO THE
COMPUTERS
• THREE VARIANTS : 4-PIN FIREWIRE 400 CONNECTOR, 6-PIN
FIREWIRE 400 CONNECTOR AND 9-PIN FIREWIRE 800 CONNECTOR
UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS OR USB PORT
IT CAN CONNECT ALL KINDS OF EXTERNAL USB DEVICES
SUCH AS EXTERNAL HARD DISK, PRINTER, SCANNER,
MOUSE, KEYBOARD ETC.
TYPES OF GRAPHICS CARD
MAJOR COMPONENTS OF A GRAPHICS
CARD
HERE ARE THE MOST IMPORTANT COMPONENTS OF A
WHAT DOES A GRAPHICS CARD DO IN A COMPUTER?

• A GRAPHICS CARD RENDERS IMAGES TO THE MONITOR

BY CONVERTING DATA INTO SIGNALS THAT THE
MONITOR CAN UNDERSTAND, NO MATTER FOR DESKTOP
OR LAPTOP. THE BETTER THE GRAPHICS CARD IS, THE
BETTER IMAGE CAN BE GENERATED.
• THE IMAGE YOU SEE ON THE MONITOR IS MADE OF
DOTS KNOWN AS PIXELS. A MONITOR DISPLAYS MORE
THAN ONE MILLION PIXELS IN THE SAME TIME.
 WHAT DOES A GRAPHICS
CARD DO FOR GAMING?
• The difference is that the performance of the
graphics card is specially optimized for gaming.
We usually encounter large,
high-resolution/high-definition or even 3D
graphics. To render a better image, graphics
card.
• Some graphics cards are customized for gaming, including:
• AMD Radeon HD
• AMD Radeon R5, R7, R9 and RX series
• NVIDIA GeForce GTX
• NVIDIA GeForce RTX
• NVIDIA Titan
• For cloud gaming, there are:
• AMD Radeon Sky
• NVIDIA Grid
 GPU– GRAPHICS PROCESSING UNIT

• Graphics processing unit, a specialized

processor originally designed to
accelerate graphics rendering.
• GPU’s can process many pieces of
data simultaneously, making them
useful for machine learning, video
editing, and gaming applications.
VIDEO MEMORY

Video memory, also known as video

random access memory (VRAM), is a
dedicated memory on a computer's
graphics card or graphics processing
unit (GPU) that stores and manages
data related to graphics and video
processing.
HDMI PORT – HIGH DEFINITION
MULTIMEDIA INTERFACE

• HDMI is a compact audio/video interface

for transferring uncompressed video data
and compressed/uncompressed digital
audio data from an hdmi-compliant
device
• ("the source device") to a compatible
digital audio device, computer monitor,
video projector, or digital television.
PCI – PERIPHERAL
COMPONENT INTERCONNECT

The interface is primarily used to connect a video

source to a display device such as a computer
monitor, though it can also be used to transmit
audio, USB, and other forms of data
POWER CONNECT ORS

The GPU power connector is the cable that connects the

graphics card to the power supply unit, which provides the
electricity needed for the card to function. The
motherboard is the main circuit board of your computer,
which connects all the components and allows them to
communicate