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Chapter 01 Exploring Data Section 1 Introduction Data Analysis - Making Sense of Data
Chapter 01 Exploring Data Section 1 Introduction Data Analysis - Making Sense of Data
Chapter 01 Exploring Data Section 1 Introduction Data Analysis - Making Sense of Data
Learning Objectives
After this section, you should be able to…
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Data Analysis
Data Analysis is the process of organizing,
Definitions:
Individuals – objects (people, animals, things)
described by a set of data
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values. In data analysis, we are interested in how
Data Analysis
often a variable takes on each value.
Definition:
Distribution – tells us what values a variable
takes and how often it takes those values
2009 FuelExample
Economy Guide 2009 Fuel Economy Guide 2009 Fuel Economy Guide
MODEL MPG MODEL MPG <new>MODEL MPG <new>
1 Acura RL 922 Dodge Avenger 1630 Mercedes-Benz E350 24
2 Audi A6 Quattro 1023 Hyundai Elantra 1733 Mercury Milan 29
3 Bentley Arnage 1114 Jaguar XF 1825 Mitsubishi Galant 27
4 BMW 5281 1228 Kia Optima 1932 Nissan Maxima 26
5 Buick Lacrosse 1328 Lexus GS 350 2026 Rolls Royce Phantom 18
6 Cadillac CTS 1425 Lincolon MKZ 2128 Saturn Aura 33
7 Chevrolet Malibu 1533 Mazda 6 2229 Toyota Camry 31
8 Chrysler Sebring 1630 Mercedes-Benz E350 2009 Fuel
2324 Volkswagen Passat Economy
29 Guide Dot Plot
9 Dodge Avenger 1730 Mercury Milan 2429 Volvo S80 25
Dotplot of MPG
Variable of Interest: Distribution
MPG
14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34
MPG
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How to Explore Data
Data Analysis
2009 Fuel Economy Guide 2009 Fuel Economy Guide 2009 Fuel Economy Guide
MODEL MPG MODEL MPG <new>MODEL MPG <new>
Examine each variable 1 Acura RL 9 22 Dodge Avenger 1630 Mercedes-Benz E350 24
2 Audi A6 Quattro 1023 Hyundai Elantra 1733 Mercury Milan 29
by itself. 3 Bentley Arnage 1114 Jaguar XF 1825 Mitsubishi Galant 27
1228 Kia Optima 1932 Nissan Maxima
Then study
4 BMW 5281 26
5 Buick Lacrosse 1328 Lexus GS 350 2026 Rolls Royce Phantom 18
relationships among
6 Cadillac CTS 1425 Lincolon MKZ 2128 Saturn Aura 33
7 Chevrolet Malibu 1533 Mazda 6 2229 Toyota Camry 31
the variables. 8
9
Chrysler Sebring
Dodge Avenger
1630 Mercedes-Benz E350
1730 Mercury Milan
2324 Volkswagen Passat
2429 Volvo S80
29
25
14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34
Add numerical MPG
summaries
From Data Analysis to Inference
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Data Analysis
Population
Sample
Make an Inference
about the Population.
Perform Data
Analysis, keeping
probability in mind…
Activity: Hiring Discrimination
Follow the directions on Page 5
Data Analysis
Summary
In this section, we learned that…