CONTRIBUTIONS OF FOUNDING

FATHERS OF PAKISTAN IN THE

FREEDOM MOVEMENT
INTRODUCTION
 The struggle for an independent Muslim state in the subcontinent was a long and arduous
journey led by visionary leaders and thinkers.
 This freedom movement, rooted in the desire for self-governance and the preservation of
Muslim identity, paved the way for the creation of Pakistan.
 Key figures like Allama Muhammad Iqbal and Muhammad Ali Jinnah played pivotal roles in
shaping the ideology and rallying the masses towards this noble cause.
 Pakistan's establishment in 1947 was the efforts of multiple leaders. While Quaid-i-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah is
rightly known as the father of the nation, the journey towards independence also involved the contributions of Sir Syed
Ahmed Khan, Allama Iqbal, and the founders of All India Muslim League
ALLAMA MUHAMMAD
IQBAL
 Allama Muhammad Iqbal, A poet, philosopher, politician, lawyer, and scholar a was a driving
force behind the idea of a separate Muslim state.

 Born in Sialkot in 1877, he received a solid education in both Eastern and Western traditions.

 Iqbal's poetic works, such as "Shikwa" and "Bang-e-Dara," inspired a sense of Muslim
identity and the need for political awakening. His famous Allahabad.
 Address in 1930 laid the groundwork for the concept of a separate Muslim state, stating, "I
would like to see the Punjab, North-West Frontier Province, Sind, and Baluchistan
amalgamated into a single State."
MUHAMMAD ALI JINNAH
 Muhammad Ali Jinnah, fondly known as the "Quaid-e-Azam" (Great Leader), was the driving
force behind the Pakistan Movement. Born in Karachi in 1876, he pursued his education in
London and became a successful lawyer.
 Jinnah's entry into politics and his leadership of the All India Muslim League transformed the
freedom struggle. His unwavering determination, negotiation skills, and oratory prowess
inspired millions of Muslims to unite under the banner of a separate homeland.
 Mohammad Ali Jinnah December 25, 1876 – September 11, 1948) was a 20th century lawyer, politician, statesman and
the founder of Pakistan. He is popularly and officially known in Pakistan as Quaid-e-Azam (“Great Leader”) and
Baba-e-Qaum (“Father of the Nation”).
 Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah played a key role in the creation of Pakistan describe the two nation theory of
pakistan
 Mohammed Ali Jinnah was the founder and first governor-general (1947–48) of Pakistan.
THE LAHORE RESOLUTION
(1940)
 The Lahore Resolution, passed on March 23, 1940, was a defining moment in the Pakistan
Movement. Drafted by the Muslim League, it formally demanded the establishment of an
independent state for Muslims within British India.
 Jinnah played a pivotal role in drafting and securing the passage of this resolution, which
stated, "No constitutional plan would be workable or acceptable to the Muslims unless
geographical contiguous units are demarcated into regions which should be so constituted with
such territorial readjustments as may be necessary.“
 The resolution for the establishment of a separate homeland for the Muslims of British India passed in the annual
session of the All India Muslim League held in Lahore on 22–24 March 1940
THE QUIT INDIA MOVEMENT
(1942)
 In 1942, Mahatma Gandhi launched the Quit India Movement, calling for the British to leave
India. The Muslim League, led by Jinnah, responded by demanding a separate homeland for
Muslims, as they feared being marginalized in a Hindu-majority India.
 Jinnah's stance and the subsequent "Direct Action Day" on August 16, 1946, further solidified
the demand for Pakistan, leading to widespread protests and civil unrest.
 The Quit India Movement was a movement launched at the Bombay session of the All India Congress Committee by
Mahatma Gandhi on 8 August 1942, during World War II,
 In 1942, Mahatma Gandhi launched the Quit India Movement, calling for the British to leave India. The Muslim
League, led by Jinnah, responded by demanding a separate homeland for Muslims, as they feared being marginalized
in a Hindu-majority India.
THE CABINET MISSION
PLAN (1946)
 In an attempt to resolve the political deadlock, the British government proposed the Cabinet
Mission Plan in 1946. This plan offered two options: a united India or a partitioned India with
separate Hindu and Muslim states.
 Jinnah's skilled negotiation and the Muslim League's acceptance of the partition plan paved
the way for the eventual creation of Pakistan. His pragmatic approach and unwavering
commitment to the cause ensured that the dream of a separate homeland became a reality.
 A Cabinet Mission went to India on 24 March 1946 to discuss the transfer of power from the British government to the
Indian political leadership with the aim of preserving India's unity and granting its independence
THE PARTITION OF INDIA
(1947)
 The Radcliffe Line, drawn by Sir Cyril Radcliffe, divided the territories of British India into
two separate nations: India and Pakistan. This partition, however, came at a great cost, with
widespread riots, violence, and the displacement of millions of people.
 Jinnah's leadership during this turbulent period was crucial in establishing the new nation of
Pakistan. Despite the challenges, his determination and vision guided the country through its
formative years.
 The Partition of India in 1947 was the change of political borders and the division of other assets.The Indian
subcontinent and the creation of two independent dominions in South Asia: India and Pakistan.
OTHER NOTABLE FIGURES
While Iqbal and Jinnah were the driving forces, several other notable figures contributed
significantly to the freedom movement:
 Liaquat Ali Khan: A close associate of Jinnah and the first Prime Minister of Pakistan.
 Fatima Jinnah: Muhammad Ali Jinnah's sister and a prominent figure in the women's rights
movement.
 Chaudhry Khaliquzzaman: A leading Muslim League politician and a staunch supporter of
the Pakistan Movement.
 : A Bengali politician who played a crucial role in the partition of BengHuseyn Shaheed
Suhrawardyal.
CHALLENGES FACED BY
THE FOUNDING FATHERS
The founding fathers faced numerous challenges during the partition and the establishment of
Pakistan:
 Riots and violence: The partition was marred by widespread riots, bloodshed, and the
displacement of millions of people from their homes.
 Rehabilitation of refugees: Providing shelter, food, and basic amenities for the influx of
refugees was a daunting task.
 Establishing a new nation: Building a functional government, infrastructure, and institutions
from scratch was a monumental undertaking.
LEGACY AND IMPACT
The freedom movement and the contributions of the founding fathers have had a lasting impact
on Pakistan:
 Significance of the freedom movement: It paved the way for self-governance and the
preservation of Muslim identity.
 Contributions of the founding fathers: Iqbal's vision and Jinnah's leadership shaped the
ideology and trajectory of the nation.
 Enduring influence: Their sacrifices and unwavering commitment continue to inspire
generations of Pakistanis.
 Impact refers to the immediate outcomes and effects of an event, while.A legacy effect refers to the impacts that
previous conditions have on current processes or properties. Legacies have been recognized by many disciplines, from
physiology and ecology to anthropology and geology