OTHER MUSICAL

STYLES
Q1L3 (MUSIC10)
 Introduction:
 During the 20th century, composers became
increasingly influenced by the Music, History, and
Culture of their native country.
 Aside from the IMPRESSIONISM and
EXPRESSIONISM other musical styles were
emerged “ PRIMITIVISM and NEOCLASSICISM.”
 PRIMITIVISM
 a combination of two simple ideas that
developed into a new IDEA, IMAGE and
SOUND.
 It is also the use of musical elements that are :
* simple, well-defined and clear.
 PRIMITIVISM
 Styled combined with the following:
* EXOTICISM = use of materials from
other cultures.
* NATIONALISM = use of indigenous
materials in specific country.
* ETHNICISM = use of materials from
European ethnic groups.
 PRIMITIVISM
 Two Composers associated with primitivism:
* Igor Stravinsky
* Bela Bartok
 BELA BARTOK
 one of the most influential modern composer of 20 th Century.
 a teacher, pianist and ethnomusicologist noted to for the
Hungarian flavor of his major music such as:
* orchestral works * stage works
* string quartets * cantata
* solo piano * folk songs for voice
& piano
 BELA BARTOK
 was born on March 25, 1881 in Hungary from a
family that reflected some of the ethno-cultural
diversities.
 at the age of 5, he started his piano lessons and at
the age of 9, he compose small dance piece. At 11,
he played some of his composition in public.
 BELA BARTOK
 1899-1903, he went to the Royal Academy of Music in
Budapest to study piano and composition.
 1903, he completed his first major symphonic work
“KOSSUTH”
 1908, he and Zoltan Kodaly, traveled around the
countryside to collet and research old folk melodies.
 BELA BARTOK
 1940, he and his family left Hungary and
migrated to the US and work as a research
assistant at Columbia University, New York
City
 Sept., 26, 1945 = Bela Bartok passed away at
the age of 64 in New York, USA.
BELA BARTOK Works:
* Piano Sonata 1926
* First Piano Concerto 1926
* Cantata Profana 1930
* 2nd Piano Concerto 1931
* Mikrokosmos 1931-1939
* String Quartets #5
* Music for Strings, Percussion & Celesta 1936
* Sonata for two Pianos & Percussion 1937
* 2nd Violin Concerto 1938
* String Quartet # 6 1939
 NEOCLASSICISM
 a style of music that drew inspiration from 18 th century which
become popular between WW1 & WW11
 Characteristics:
* as a clarity and balance with the new trends
* the revival of interest in contrapuntal technique
* the combination of melodic lines that are different or
counterpoint.
 SERGEI PROKOFIEVE
 one of the most prolific and popular Russian composer,
pianist and conductor of the 20th century.
 he was born in Ukraine on November 23, 1891 and died
in Dornach, Switzerland on March 5, 1953
 His works earned him a great distinction as a musician
both inside and outside of his country
 SERGEI PROKOFIEVE works:
= OPERAS
* Love for the Tree Oranges
* War & Peace
* Peter and the Wolf
= 7 Symphonies, ballets, 9 piano sonatas
Concertos violin and piano and chamber music.
 FRANCIS POULENC
 a brilliant French composer born in France on Jan. 7,
1899 from a wealthy family of pharmaceutical
manufacturers
 He was one of the members of
“LE SIX” = a group of French composers who led
the Neoclassical movement rejecting the exaggerated
emotion of Romanticism.
 FRANCIS POULENC
 he was a great melodists of the 20th century and
a self-taught composer who became a
successful in his compositions for piano, voice
and choral music.
 he died on Jan. 30, 1963 from fatal attack in
Paris.
FRANCIS POULENC Works:
* Rapsodie Negre in 1917
* Trois Movements Perpetuels for Piano
* Sonata for Piano Duet 1918
* Concerto of Two Pianos 1932 ( combines the
Classical touches of Mozart and exoticism style of
Ravel)
* Concerto for Solo Piano 1949 (written for Boston
Company Orchestra)
* * Concerto Champetre 1929 (a harpsichord Concerto)
FRANCIS POULENC Works:
= He wrote three OPERAS namely:
* LES MAMELLES de TIRESIAS 1944
(displays his light-hearted characters.
* DIALOGUES de CARMELITES 1956 (one of
the finest operas in 20th Century, it highlighted his
conservative writing style)
* LA VOIX HUMANE 1968 (reflective his
unstable emotional life)
 Other Members of LES SIX:
 1. DARIUS MILHAUD 1892-1974
= a 20th century French composer who wrote in
different styles and known for his development of
polytonality (two or more keys at the same time)
 2. ARTHUR HONEGGER 1892-1955
= a prolific composer associated with the modern
movement in French Music.
 Other Members of LES SIX:
 3. GEORGE AURIC 1899-1983
= a French composer known for his film scores
and ballet.
 4. LOUIS DUREY 1888-1979
= a French composer who used traditional way of composing.
 5. GERMAINE TAILLEFERRE 1892-1983
= the only female in the group who used dance
rhythms.
Making Meaning:
ETHNOMUSICOLOGIST
= a person who studies music in a
sociocultural context.

NEOCLASSICISM
= the revival or adaptation of the classical
music.
Activity:
Answer the
Activity 1 on page 17.