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Presentation on RAPIDS

GROUP MEMBERS:

LEXIANN ROBINSON
KHADEJAH GROVES
SHAE WILLIAMS
 WHAT IS RAPIDS?
• Rapids are areas along a river where the water flows
faster and more turbulent. This is usually because

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channel or where a river flow. Rapids tend to form in

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younger streams, with water flow that is straighter

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and faster than in older streams. The class of a rapid

determines how difficult it is to navigate using a
kayak, raft, or other vessels over alternating soft and
hard rocks.
 How does it form?
Rapids are formed where
a fast-flowing river quickly

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cuts downward through a
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bed of hard and soft

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rocks, eroding the soft

rock and leaving the hard
rocks standing above the
water surface. Rapids are
formed by one or more of
the following:constriction,
obstruction, gradient, and
flow rate.
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EXAMPLE OF RAPID

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RIVER RAPID TOURS IN JAMAICA

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RAPIDS
DIAGRAM SHOWING

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 FACTS
• Rapids are most commonly found in the upper
course of the river
• Rapids form on any kind of flowing water

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• Cataracts are the strongest rapids
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• White water occurs in the upper course of the river
when the gradient and obstacles disturb the flow
of water, causing it to churn and create bubbles
Types of RAPIDS
• The safety of a section of river is measured by the class, or level, of
its rapids. The class of a rapid determines how difficult it is to
navigate using a kayak, raft, or other vessel.
• Class I: Small waves, no obstacles. (Easy)

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• Class II: Medium waves, no obstacles. (Novice)

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• Class III: Many waves of different strengths, many obstacles, narrow
passages. (Intermediate)
• Class IV: Many strong waves, many dangerous obstacles, whirlpools.
(Advanced)
• Class V: Constant strong waves, constant obstacles, whirlpools, fast
currents, some waterfalls.(Expert)
• Class VI: (also classified as U, for "unraftable") Constant strong waves,
constant obstacles, whirlpools, fast currents, steep waterfalls.
(Extreme and Exploratory)