EMERGING

NATIONALIS
M
VOCABULAR
Y
 COLUMN COLUMN B
1. A Visitation
Episcopal A. a system of taxation imposed by the Spanish colonial government
to generate economic resources
2. Garrote
B. priest who belong to religious order
3. Polo
C. an apparatus for capital punishment in which an iron collar is
4. Regular Clergy tightened around a condemned person’s neck

5. Secular Clergy D. system of forced labor

6. Tributo E. an official pastoral visit conducted by the bishop on the diocese

F. priest who do not belong to religious order and are engaged in

pastoral work
Episcopal Visitation an official pastoral visit conducted by the bishop on the diocese

Garrote an apparatus for capital punishment in which an iron collar is

tightened around a condemned person’s neck

Polo system of forced labor

Regular Clergy priest who belong to religious order

Secular Clergy priest who do not belong to religious order and are engaged in
pastoral work

Tributo a system of taxation imposed by the Spanish colonial government to

generate economic resources
CAVITE MUTINY
 CAUS BATTLE AFTERMA
E TH

Governor-General Sergeant
Rafael de Fernando GomBurZa
Izquierdo La Madrid
SECULARIZATION
MOVEMENT
Regular Clergy:
priests belonged to religious
orders.
Primary Task:
1. Introduce the faith
2. Convert the natives
3. Establish religious communities

Religious Orders:

AUGUSTINIANS FRANCISCANS JESUITS DOMINICANS BENEDICTINES

(1565) (1578) (1581) (1587) (1895)
Secular Clergy:
priests who do not belonged to
religious orders.
Primary Task:
1. Management of the religious communities

Issues among the Clergies in the Philippines

1. Episcopal Visitation
a. Omnimoda Bull (Pope Adrian VI) v. Council of Trent (1545 – 1563)
2. Management of Parishes
a. en viva conquista spiritual
b. unqualified and incompetence
c. economic nature
 SECULAR PRIESTS

Fr. Pedro Pelaez Fr. Mariano Gomez Fr. Jose Burgos

(1864)
EXECUTION OF
GOMBURZA
 Fathers: Laymen:
1. Fr. Jose Burgos 1. Gervacio Sanchez
2. Fr. Jacinto Zamora 2. Pedro Carillo
3. Fr. Jose Guevarra 3. Maximo Inocencio
4. Fr. Mariano Gomez 4. Balbino Mauricio
5. Fr. Feliciano Gomez 5. Ramon Maurente
6. Fr. Mariano Sevilla 6. Maximo Paterno
7. Fr. Bartolome Serra 7. Jose Basa
8. Fr. Miguel de Laza
9. Fr. Justo Guazon
10. Fr. Vicente Del Rosario
11. Fr. Pedro Dandan
12. Fr. Anacleto Desiderio
E
X “Late in the night of the 15th of February 1872, a Spanish court
martial found three secular priests, Jose Burgos, Mariano Gomez
C and Jacinto Zamora, guilty of treason as the instigators of a mutiny

E in the Kabite navy-yard a month before, and sentenced them to

death. The judgement of the court martial was read to the priests in
R Fort Santiago early in the next morning and they were told it would

P be executed the following day…”

T - Edmund Plauchut
 E
X
“Father, I know that not a leaf falls to the ground but by the will of C
God. Since He wills that I should die here, His holy will be done.” E
- Fr. Mariano Gomez
R
P
T
E
X “But what crime have I committed? Is it possible that I should die

C like this. My God, is there no justice on earth?”

E “But I am innocent!”

R - Fr. Jose Burgos

P
T
“The friars wanted to make an example of Burgos and his
E
companions so that the Filipinos should be afraid to go against them
from then on. But that patent injustice, that official crime, aroused X
not fear but hatred of the friars and of the regime that supported C
them, and a profound sympathy and sorrow for the victims. This
E
sorrow worked a miracle: it made the Filipinos realize their condition
for the first time.” R
P
- Apolinario Mabini,
T
La Revolucion Filipina
E
“Without 1872, there would have been no Plaridel, Jaena or
X Sanciongco; nor would the brave and generous Filipino colonies in

C Europe have existed. Without 1872, Rizal would now have been a
Jesuit and instead of writing "Noli Me Tangere," would have written
E the opposite. Observing those injustices and cruelties fired my

R young imagination and I pledge to dedicate myself and to avenge

some day those victims. With this idea, I have studied and this can
P be discerned in all my works and writings.”

T - Jose Rizal to Mariano Ponce