Multimedia Technology

By Koong Kok Leong

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Learning Outcome

• Able to explain multimedia

• Able to identify multimedia elements
• Able to identify different type of multimedia application
• Advantages and Disadvantages of Multimedia

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Introduction

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Multimedia

• Multi
• Many, Multiple
• Media
• Tools that is used to represent or do certain things, delivery medium, a
form of mass communication – newspaper, magazine, tv, radio,
Internet
• Information presentation & distribution tool – text, graphic, voice,
images, music and etc.

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Multimedia

• Media that uses multiple form of information content and

information processing.
• Using more than one medium of expression or communication

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Multimedia

• Multimedia also refers to the use of electronic media to

store and experience multimedia content.
• Multimedia is a combination of digitally manipulated
text, graphic, sound, animation, and video that is
delivered interactively to the user by electronic means.

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Basic Elements of Multimedia

• Text
• Graphics
• Animation
• Audio
• Video

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1. Text Element

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1. Text Element

 A broad term for something that contains words to

express something.
 Text is the most basic element of multimedia.
 A good choice of words could help convey the
intended message to the users (keywords).
 Used in contents, menus, navigational buttons

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2. Graphics

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2. Graphics Elements

 Two-dimensional figure or illustration

 Could be produced manually (by drawing, painting,
carving, etc.) or by computer graphics technology.
 Used in multimedia to show more clearly what a
particular information is all about (diagrams, picture).

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3. Animation

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3. Animation

 Produced by vibration, as perceived by the sense of

hearing.
 In multimedia, audio could come in the form of
speech, sound effects and also music score.
 Examples:
 Europe History -
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UY9P0QSxlnI
 World History –
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9DPV8pV_kPM&t=
56s

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4. Audio

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4. Audio

 Produced by vibration, as perceived by the sense of

hearing.
 In multimedia, audio could come in the form of
speech, sound effects and also music score.

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5. Video

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5. Video

 Is the technology of capturing, recording, processing,

transmitting, and reconstructing moving pictures.
 Video is more towards photo realistic image sequence
/ live recording as in comparison to animation.
 Video also takes a lot of storage space. So plan
carefully before you are going to use it.
 Example:
 https://www.youtube.com/

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6. Interactivity

• Interactive Content - Content that requires the participants’

active engagement that is more than simply reading or
watching.
• In return for that engagement, participants receive real-time,
hyper-relevant results they care about.

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Type of Multimedia
Presentation

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Type of Multimedia Presentation

• Linear Presentation - Linear active content progresses often

without any navigational control for the viewer such as a static
power point presentation.
• Non-Linear Presentation - Non-linear uses interactivity to
control progress as with a video game or self-paced computer
based training. Hypermedia is an example of non-linear
content.

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Linear Multimedia Presentation

• It is usually intended for display purposes with not much

interaction or distraction from the audience.
• It is also referred to as “Passive Multimedia.”
• Creator of the multimedia is in control.
• Main goals are to entertain, to transmit knowledge, and to
make people familiar on a certain topic without any form of
diversion.

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Examples

• A power point presentation

• A slideshow of pictures that goes on with a specific direction
• A storyline or movie

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Advantages

• Audience gets to focus and concentrate on a specific topic.

• The presentation is in logical order and organized
• Presenter controls the flow of the presentation.
• Effective when we need our audience to absorb the information
well

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Disadvantages

• Minimal interactivity, or none at all

• Audience has no say on the topic they want to dwell into.

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Non-Linear Multimedia Presentation

• It is a nonsequential type of multimedia where the person’s

participation is important as interactivity is put into
consideration.
• Interactive design is important in this type of presentation.

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Examples

• Website
• Interactive CD or DVD
• Game

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Advantage and Disadvantages

• Advantages:
• The person is in control according to his preferences and needs.
• Disadvantages:
• It may require a level of computer literacy from the user to interact
with the application.
• It may be hard to use if the design is not well organized

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Activity

• Access to the Internet and find an example of Linear and Non-

Linear Presentation.

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Hypermedia

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Hypermedia

• The network of interconnected media forms that are linked

together in a non-linear fashion we call the World Wide Web
are called hypermedia.
• Multimedia uses multiple forms of media thorough computer
software and hardware.
• Hypermedia, on the other hand, is a more diverse, non-linear
form of digital media.

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Advantages and
Disadvantages of Multimedia

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Advantages

• Easy to use.
• Increases learning effectiveness.
• Offer significant potential in improving personal
communication.
• Reduces training costs.

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Disadvantages

• Expensive
• Requires specific hardware or software
• Compatible issue may be encounter

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Authoring Software

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Authoring Software

• Use to merge multimedia elements (text,

audio, graphic, animation, video) into a
project.
• Designed to manage individual multimedia
elements and provide user interaction (if
required).

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Authoring Software

• Web page authoring tools (e.g., WYSIWYG HTML

editors)
• Software for directly editing source code or markup
• Software that generates web content on the basis of
templates, scripts, command-line input or "wizard"-type
processes
• Software for generating/managing entire web sites
(e.g., content management systems, courseware tools,
content aggregators)

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Multimedia Application

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Business

• Sales / Marketing Presentation

• Product Demos
• Staff Training
• Video Conferencing
• Simulations

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Education

• Courseware / Simulations
• E-Learning / Distance Learning
• Information Searching

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Entertainment

• Games (Leisure / Educational)

• Movies
• Video on Demand - Online Streaming

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Home

• Television
• Satellite TV

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Public Place

• Information Kiosk
• Ticket Kiosk

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Multimedia Products

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Multimedia Products

1. Briefing Products
2. Reference Products
3. Database Products
4. Education and Training Products
5. Kiosk
6. Entertainment and Games

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Briefing Products

• Small, straightforward, linear products used to present

information quickly and concisely.

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Briefing Products - Characteristics

• Short Development Cycle

• Limited Number of Presentations
• Usage of text to present information with limited use of
graphic, audio and video.
• Have few navigational controls. (mouse click and
button press to move from one page to another)
• Content and the format are suitable for the audience
and fulfil the purpose of the presentation.

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Briefing Product – Good Presentation

• The understanding of the presented subject.

• Seamless integration of content.
• Consistent layout

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Briefing Products - Examples
• Corporate Presentation
• Sales Presentation
• Educational Lectures

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Reference Products

• Often used for answering specific questions or for

general browsing of information. (stored on CD/ DVD
ROM)
• Nowadays referencing products are presented using
web based application on browser.

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Reference Products - Characteristics

• General reference products commonly used by wide range of

user from kids to adults.
• It consists either a navigational menu, book marking,
searching, printing utility features.
• It normally allow users to search and find particular piece of
data within the system.

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Category of Reference Products

• Generalized Content – It has a broad treatment of content at a

limited depth. And, dictionary and encyclopaedia are commonly
referred as the referencing products.
• Detailed/Specific Content - Focus on specific area and provide
extensive information.

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Reference Products – Good Usability

• The developers understanding the body of information and how

the end user will want to access it.
• Help function should always be available to explain how to
access and use the information

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Reference Products - Example

• Encyclopaedia
• Dictionaries
• Cookbooks, Historical, Informative
• Scientific surveys.

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Database Products

• Similar to reference product in a sense that large

amount of information are made available to the end
user.
• Focus on storing and accessing the actual data
(multimedia data such as text, graphic, audio,
animation and video)

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Database Products - Characteristics

• Manages multimedia data in large scale or in other

words a very large data.
• Descriptive finding methods such as content based
search
• Simultaneous access – digital and online which allow
simultaneous access by many users.
• Consistency in data management as it is manage in a
central repository.

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Database Products - Examples

• Google Search
• Google Earth
• Google Maps

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Education and Training Products

• Similar to textbook or training manuals but have added

media such as audio, animation and video.
• Make up a significant share of the multimedia market
ranging from pre-kindergarten to postgraduate
offerings from technical to corporate training products.
• It shares the same characteristics as Reference Product

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Category of Education and Training
Products
• Instructor Support Products
• Standalone or Self-Paced Products
• Combination Products

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Kiosk Products

• A product which is usually stationed at public places

and allow the user to find information interactively and
also other types of transaction.

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Kiosk Products - Characteristics

• Limited target users and usage.

• The interface should be simple and user friendly.
• It should be fast response to users.

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Categories of Kiosk

• Point Of Information - Provide certain information (example:

map, timetable etc)
• Point Of Sales System - Allow users to purchase or make orders

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Kiosk Products

• Information Kiosk in Airports, Malls

• Ticket Kiosk is Cinemas, Train Station
• Instant Photo Booth

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Game Products

• Most popular interactive multimedia products

• Shipped in the form of Interactive CD / DVD ROM and online
purchase.

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Game Products - Characteristics

• Immersive – user feeling completely involved in the

game.
• Requires constant feedback and interaction with the
user.
• Challenging and sometimes intriguing for user
• Enabled online play for more than one user experience

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Software Required

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Software Required to Install

• GIMP v2.10.10 - https://www.gimp.org/downloads/

• InkScape v0.92.4 -
https://inkscape.org/release/inkscape-0.92.4/
• Blender 3D v2.79 - https://www.blender.org/download/
• Audacity v2.31 - https://www.audacityteam.org/download/
• Open Shot v2.4.4 - https://www.openshot.org/download/
• Font Forge - https://fontforge.github.io/en-US/downloads/

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THE END

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