ETHICS Dr. Maria Eller Isabel T.

MIDTERM NOTES 1 Collantes

FEELINGS AND MORAL DECISION-
MAKING
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OBJECTIVES
Explain why universal values are necessary for human survival
Personality
• Psychology
• Sum total of the physical, mental emotional, and social
characteristics of an individual

• Anderson and Parker

• Personality is the totality of habits, attitudes and traits
that result from socialization and characterizes us in
our relationship with others

• Lawrence A. Pewin
• Personality represents those structural and dynamic
properties of an individual or individuals as they
reflect themselves in characteristics response to
situation
Never reply when you are angry.
Never make a promise when you are
happy.
Never make a decision when you
are sad.

Feelings
• Instinctive responses to moral dilemmas
• Feelings and intuitions or moral emotions
• Decisions people make vary when they are happy,
sad or emotional
• Words that come out from our mouth sometimes
are also affected by the emotion we feel.

• And so with our action

 Emotion
- To say feelings and institutions
- Most people do not realize how much their
emotions direct their moral choices
- But experts think it is impossible to make any
important moral judgements without emotions
- Evoked by suffering, such as sympathy and
empathy, often lead people to act ethically
toward others
- Indeed, empathy is the central moral emotion
that most commonly motivates prosocial
activity such as altruism, cooperation and
generosity
 Characteristics of Emotions
Emotional
experiences are Emotions have the
core of an emotion is
associated with some quality of
feeling
instincts or biological displacement
drives

The basic ways of The basic ways of Every emotional

expressing emotions expressing emotions experience involves
are inborn and it are inborn and it several physical and
develops through develops through physiological
maturation maturation changes in organism

Emotions are the Same emotion can be Emotions rise

products of aroused by a number abruptly and die
perception of different stimuli slowly
 • Mental associations and reactions to
emotions

Feeling • Caused by emotions

• Mental association and reactions
• Can be hidden

VS
• Physical states that arise as a
response external stimuli

Emotion • Aroused before feelings

• Physical states
• Can be observed through physical
reaction
 2 Related models in Ethics
1.Ethical subjectivism
- Moral statements report feelings or
opinions, and are therefore factual
2. Emotivism
- Moral statement express feelings
and are therefore non – factual
- EXAMPLE:
1. WITCH HUNT IS WRONG IS TRUE TO ME BECAUSE MY WIFE WAS
ACCUSED A WITHC
2. WITCH HUNT IS WRONG JUST MEANS “BOO WITH HUNTS!” AND
THERE’S NOTHING TRUE OR FALSE ABOUT THIS
FEELINGS AS OBSTACLES IN DECISION
MAKING

Feelings can be obstacle in making the right decisions

because of its three central features, they are:

1. Non deliberate in nature

2. Partial in nature

3. capricious./ unpredictable
 It signals
the need to
adjust
behavior

Feelings
It can help can help in Emotional
responses
us learn
from our making the can be
reshaped as
mistakes
right time pass
by
decision

accdg to
Gallinero
 • Outer directed • Inner directed
negative emotions negative emotions -
• aim to discipline or guilt, embarrassment,
REASON OR punish shame
FEELINGS • People often direct • Motivate people to
anger, disgust or act ethically
• Feelings cannot be contempt at those
solely relied upon who have acted Positive emotions
but reason and unethically like gratitude and
admiration, which
feelings may Emotions evoked people may feel
by suffering, such when they see
complement each as sympathy and someone acting
other empathy, often with compassion
lead people to act or kindness can
ethically towards prompt people to
other help others too
THANK YOU