PART OF SPEECH

THE MEMBERS OF
GROUP
FAUJIAH BR S
PELAWI
( 2221121006 )
DARA SITI RAUDHATUL
ZAHIRAH JANNAH
( 2223121019 ) ( 2223121003 )
 THE CONTENTS
• NOUN
• ADJECTIVE
• VERB
• CONJUNCRION
• PRONOUN
• ADVERB
• PREPOSITION
• INTERJECTION
 1. NOUN
Noun is a word that identifies a person, place or thing, or names one
of them.
The simple definition is: a person, place or thing.

Here are some examples:

• person : man, woman, teacher, John, Mary
• place : home, office, town, countryside, America
• thing : table, car, banana, money, music, love, dog, monkey.
 THE TYPES OF NOUN
1. Countable Nouns
They are things that we can count.
• bottle, box, litre
Countable nouns can be singular or plural:
• dogs

2. Uncountable Nouns

Uncountable nouns are substances, concepts etc. that we cannot

divide into separate elements.
Here are some more uncountable nouns:
• music, art, love, happiness
• advice, information, news
3. Compound Nouns

A noun that is made with two or more words. A compound noun is usually
[noun + noun] or [adjective + noun], but there are other combinations.
• football, blackboard, full moon, mother-in-law

4. Collective Nouns

A noun that represents a collection of individuals.

• 100 sailors, two children, a herd of cows

5. Possessive noun

• the student's books (one student)

• the students' books (two or more student)
6. Noun as Adjective
• Clever teacher
• Small office
• Black horse

7. Paper Nouns
The special word that we use for a person, place or organization.
• John, Marry, the United Kingdom, the UK, January.

8. Common Noun
• book, table, car
 2. ADJECTIVE
Adjectives describe a person or thing. They tell us
what somebody or something is like.

For examples :
·Beautiful
·More diligent
·the oldest
 ADJECTIVE CLASSIFICATION
• Comparative Adjectives
When we talk about two things, we can "compare" them.
There are two ways to make or to "form" a comparative adjective:"-er" and
"more".
For examples:
·Faster
·More beautiful

• Superlative Adjectives
A superlative adjective expresses the extreme or highest degree of a quality.
here are two ways to form a superlative adjective: “the” + “-est” and “most”
examples:
·the fastest
·the most beautiful
 • Proper Adjectives
"Proper adjectives" also describe people, places and things, but they are based on
names and therefore need to be capitalized, like the names.
Proper adjectives are mostly of two types:
• those that come from names of places—countries, continents, regions, cities.
Africa -> African
Alaska -> Alaskan
• those that come from names of people—usually famous people, mostly
historical, some modern.
Gautama Buddha -> Buddhist
Charles Darwin -> Darwinian
 • ADJECTIVE GRADABILITY

Adjectives describe qualities (characteristics) of nouns. Some qualities can vary in

intensity or "grade".
E.g : rather hot, hot, very hot; hot, hotter, the hottest.
The adjective hot is gradable.
Other qualities cannot vary in intensity or grade (non-gradable) because they are:
• extremes (for example: freezing)
• absolutes (for example: dead)
• classifying (for example: nuclear)
 3. VERB
We can describe verb as action word. This is because mostof the
verbs give the idea of action or doing something.
For example: words like swim, eat, do and all action state.

But some verbs do not give the idea of action, they give the idea
of existence, of state, of "being".
For example, verbs like be, exist, seem and all verb that convey state.
 VERB CLASSIFICATION

1. Helping Verbs

helping verbs have no meaning on their own. There are several helping
verbs in English, and we divide them into two groups:
• Primary helping verbs
These are the verbs be, do, and have.
• Modal helping verbs
We use modal helping verbs to "modify" the meaning of the main verb in
some way. E.g : I can't speak Chinese.
2. Main Verb
Main verbs have meaning on their own (unlike helping verbs). There are so
many action verbs, but we can classify it in several ways:

• Transitive and intransitive verbs

• Dynamic and stative verbs

• Regular and irregular verbs

• Catenative verbs
( E.g : I want to see a movie. )
4. CONJUNCTION
a word used to connect clauses or sentences or to
coordinate words in the same clause.
 1. COORDINATING
CONJUNCTIONS
For : To add a reason

And : To add a similar and equal idea

But : To add an oppisite idea

Or : To add an alternative posibility

Yet : to add an unexpected or surprising continuation.

So : To add expected result

(E.g Doctors say that stress is another longevity factor, so try to avoid stress if you wish
to live a longer life.)
 2. CONJUNCTION ADVERBS
( To add an equal and similar idea )
Also, besides, furthermore, in addition, moreover, As well, Too

( To add an unexpected or surprising continuation )

However, Nevertheless, Nonetheless, Still

( To add a complete contrast )

On the other hand

( To give an alternative posibility )

Otherwise

( To an expected result )
Accordingly, as a result, consequently, hence, therefore, thus

( To add an example )
For example, For instance

Example : Tuition at the community collage is low; in the other hand, tuition in privat school is
high.
 5. PRONOUN
A pronoun is a word that is used instead of a noun or noun phrase.
Pronouns refer to either a noun that has already been mentioned or to
a noun that does not need to be named specifically
 THE SEVEN TYPES OF PRONOUNS ARE :
1. Personal pronouns
• I, you, she, he, it, you, and they.
• me, you, her, him, it, us, you, and them.
• mine, yours, hers, his, its, ours, and theirs.

2. Demonstrative pronouns
• This, these, that and those

3. Interrogative pronouns
• who, whom, which, and what.

4. Relative pronouns
• whoever, whomever, and whichever
5. Indefinite pronouns.
• all, another, any, anybody, anyone

6. Reflexive pronouns.
• myself, yourself, herself, himself, itself, ourselves,
yourselves, and themselves.

7. Intensive pronouns ( identical in form to reflexive

pronouns )
• "I myself find pronouns fascinating."
 6. ADVERB
A word that describes a verb , an adjective, another adverb , or even a
whole sentence.
For examples : quietly, almost, never.
 THE TYPES OF ADVERB

• Adverbs of manner
• Adverbs of degree
• Adverbs of place
• Adverbs of time
• Adverbs of frequency
• Adverbs of purpose
• Jessie read quietly.
• I’ll be ready soon; I’m almost finished
 7. PREPOSITION
A word or group of words used before a noun, pronoun, or noun
phrase to show direction, time, place, location, spatial relationships,
or to introduce an object.

Another definition of preposition is a word that indicates the

relationship between a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase (as a
complement) and the other words of a sentence.
 INTERESTING LINGUISTIC FACTS
ABOUT PREPOSITIONS

• They are a closed class of words which means no new preposition gets
added to the language. We use a fixed set of prepositions.
• Prepositions do not have any other form. They cannot be plural,
possessive, inflection, or anything else.
• Most of the prepositions have many different contextual and natural uses.
So, it is easy to be confused about it.
• Sometimes a preposition works as nouns, adjectives, and adverbs.
.
 THE TYPES OF PREPOSITION
1.Simple Preposition
• I will leave at 9 P.M

2. Double Preposition
• Are you out of your mind?

3. Compound Preposition
• According to my calculations, this colour should work just fine.

4. Participle Preposition
• Barred from the entrance, he threw a fit.

5. Disguised Preposition
• I wake up at 5 o'clock. (Of the clock)
6. Detached Preposition
• Where are you coming from?

7. Prepositions of Time
• He started working at 10 AM.

8. Prepositions of Place and Direction

• He is at home

9. Prepositions of Agents or Things

• This article is about smartphones.

10. Phrasal Preposition

• They along with their children went to Atlanta.
 PREPOSITION WORDS

There are so many preposition words, even

hundreds of it. But, The most popular and
commonly used in daily life is; and, for, with, by,
but, of, during, near, at, up, down, behind, to, off,
below, inside, on, from, beside, among, in, out,
over, along.
 8. INTERJECTION

Interjection or often also called exclamation, is a word that is spoken

spontaneously to express feelings or thoughts that are felt or appear
suddenly, such as surprise, joy, pain, surprise, and so on.
 THE TYPES INTERJECTION
• To attract attention
• To show reluctance
• To call
• To show reproach
• To demonstrate a finding
• To show a separation or goodbye
• To indicate an expulsion
• To show happiness
• To demonstrate interrogation
• To demonstrate interrogation
• To show laugh
• To show fear
• To show praise
• To show respect
• Etc
QUESTIONS
1.

2.

3.
THANK YOU