World War I

Std X - History & Civics Board Project (2022-23)

 Podar International School – ICSE, ISCNERUL
Certificate

Student Name Chris Aedrian Alexander

Class: X Division: E Roll no.: 30
Examination No.: School: Podar International School

This is to certify that the Project work /Journal written has been performed by the student satisfactorily.
Date: 17.8.2022 Grade

External Examiner Internal Examiner

School Seal Principal Sign

v
Causes of the first world war

• Nationalism
• Imperialism
• Sarajevo crisis
Causes of the first world war: Nationalism

• Nationalism was one of the main causes of World War I, which began in
July of 1914, following the assassination of Austrian archduke Franz
Ferdinand. In fact, historians consider it to be one of four main long-term
causes of the war, along with: militarism, alliance systems
and imperialism. Nationalism was a particularly important cause of World
War I due to several key factors. For instance, it caused nations to build up
their armies and led to increased militarism. As well, it created extremely
high tensions in Europe in the decades before the outbreak of the First
World War. This was especially present during the Balkan Crisis before
World War I. Finally, nationalism was an important factor in why so many
volunteered for the war and fought on the front lines.
Causes of the first world war: Imperialism

• Imperialism was carried out by the powerful European nations against the
rest of world in the decades before World War I began. For example, in
the 19th century European nations carried out massive campaigns of
imperialism against the regions of Africa in an event known as
the Scramble for Africa. The Scramble of Africa led to the start of World
War I because it increased the rivalry between the European nations as
they fought against each other for territory in Africa and control over
different regions.​
Causes of the first world war :Sarajevo crisis

• Sarajevo Crisis, the immediate cause of the war was the murder of Archduke
Francis Ferdinand, the heir to the Austrian throne, on June 28, 1914 by a
Serbian at Sarajevo, capital of Bosnia. Austria served an ultimatum on
Serbia on July 23 making eleven demands. Serbia accepted most of the
demands except those that would have led to the loss of her sovereignty.
• Austria declared war on Serbia on July 28, 1914. Russia started preparation
for war to support Serbia. On August 1, 1914 Germany declared war on
Russia and on August 3, war was declared on France. German troops
marched into Belgium to press on to France on August 4 and on the same
day Britain declared war on Germany. Thus, the First World War began.
Effects of the first world war

• Downfall of monarchies
• Treaty of Versailles
• Birth of league of nations
Effects of the first world war: downfall of
monarchies

• World War I probably had more far-reaching consequences than any other
proceeding war. Politically, it resulted in the downfall of four monarchies--
in Russia in 1917, in Austria-Hungary and Germany in 1918, and in
Turkey in 1922. It contributed to the Bolshevik rise to power in Russia in
1917 and the triumph of fascism in Italy in 1922. It ignited colonial revolts
in the Middle East and in Southeast Asia.
 Effects of the first world war: Treaty of Versailles

• The terms of the Treaty of Versailles were announced in June 1919. The German politicians were not consulted about the
terms of the Treaty. They were shown the draft terms in May 1919. They complained bitterly, but the Allies did not take any
notice of their complaints. Germany had very little choice but to sign the Treaty.
• The main terms were:
• 1. War guilt
• Germany had to accept the guilt for starting the war.
• 2. Germany's armed forces
• The German army was limited to 100,000 men.
• Conscription (forced army service) was banned; soldiers had to be volunteers.
• Germany was not allowed armoured vehicles, submarines or aircraft.
• The navy could build only six battleships.
• The Rhineland became a demilitarised zone. This meant that no German troops were allowed into that area.
• 3. Reparations
• Germany had to pay for the damage caused by the war. The exact figure was not agreed until 1921 when it was set at £6,600
million, an enormous amount.
Effects of the first world war: Birth of league of nations

• The League of Nations was an international organization, headquartered

in Geneva, Switzerland, created after the First World War to provide a
forum for resolving international disputes. Though first proposed by
President Woodrow Wilson as part of his Fourteen Points plan for an
equitable peace in Europe, the United States never became a member.
Facts about the First World War

• When the First World War began that summer, most people thought it would be
over by Christmas. Many believed that Britain was so powerful it could win very
quickly. In fact, the First World War lasted four terrible years, not four months.
• Soldiers in the trenches would spend their days doing chores, firing at the enemy,
playing cards and writing letters home. Incredibly, nine out of ten men survived!
• This war was very different from conflicts of the past. For the first time,
powerful new weapons and vehicles were used – at sea, on land and in the air –
resulting in many people being killed or wounded. In Britain, you could
sometimes hear what sounded like thunder coming across the English
Channel from Europe. In fact, it was the huge boom of big guns, called artillery,
being fired on the Western Front. 75% of all men who died in World War 1 were
killed by artillery.
Bibliography

• Wikipedia.org
• Total history and civics textbook class x
• https://www.history.co.uk/article/10-little-known-facts-about-ww1
 Acknowledgment

I, Chris Adrian , would like to express my gratitude to the

Principal of Podar International School, Nerul who gave me the
opportunity to do a Project on the First World War.
I would also like to thank my History & Civics Teacher who
guided me and helped me throughout the project.
Finally, I would like to thank my Parents who were a constant
support to me, without whom this project would be impossible.

______________ ______________
External Examiner Internal Examiner
Thank You
X-E Chris Adrian Alexander
Roll no-30