RATIO AND PROPORTION 1

RATIO AND PROPORTION 1

What is a Ratio?

The ratio is a comparison of two like terms in its simplest form.

For example, we can compare the height of Ram and Shyam, We can compare the
weight of Ram and Shyam, but we can’t compare the height of Ram to the weight of
Shyam.

A Ratio is denoted as a:b or a/b where a is the antecedent and b is the consequent.
 RATIO AND PROPORTION 1
What is a Proportion?

Proportion is an equality between two ratios.

i.e. a: b :: c : d

Where a, b, c, and d are said to be in proportion.

a, b, c and d are referred to as first, second, third and fourth proportional
respectively.
 RATIO AND PROPORTION 1
Ratio:
In the ratio a : b, we call a as the first term or antecedent and b, the second term or
consequent.
Rule: The multiplication or division of each term of a ratio by the same non-zero
number does not affect the ratio.

Proportion:
If a : b = c : d, we write a : b :: c : d and we say that a, b, c, d are in proportion.
Here a and d are called extremes, while b and c are called mean terms.

Product of means = Product of extremes.

Thus, a : b :: c : d (b x c) = (a x d).
 Question 1
The ratio of the number of apples to oranges in a box is 5 : 9. If 10 apples are eaten,
the ratio becomes 1 : 3. Find the number of oranges in the box.

A) 35
B) 45
C) 55
D) 50
 Question 2
Two numbers are in the ratio 1 : 2. If 5 is subtracted from each, the new numbers are
in the ratio 1 : 3. The smaller number is:

A) 10
B) 20
C) 30
D) 40
 Question 3
If A varies directly with B, when A = 21, B = 7. Find the value of A when B = 5?

A) 5
B) 10
C) 15
D) 20
 Question 4
The ages of Ram and Anu are in the ratio 2 : 3. 15 years hence, the ratio of their
ages will be in the ratio 3 : 4. Find the present age of Anu.

A) 60
B) 45
C) 30
D) 15
 Question 5
If 2 : 3 :: x : 15 then, find the value of x.

A) 6
B) 8
C) 10
D) 12
 Question 6
The fourth proportion to 5, 8, 15 is _______.

A) 21
B) 22
C) 23
D) 24
 Question 7
A sum of money is to be distributed among L, M, N are in the proportion of 5 : 7 : 6.
If M gets Rs. 100 more than N, what is N’s share?

A) Rs. 500
B) Rs. 600
C) Rs. 700
D) Rs. 800
 Question 8
Two number are in the ratio 1 : 5. If 10 is added to each, the new numbers are in the
ratio 1 : 3. The smaller number is _________.

A) 10
B) 20
C) 30
D) 40
 Question 9
What is the least number that must be subtracted from 30, 70 and 190 such that the
resultant numbers are in continued proportion?

A) 8
B) 20
C) 5
D) 10
 Question 10
In a group of dogs and ducks, the total number of legs is 170 and the number of
heads is 54. Find the number of dogs in the group.

A) 27
B) 24
C) 31
D) 34
 Question 11
The ages of Arjun and Bharath are in the ratio 8:5. Fourteen years hence, the ratio of
ages will be 10:7. Find the age of Arjun six years back.

A) 50
B) 40
C) 60
D) 30
 Question 12
The ratio of ages of a mother and daughter is 4:2. The product of their ages is 512.
What will be the ratio of their ages after 4 years?

A) 9:2
B) 9:4
C) 9:5
D) 9:7
 Question 13
A person was to earn Rs.420 and a free holiday for six weeks’ work. He worked for
only 2 weeks and earned Rs.60 and a free holiday. What was the value of the
holiday in Rs?

A) 120
B) 80
C) 60
D) 30
 Question 14
Anu bought 15 cakes and 25 pizzas, Sonu bought 30 cakes and pizzas in some
number. Anu paid Rs. 50 for her purchase and Sonu paid Rs. 100 for his purchase.
How many pizzas did Sonu buy?

A) 20
B) 30
C) 40
D) 50
 Question 15
A man of height 180 cm casts a shadow 150 cm long. At the same time a lamp post
casts a shadow 500 cm long. What is the height of the lamp post in meters?

A) 5
B) 6
C) 7
D) 8
 Question 16
In a test, a student scores 2 marks for every correct answer and loses 1 mark for
every wrong answer. A student attempts all the 60 questions and scores 60 marks.
What is the number of questions that he answered correctly?

A) 20
B) 30
C) 40
D) 50
 Question 17
There are two glasses. The volume of second glass is thrice that of the first glass.
2/5th of one glass and 3/7th of the other glass are filled with milk. The remaining in
both glasses is filled with water. Both the glasses are emptied into a third vessel.
Find the ratio of milk to water in the third vessel.

A) 37:23
B) 4:3
C) 19:11
D) None
 Question 18
Vessel A contains 35 litres of milk and vessel B contains 40 litres of water. 10 litres
of milk is taken from vessel A and placed in vessel B. Then, 20 litres of the mixture
is taken from vessel B and placed in vessel A. Find the ratio of milk in vessel A to
water in vessel B.

A) 29:24
B) 25:24
C) 27:24
D) 31:24
 Question 19
In the photo studio, a group of boys arrange themselves for a photograph in such a
way that each row of boys above the bottom row contains one boy more than the
row just below it. If there are 7 rows in all and a total of 84 boys in the group, how
many boys does the bottom row contain?

A) 7
B) 8
C) 9
D) 10
 Question 20
A, B and C bought apples (in dozens) in the ratio of 9 : 6 : 4 and ate then over the
week in the ratio of 5 : 4 : 2. If A was left with one third of his apples, who was left
with the least number of apples?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) A&B
THANK YOU