Semester Project

Chemical Engineering 2021

Submitted By:
Mishal Shoukat 2021-CH-219

Shamir Zahoor 2021-CH-265

Sameer Arshad 2021-CH-267

Fahad Hussain 2021-CH-283

Submitted to:
Dr.Haider Ali
 Sub-Bituminous

 Sub-bituminous coal is a lower grade of coal that contains 35–45% carbon.

The properties of this type are between those of lignite, the lowest grade of
coal, and those of bituminous coal, the second-highest grade of coal. Sub-
bituminous coal is primarily used as a fuel for steam-electric power generation.
 Sub-bituminous coals, in the United States, typically have a sulfur content less
than 1% by weight, which makes them an attractive choice for power plants to
reduce SO2 emissions under the Acid Rain Program.
Reserves In World
 Reserves In Pakistan
•Pakistan has coal deposits in Sindh, Punjab and
Baluchistan provinces. The total coal resources there are
reported to be approximately 185 billion tonnes.
•Bituminous coal is a relatively hard and less sulfurus coal
containing a tar-like substance called bitumen and would be
burnt largely on domestic fires after being turned into coke
fuel. Sub-bituminous coal is a coal whose properties range
from those of lignite to those of bituminous coal and is used
primarily as fuel for steam-electric power generation. It is set
to fuel power stations and cement works in Pakistan.
 Properties
Sub-bituminous coals may be dull, dark brown to black, soft and crumbly at the lower
end of the range, to bright jet-black, hard, and relatively strong at the upper end.
§Inherent moisture 15-30% by weight
§Non-coking (undergo little swelling upon heating)
§The heat content of sub-bituminous coals range from 8300 to 11,500 BTu/lb or
19.3 to 26.7 MJ/kg.
§Their relatively low density and high water content renders some types of sub-
bituminous coals susceptible to spontaneous combustion if not packed densely during
storage in order to exclude free air flow.
 Applications

• Sub-bituminous coal is used in generating steam for the

production of electricity, and thus frequently used in
power plants.
• Moreover, sub-bituminous coal can be liquefied and
converted into petroleum and gas.
 Calculate
•The steam produced from boiler has following conditions:
Pressure ( 120 Bars), Temperature (540'C)
Fuel Data:
•C 540g/Kg
•H 6 2 g/Kg
•O 3 9 8 g/Kg
Ash Content of fuel : 50 g/Kg Heating
Value : 19.6 MJ/Kg
C + O2 -------- CO2
2H2 + O2 -------- 2H2O
 Steam Diagram

sub-bituminous
Mass and Energy Balance
Mass and Energy Balance
 Results

• Power consumed by the first pump to take feed water from 0.7 bar
to 3.5 bar = 0.038 MW
• Power consumed by the second pump to take feed water from 3.5

bar to 120 bar = 0.20 MW

• Power consumed by a fan to blow combustion air = 0.15 MW

• Power consumed by a fan to blow flue gas = 0.51 MW

Net Electric Efficiency:

• Net Electric Efficiency = 23.5%

District Heating Production:

• District Heating Production = 61.3%
GRAPH
Thank You