SWSE 2:UNDERSTANDING

THE PHILIPPINE SOCIAL

PROTECTION FRAMEWORK
AND STRATEGY
 OUTLINE OF TOPIC

I. The Philippine Definition of Social

Protection

II. The Social Protection Operational

Framework and Strategy

III. Other SP Initiatives

Social Protection Handbook

 Filipino families,
WHY WE NEED whether poor or
SOCIAL non-poor, face
various economic,

PROTECTION? environmental and

human-made risks.

Managing such risks

is important for
families to prevent
them from falling
into, falling deeper,
and trapped into,
poverty.

Many poor are being left behind.

 Official SP Definition
SDC Resolution No. 1 Series of 2007

Social Protection constitutes policies and

programs that seek to reduce poverty and
vulnerability to risks and enhance the social status
and rights of the marginalized by promoting and
protecting livelihood and employment, protecting
against hazards and sudden loss of income, and
improving people’s capacity to manage risks. (adopted
in 2007 by the SDC Cabinet Level)
 SP Components
Labor market
intervention
measures aimed at enhancing
employment opportunities and
protection of the rights and
welfare of workers

Social welfare

preventive and
developmental interventions that
seek to support the minimum
basic requirements of the poor
 SP Components
Social insurance
seeks to mitigate
income risks by pooling
resources and spreading risks
across time and classes

Social safety nets

stop-gap
mechanisms or urgent
responses that address
effects of shocks on specific
vulnerable groups
 Definitions:
Poor, Vulnerable & Marginalized
• Poor : Families whose income fall below the poverty threshold as
defined by the government and/or those that cannot afford in a
sustained manner to provide their basic

• Vulnerable refers to households confronted by ex-ante risk that if

currently non-poor, will fall below the poverty line, or if currently
poor, will remain in poverty. (NEDA)

• Marginalized people are those groups in society who, for reasons

of poverty, geographical inaccessibility, culture, language, religion,
age, gender, migrant status or other disadvantage, have not
benefited from health, education, employment and other
opportunities, and who are relegated to the sidelines of political
 The Social Protection
Framework and Strategy
 Definitions:
Risk, Poverty and Vulnerability
• Risk and Shock: Uncertain event that may damage
someone’s well-being leading to poverty ; Risks are
pervasive, but information on risks and shocks is mostly
scarce in a developing country

• Poverty: Income or spending is insufficient to ensure a

minimum level or state of well-being ( below an official
threshold)

• Vulnerability: Probability to become poor in the future;

sources of vulnerability are risks and shocks and lack of
physical, social and human capital to withstand shocks
 Identify the Different Kinds of Risks and Vulnerabilities

Individual and Life

Cycle Risks – from
womb till the tomb

Environment and Disaster Risks

– related to disaster

Economic Risks • Social and Governance

– related to Risks – crime related,
employment rebellion and corruption
and income
Types of Social Risks and Vulnerabilities
Social Risks Vulnerabilities
Individual hunger, illness, disability, old age,
Life-cycle death
Economic unemployment, underemployment,
low and irregular incomes; economic
crises

Environmental and typhoons, drought, floods,

Natural earthquakes, volcanic eruption
Social and armed conflicts, crime, corruption,
Governance social exclusion and discrimination
 Vulnerable Groups Affected by Major Social Risks in Phil.
Group or Sector
Children: 0 – 5 years old
6 – 14 years old
Youth: 15 – 24 years old
Elderly: 65 years old and above
Women
People with disabilities (PWDs)
Indigenous People
Rural and Urban Informal Communities
Risks and Vulnerabilities
Illness and death, hunger and malnutrition, stunted
growth
Poor education quality
Low human capital, unemployment and
underemployment, substance abuse
Illness and death, low or lack of income
Large family size, domestic violence, unemployment
and underemployment
Low human capital, unemployment and
underemployment, lack of access to services
Dislocation due to armed conflicts, natural disasters,
development projects, lack of shelter and housing,
access to water and sanitation
Dislocation due to armed conflicts, natural disasters
and demolitions, lack of shelter and housing, access to
water and sanitation
 Four Types of SP Responses
• Protective: ensure that basic needs are met (price control)
• Preventive: done before risk occurs; mainly reducing the
probability of risk occurring (vaccination, preventive health care)
 Mitigating help individuals reduce the impact of future risky
event (crop and health insurance; savings and food storage)
 Coping mechanisms alleviate impact of risk once it occurred
(relief and rehabilitation)
 Adapting mechanisms/resilience prepare individuals and
households for the next shock and risk (disaster
preparedness, fund availability)
• Promotive: allows people to save and invest (access to credit)
• Transformative helps people and communities build deeper
adaptive capacities (ordinance for children and women
protection, funds for disaster relief)
 IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY FOR SP

CONVERGENCE
Act of directing complementary and or
synergetic programs or interventions to
specified targets - poor households, families,
individuals and or communities.

It calls for the synchronization and coordination of all

interventions of the government (national and local)
and the private sector in one geographical area to
ensure that reforms in terms of poverty alleviation,
among others, are achieved.
 Rationale for a CONVERGENCE Strategy

• Vulnerability and poverty incidence are high

• The most effective approach is multi-
dimensional and multi-stakeholder
• Limited resources of government
• Varying capacities of national agencies and
local government; pooling expertise is key
• Avoidance of overlaps and duplication of
projects and programs
• Devel
• Cond
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 www.dswd.gov.ph

JON VOLTAIRE SABUELO