DIAGNOSING

Group 2
Boyo, Rosebeth
Pido, Kim Mia
Gamana, Kyla
Risos,Jasmine Joy
Apostol, Heinrich
Acala, Ruhby
 Nursing Diagnoses
• To used the concept of nursing diagnoses effectively in generating and
completing a nursing care plan.
• The nurse must be familiar with the definition of terms used and the
components of nursing diagnoses.
• Diagnosing refers to the reasoning process.
• The term diagnosis is a statement or conclusion regarding the nature
of a phenomenon.
• The standardized NANDA names for the diagnoses are diagnostic
labels
• The client’s problem statement , consisting of diagnostic labels plus
etiology
• Casual relationship between a problem and it’s related risk factors, is
called a nursing diagnoses.
Status of the Nursing Diagnoses
1. Actual Diagnosis is client problem that is present
at that time of the nursing assessment.
2. Health Promotion Diagnosis relates to client’s
preparedness to implement behaviors to improve
their health condition.
3. Risk Nursing Diagnosis is a clinical judgement that
a problem does not exist, but the presence of risk
factor indicates that a problem is likely to develop
unless nurses intervene.
4. Syndrome Diagnosis is assigned by nurses clinical
judgement to describe a cluster of nursing diagnoses
that have similar interventions.
COMPONENTS OF A NURSING DIAGNOSIS
-A nursing diagnosis has three components :

1. Problem (Diagnostic Label) and

definition
2. Etiology (Related factors and Risk
factors)
3. Defining Characteristics
Problem Diagnostic Label and
Definition
 It describes the clients health status clearly and concisely in a few
words.
 QUALIFIERS are words that have been added to some NANDA labels to
give additional meaning to the diagnostic statements, for examples;
 Deficient inadequate in amount , quality, or degree not sufficient
incomplete.
 Impaired made worse, weakened, damaged, reduced, deteriorated.
 Decreased lesser in size, amount or degree.
 Ineffective not producing the desired effect.
 Compromised to make vulnerable to threat.
EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE
What Factors Influence the Prevalence and Accuracy of Nursing Diagnoses
in Clinical Practice?
ETIOLOGY (RELATED FACTORS AND RISK FACTORS)
The etiology component of nursing diagnosis identifies one or more
probable causes of the health problem, gives direction to the required
nursing therapy and enables the nurse individualize the client’s care.

DEFINING CHARACTERISTICS
A cluster signs and symptoms that indicate the presence of a
particular diagnosis label.
The NANDA lists of defining characteristics are still being
developed and refined. In some cases characteristics are listed
separately according to whether they are subjective or objective in
nature.
DIFFERENTIATING NURSING DIAGNOSES FROM MEDICAL
DIAGNOSES
A nursing diagnosis is a statement of nursing
judgement and refers to a condition that nurses, by
virtue of their education, experience, and expertise, are
licensed to treat.
A medical diagnosis is made by a physician and
refers to a condition that only a physician can treat.
Medical diagnoses refers to disease processes-specific
pathophysiologic responses that are fairly uniform from
one client to another.
THE DIAGNOSTIC PROCESS
 Diagnostic Process
Uses the critical thinking skills of analysis of synthesis.
 Analysis
The separation into components, that is, the breaking down of the
whole into it’s parts (deductive reasoning.)
 Diagnostic Step Process
1. Analyzing Data
2. Identifying Health Problems, Risks, and Strength.
3. Formulating diagnostic statements.
Analyzing Data
Involves the following steps:
1. Compare data against standards
(identify significant cues)
2. Cluster the cues (generate
tentative hypothesis.)
3. Identify gaps and
inconsistencies.
IDENTIFYING HEALTH PROBLEMS, RISKS,
AND STRENGHTS.

1.Determining Problems and Risk

2.Determining Strengths
3.Formulating Diagnostic Statements
Basic Two-Part Statement
 Problem (P) : statement of the client’s response (NANDA label)
 Etiology (E) : factors contributing to or probable causes of the
responses
Basic Three-Part Statement
 Problem (P) : statement of the client’s response (NANDA label)
 Etiology (E) : factors contributing to or probable causes of the
responses
 Signs and symptoms (S) : defining characteristics manifested by the
client.
Minimizing Diagnostic Error
 Verify
 Builda good knowledge base and acquire clinical
experience.
 Have a working knowledge of what is normal.
 Consult resources.
 Base diagnoses on patterns that is, on behavior
over time, rather than on an isolated incident.