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3.7 The digestive system

LOs: Identify and describe the organs of the
digestive system. Describe how the products are
absorbed into the body.
Explain why the small intestine is an efficient exchange
surface
Starter: What is digestion, and
why is it so important?
Read the Collins connect pages
Keywords
Absorption Emulsify Lymphatic system
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Now using your knowledge from your reading,
complete the worksheet!
If you don’t have a printer, complete the worksheet
digitally OR if you’re viewing these files on a
phone/tablet, you could write out the worksheet in
your book

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1 Digestive system

mouth

stomach
Small intestine
large intestine

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2. Answers to the gap fill
enzymes fat insoluble large
protein small soluble sugar
• Digestion means to break the food down into
soluble
smaller _____________molecules.
• Chemicals in the body that speed up digestion
enzymes
are called _____________
• Bile from the liver helps with the digestion of
fats
_____________ . It emulsifies them by breaking
them down into smaller droplets to make it
easier for enzymes to act.
• Digested food is absorbed into the blood in the
small
_____________
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intestine.
3. Complete the table with the following hints:
Glucose//Fats// Making proteins and enzymes// amino acids

Large molecule Broken into … Purpose in the

body
Proteins

Carbohydrates Respiration and

energy

Fatty acids and Energy, cell

glycerol membranes and
hormones
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3. Complete the table with the following hints:
Glucose//Fats// Making proteins and enzymes// amino acids

Large molecule Broken into … Purpose in the

body
Proteins AMINO ACIDS MAKING PROTEINS
AND ENZYMES

Carbohydrates Respiration and

energy

Fatty acids and Energy, cell

glycerol membranes and
hormones
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3. Complete the table with the following hints:
Glucose//Fats// Making proteins and enzymes// amino acids

Large molecule Broken into … Purpose in the

body
Proteins AMINO ACIDS MAKING PROTEINS
AND ENZYMES

Carbohydrates GLUCOSE Respiration and

energy

Fatty acids and Energy, cell

glycerol membranes and
hormones
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3. Complete the table with the following hints:
Glucose//Fats// Making proteins and enzymes// amino acids

Large molecule Broken into … Purpose in the

body
Proteins AMINO ACIDS MAKING PROTEINS
AND ENZYMES

Carbohydrates GLUCOSE Respiration and

energy

FATS Fatty acids and Energy, cell

glycerol membranes and
hormones
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4. The role of each organ in the digestive system
Part Adaptation and function
SALIVARY GLAND Produces bile which neutralises stomach acid. Also
stores carbohydrates as glycogen
OESOPHAGUS Produces enzymes and has a large surface area.
Digests food and absorbs soluble food.
STOMACH Small bag like structure. Stores bile

LIVER Produces saliva to moisten food and digest food

GALL BLADDER Strong muscle, releases waste

SMAL INTESTINE Strong muscles, produces hydrochloric acid to

(DUODENUM) provide optimum pH for enzymes. Also kills harmful
microbes.

LARGE INTESTINE Absorbs water, solidifies waste

ANUS Muscular walls to move food by peristalsis

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jGme7BRkpuQ
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There is a second ‘higher tier’ level of worksheet
specifically focussing on the small intestine and the
digestion of fats.
This is extension and a more challenging level.
The information to help you complete this is largely
on p101 of the textbook.
This video may also help you.

https://www.youtube.com/watc
h?v=IymuO-sMsVI

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Now check your Answers
2 Small intestine
1. Long, folds, villi and microvilli that all increase the surface area for
diffusion and a rich blood supply and lymph vessels to take the food away
and maintain concentration gradients, very thin permeable membrane for
easy diffusion, very long to allow time for absorption (high demand students
may refer to ideas about active transport).
2. Less surface area so less absorption of food, in particular amino acids that
are used to make proteins for growth.
3 Digesting fat
1. Olestra has sugar units, fats do not; it is also a larger molecule with more
fatty acids.
2. Lipase or enzymes in digestive system will not digest it because it has a
different structure to fats.
3. It is not digested and so cannot be absorbed into the bloodstream, which
means it cannot be stored in the body as excess fat.
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NOW COMPLETE THE QUIZ ON COLLINS
CONNECT

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