Must, Have to, Should

General, external (rules, laws) HAVE TO

Obligation /
Necessity Specific, personal MUST

No obligation DON’T HAVE TO

Prohibition MUSTN’T
SHOULD /
Advice SHOULDN’T
Strong recommendations HAVE TO / MUST
Notes:
1. Have got to (spoken) = Have to
2. Should (not) = Ought (not) to
3. Must (mustn’t), Should (not), Ought (not) to are the same for all
subjects.
Where are you?
 Work in groups.
 Each group chooses a person to go to the front of
the class, backward to the board.
 Teacher will show 3 places on the board for each
group. The team members need to explain that
place to the chosen one using MUST, MUSTN’T,
(DON’T) HAVE TO, SHOULD (NOT) or CAN
(CAN’T). Remember not to mention the place in
your explanation.
 The group with the shortest time used wins.
Example
 The secret place: in an airplane
 Your possible explanations:
 You must have a ticket.
 You can listen to music or watch a movie.
 You don’t have to stay in your seat all the times.
 You can have jet lag after being in this place.
Ready? Let’s go!
 Group 1
 In a bus
Ready? Let’s go!
 Group 1
 In a bar
Ready? Let’s go!
 Group 1
 In Paris
Ready? Let’s go!
 Group 2
 In New York
Ready? Let’s go!
 Group 2
 In a taxi
Ready? Let’s go!
 Group 2
 In a stadium
Ready? Let’s go!
 Group 3
 In an office
Ready? Let’s go!
 Group 3
 In London
Ready? Let’s go!
 Group 3
 In a train
Ready? Let’s go!
 Group 4
 In a subway
Ready? Let’s go!
 Group 4
 In Rome
Ready? Let’s go!
 Group 4
 In a park
Your dream city
 Work in groups.
 Imagine that you are the leaders of a dream city of your
own.
 Discuss and set up the rules, laws and suitable manners
for your city. Remember to use SHOULD (NOT),
(DON’T) HAVE TO or MUST (MUSTN’T). You
have about 10 mins for your discussion.
 Then present your rules, laws and manners to the whole
class. You have about 3 mins for your presentation.
What should I do?
 Work in groups.
 Discuss in your group to create a dilemma (a very
difficult situation). ONLY provide the dilemma, not
solutions.
 Then Teacher will swap the dilemmas around so that you
can receive a situation from a different group. Discuss
with your group again to find out a solution. Then
present your solution in front of the class using
SHOULD (NOT), (DON’T) HAVE TO or MUST
(MUSTN’T). Other teams may also contribute their
ideas.
 Unlimited topics.
Example
 Possible situation: I am 26 and I have a new
boyfriend. My mum doesn’t like him at all. She says
he is too old for me (by the way, he is 42). Yet, he is
the best thing for me now. He is kind,
understanding, and although he has two children
with his first wife, I get on well with them. What
should I do?