ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT

ASSESSMENT OF
INDUSTRIAL PARK IN
HAMBANTOTA
Group No 01

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Presentation outlines
• Introduction
• EIA
• Industrial park
• Purpose and need
• No Action Alternative
• Other Alternative
• Cane sugar industry
• Pulp and paper industry
• Textile wet processing
• Environmental Impact
• Environmental Policy
• Treatment process 2
Introduction
Name of project : Construction project of industrial park with cane sugar
manufacturing, pulp and paper and textile wet processing
in Hambantota area

Name of investor : Sri Lankan Government

Project location : Beragama, Ambalantota, Hambantota

Area : Approximately 369ha

Industrial park consist with,

– Large scale cane sugar industry

– Medium scale paper and pulp industry
– Small scale textile wet processing industry
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Introduction Objectives
• Utilize readily available raw materials in the area

Sugar cane cultivation

• Increase the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the country

• Reduce expenditure on sugar imports
• Provide job opportunities for the youths in the area
• Increase the level of living standard and the infrastructure
development of the community.
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Introduction Site Location

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Introduction Site Location

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EIA Purpose and Main Steps
Purpose
Identify and predict the impact of the proposed Industrial Park
project in Hambantota district, on environment as well as on
man's health and well-being.

Process alternatives and provide solutions to sift out, or

abate/mitigate the negative consequences on man and the
environment.

Main steps
• Identification of the potential sources of impact
• Description of receiving landscape
• Evaluation of potential impact
• Determination of mitigation measures
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Industrial park Purpose and need

 The development in Hambantota district with respect to

social and economic aspects.
 Utilize a readily available raw material
 Provide job opportunities for the youths
 To encourage farmers by providing reasonable price for their
product
 Increase the level of living standard
 Land area can be efficiently utilized
 Infrastructure development
Three phase 400V electricity
Water supply

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Industrial park No Action Alternative

It will allow the currently on going processes to continue.

It means that there is no industrial park or any
improvement in the selected site area.

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Industrial park Other Alternative

Proposed Action Available alternatives

1. Industrial park Extending the paddy field area and
Alternative for the proposed action
industries such as rice mills

2. New cane sugar manufacturing Develop the Cane sugar

industry manufacturing industry in Sevenagala
Other two industries can establish in
another area

3. Discharge large amount of Reduced by adopting environmental

waste water from Textile industry friendly methods for processes

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Industrial park Cane sugar industry

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Industrial park Pulp and paper industry

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Industrial park Textile wet processing

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Industrial park Environmental Impact
Sugar Cane Industry
Wastewater
• water used to wash all incoming cane.
• water from the boiler house used to concentrate the sugar.
• water from cleaning all the equipment

The resultant impacts are not from toxic chemicals

Massive quantities of plant matter and sludge
As these decompose in freshwater bodies they absorb all the
available oxygen

leads to massive fish kills.

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Industrial park Environmental Impact
Textile Wet Processing
Use high volumes of water throughout its operations,
• washing of fibers to bleaching
• dyeing and washing of finished products.

The large volumes of wastewater generated also contain a

wide variety of chemicals.

These can cause damage if not properly treated before

being discharged into the environment.

Textiles wet processing creates the highest volume of

wastewater.

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Industrial park Environmental Impact

Impact on air
• Particulate matter from bagasse-fired steam boilers
• Odor emission.
• Ammonia during the concentration process.

Pulp And Paper Industry

• SO2 and NOx emission –acid rain

• Higher concentrations particulates (breathing problems )

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Industrial park Environmental Impact

Soil and Ground pollution

Factory farms concentrate an unnatural number of
animals in one place, which creates an unmanageable
amount of waste

Social
Odor, Eye irritation, respiratory difficulty
Resettlement of residential peoples

Construction
Deforestation
Noise pollution
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Industrial park Environmental consequences
Direct impact and indirect impact
Medium Impacts -/+ D/I P/S S/M R/ T/P L/RG A/U
/L IR /N

Surface Water pollution of stream - D P S R T L A

water Reduction of Flow volume - D S S R T L A

Loss of Stream flow as - D P M R T L A

sedimentation
Increase surface runoff - I S M R T L U
volumes
Flooding as sedimentation - I S L R T L A

Ground Reduced infiltration capacity D P M R T L U

water Contamination by chemical - I S M IR P L U

disposal
Contamination by waste - I S M IR T L A
disposal 18
Industrial park Environmental consequences
Direct impact and indirect impact
Medium Impacts -/+ D/I P/S S/M R/ T/P L/RG A/U
/L IR /N

Geology Soil erosion - D P M IR P R A

Water table change in area - I S M R T L U

Change in Ground surface D P L IR P L U

slopes

Loss of soil nutrients - I S M R T L U

Socioecono Introduction of new technology + D S M R P N A

mic
Increased access to area + D P L IR P N U
Increased employment + D P L R T N U
Increased dust/ noise - D P L IR T L U
emissions
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Industrial park Environmental consequences
Direct impact and indirect impact
Medium Impacts -/+ D/I P/S S/M R/ T/P L/RG A/U
/L IR /N

Wild life Loss of living area - I P L IR P L U

Reduce as hunting - I S S R T L A

Loss of diversity - D P L IR P L U

Fisheries Chemical damage to aquatic life - I S M R T L A

Loss of spawn areas due to sediment - I S M R T L A

Loss of food due to less light - I S M R T L A

penetration

Vegetation Loss of plant communities - D P L IR P L U

Traffic Increased accidents - I S L IR P N A

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Industrial park Mitigation measures
Impacts Typical Mitigation Measures
Water pollution Storm water drainage system to collect surface runoff

(Ground water/ Monitoring of ground waters

In case of oil waste, oil separation before treatment and discharge
Surface water)
into the environment

Air Pollution  Dilution of odorant, odor counteraction or neutralize, odor masking

or blanketing
 Regular monitoring of air polluting concentrations
Dust pollution  Installation of windscreens to break up the wind flow
 Providing dust collection equipment at all possible points
 Maintaining dust levels within permissible limits
 Provision for masks when dust level exceeds
Soil  Windscreens, maintenance, and installation of ground cover
 Installation of drainage ditches
 Runoff and retention ponds
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Industrial park Mitigation measures
Impacts Typical Mitigation Measures
Social Health and safety measures for workers
Provide sufficient counseling and time to the affected population for
relocation
Solid/Hazardous Proper handling of excavated soil
waste
Proper plan to collect and dispose off the solid waste generated onsite.
Prohibit burning of refuse onsite

Deforestation Plant or create similar areas

Initiate a tree planning program in other areas

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Industrial park Environmental Management Plan

POLICY, LEGISLATIVE AND REGULATORY

CONSIDERATION

Given the Environmental Laws and

Regulations course
manual as a reference

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Environmental Policy

The National Environmental

Act (NEA) of 1980 is the
basic national charter for
protection of the environment

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Environmental Policy
The objectives of NEA are to:
Declare a national policy that will encourage
productive and enjoyable harmony between man and
the environment

Promote efforts that will prevent or eliminate damage

to the environment and biosphere and stimulate the
health and welfare of man

Enrich the understanding of the ecological systems

and natural resources important to the Nation
Establish the CEA

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Environmental Policy
NEA :
Amended by Act No.56 of 1988

Amended by Act No.53 of 2000

Legislation :
Coast Conservation Act No. 02 of 1981(CCA)
Fauna and Flora Protection Ordinance No. 02 of 1987
National Heritage and Wilderness Act

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Environmental Policy Sri Lankan standards

General effluent standards for Sugar Industry

Characteristics Tolerance Limits

pH 5.5-8.5
TSS mg/litre, Max 100
BOD (5 days at 200 C) mg/litre, Max 100
COD, mg/litre, Max 250

General effluent standards for Paper and Pulp Industries

Characteristics Tolerance Limits

pH 5.5-9
Suspended Solids, mg/l 100
BOD5 days at 200C, mg/l
100
Max
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Environmental Policy Sri Lankan standards
General effluent standards for textile wet process

Characteristics Tolerance Limit

Colour and odour Absent * *
Air Emission Standards for
Total dissolved solids, mg/L, Max 2100
Air Polluting Industries.
Suspended solids, mg/L, Max 100
Biochemical oxygen demand
(5 days at 200 C) mg/L, Max 100 National Environmental
Chlorides as (Cl) mg/L, Max 600 (Ambient Air Quality)
Hexavalent chromium (as Cr) mg/L,
0.1 Standards
Max
Total chromium (as Cr) mg/L, Max 2
National Noise Control
Sulphide (as S) mg/L, Max 2
Standards
Sodium %, Max 60
Chemical oxygen demand mg/L, Max 250
pH Value 6.0-9.0
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Treatment process Cane sugar industry
Material balances for 100tonnes sugar unit

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Treatment process Cane sugar industry
Waste water treatment processes

Parameters Range of value

pH 4.6 – 6.0

Suspended solid (mg/l) 250 - 300

BOD5 (mg/l) 1000 - 1500

COD (mg/l) 2000 - 3000

Dissolved solids (mg/l) 1000 - 1200

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Treatment process Pulp and paper industry
Waste water treatment processes

Parameters Tolerant limit

pH 5.5 – 9.0

BOD (mg/l) 100

Suspended solid (mg/l) 100

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Treatment process Textile wet process

Parameters Tolerant limit

pH 6.0 – 9.0

Total dissolved solid

2100
(mg/l)

BOD (mg/l) 100

COD (mg/l) 250

Suspended solid (mg/l) 100

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THANK YOU

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