Organization &

Body Systems
 Levels of Organization
►Body is organized into levels from most
simple to most complex
Levels of Organization
The body's level of organization is composed
of six levels :
 Chemical level
 Cellular level
 Tissue level
 Organ level
 System level
 Organism level
 Chemical Level
►Includes Atoms and
Molecules
Atoms :
►Most simple
►Compose all substances
►Chemicals elements
 Molecules

►Atoms joined
together form
molecules
►Example:
amino acids
 Macromolecules

►Molecules joined
together form
macromolecules
►Example: protein
 Organelles
► Tiny structures found
in cells that perform
cellular functions
► Example:
mitochondria –
supplies cell with
energy
 Cells
►Macromolecules found in all cells
►Basic unit of all living things
 Tissue
►Composed of similar types of cells and
performs a specific function
►Example: blood, muscle, fat
 Organs
►Groups of tissues
working together
to perform a
specific function
►Example: heart,
stomach
Organ System
►Groups of organs that
perform a particular
function
►Example: digestive
system: supply body
with the nutrients
needed for growth and
repair
 Organism
► All the body systems make
up an organism
► Unicellular organism: made
up of one cell
►Example: amoeba
► Multicellular organism:
made up of many cells
►Example: gorillas,
humans
 Review
1. ________ is concerned with the structure
or an organ or part, while ________ is
concerned with the function.

ANSWER: Anatomy, Physiology

2. ___________ are groups of tissues
working together to perform a specific
function.

Answer: Organs
3. ______________ organisms are made up
of many cells, while ___________
organisms are made up of one cell.

►ANSWER: multicellular, unicellular

4. Basic unit of all living things are called
________.

ANSWER: cells
 Introduction
► Organs in the body
work together in
systems
► 11 organ systems in
the body
► Organ systems can be
divided into 4
categories based on
function
 Body
Systems

Support,
Integration & Maintenance Reproduction &
Movement,
Coordination of the Body Development
& Protection
Support, Movement, &
Protection

► Integumentary System

► Skeletal System

► Muscular System
Support, Movement, &
Protection
► Integumentary System:
 Organs: skin and accessory
organs (hair & nails)
 Function: protects tissue,
regulate body temperature &
contains sense organs
Support, Movement, &
Protection…
► Skeletal System
 Organs: bones, cartilage,
& ligaments
 Function: protects body
parts, produce blood
cells, stores calcium &
phosphorus salts
Support, Movement, &
Protection…
► Muscular System
 Organs: skeletal, cardiac,
and smooth muscles
 Function: move
voluntarily, respond to
stimuli, produce body
heat
 Integration & Coordination

► Nervous System

► Endocrine System
 Integration & Coordination…
► Nervous System
 Organs: brain, spinal
cord & nerves
 Function: conducts
nerve impulses from
the sense organs to
the brain and then to
the muscles and gland
 Integration & Coordination…
► Endocrine System:
 Organs: Hypothalamus,
pituitary, thyroid,
parathyroid, adrenals,
pancreas, ovaries, testes
 Function: secretes
chemicals(hormones) that
are messengers between
body part, maintain proper
functioning of
reproductive system
Maintenance of Body
► Circulatory
(Cardiovascular) system
► Immune (Lymphatic)
System
► Respiratory System
► Digestive System
► Urinary System
Maintenance of Body
► Circulatory
(Cardiovascular) system:
 Organs: Heart, blood
vessels, blood
 Function: transports
nutrients and oxygen to
cells through blood,
removes wastes
Maintenance of Body…
► Immune (Lymphatic)
System:
 Organs: Lymph nodes,
thymus, spleen
 Function: protects body
from disease
 Maintenance of Body…

► Respiratory
System:
 Organs: Nose,
pharynx, larynx,
trachea, lungs
 Function: bring
oxygen into lungs
and take carbon
dioxide out of the
lungs
 Maintenance of Body…

► Digestive System:
 Organs: mouth,
pharynx, esophagus,
stomach, small &
large intestine, rectum
 Function: receive
food and digest into
nutrient molecules
 Maintenance of Body…
► Urinary System:
 Organs: kidneys and
urinary bladder
 Function: gets rid of
nitrogenous wastes, helps
regulate fluid level and
chemical content of the
blood
 Reproduction & Development
► Reproductive System:
 Organs:
Male: testes, epididymis,
vas deferens, urethra,
penis Female: ovaries,
Fallopian tubes, vagina,
uterus
 Function: produce sex
cells, nourish and protect
fetus (female)