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Rifana
 OLEH :
dr. Rifana Cholidah
BAGIAN ANATOMI FK UNRAM
Kuliah Poltekes Mataram

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CAVUM ORIS (RONGGA MULUT)

 BATAS SUPERIOR : PALATUM DURUM,

PALATUM MOLLE
 ANTERIOR : LABIA
 LATERAL : BUCCA
 INFERIOR : DIAPHRAGMA ORIS
 M. GENIOHYOIDEUS

 M. MYLOHYOIDEUS

 ISI : LINGUA
 TERBAGI: VESTIBULUM ORIS DAN CAVUM
ORIS PROPRIA
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MM. MASTICATORIA
 M. MASSETER
 M. TEMPORALIS
 M. PTERYGOIDEUS LATERALIS
 M. PTERYGOIDEUS MEDIALIS

GLANDULA SALIVATORIA/SALIVARY
GLANDS:
 GLD. PAROTIS

 GLD. SUBLINGUALIS

 GLD. SUB MANDIBULARIS

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 VASCULARISASI
 RAMI LABIALIS SUP. CABANG DARI A.
INFRAORBITALIS DAN A. FACIALIS
 RAMI LABIALIS INF. CABANG DARI A. MENTALIS DAN
A. FACIALIS

INNERVASI
 RAMI LABIALIS SUP. CABANG DARI N.
INFRAORBITALIS (V2)
 RAMI LABIALIS INF. CABANG DARI N. MENTALIS (V3)

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BUCCA :
 SUSUNAN SAMA DENGAN LABIA
 OTOTNYA M. BUCCINATOR
 FUNGSI: MENDORONG MAKANAN DARI VESTIBULUM
ORIS KE CAVUM ORIS PROPRIUS

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DENTES / TEETH

 TERTANAM DALAM ALVEOLI

 MASTICATION/CHEWING
 ASSISTINGBIN ARTICULATION
 20 DENTES DECIDUALIS/PRIMARY TEETH
 32 DENTES PERMANENTES/SECONDARY TEETH
 DENTES DECIDUALIS MULAI TUMBUH 6-8 BL.
 DENTES PERMANENTES ADA 3 JENIS:
 I 2; C 1; P2; M3
 M3 SERING DISBT WISDOM TEETH, SERING MUNCUL
AKHIR BELASAN TAHUN ATAU AWAL DUA PULUHAN

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PALATUM / PALATE
 PALATUM DURUM ------ HARD/OSTEUM
 PALATUM MOLLE ------ SOFT/MUSCULAR
 N. NASOPALATINUS ADALAH SARAF YANG DARI
CAVUM NASI KE CANALIS INCISIVUS
 SEBELAH MEDIAL DARI M3 ADA LUBANG -----
FORAMEN PALATINUM MAJOR
 DI BAGIAN LATERAL DARI PALATUM DILEWATI OLEH:
 A. V. N. PALATINA MAJOR BERJALAN KE
ANTERIOR DARI PALATUM

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CONTINUED

 FORAMEN PALATINA MINOR DILALUI OLEH

A. V. N. PALATINA MINOR MELAYANI
PALATUM MOLLE
 UVULA: TONJOLAN TENGAH 2 PALATUM
MOLLE.

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OTOT-OTOT PALATUM MOLLE:
 TENSOR VELI PALATINI
 LEVATOR VELI PALATINI
 PALATOGLOSSUS
 PALATOPHARYNGEUS
 UVULAE

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LINGUAE / TONGUE
 CORPUS: V3, VII; XII
 RADIX: IX, X
 MENGADUK MAKANAN; MENDORONG
MAKANAN; MENGECAP

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 SALURAN, ADA OTOT-OTOT KECIL

ESOPHAGUS:
 1/3 SUPERIOR; 1/3 TENGAH; 1/3 DISTAL

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GASTER

 HURUF J
 DIPENGARUHI OLEH ISI; TYPE TUBUH; POSISI TUBUH;
PHASE RESPIRASI
 CARDIA, FUNDUS, CORPUS, PYLORUS; CURVATURA
MINOR ET MAJOR
 MESOGASTRIUM; MYOGASTRIUM ADA 3 LAPIS/JENIS
MENURUT ARAH OTOTNYA
 TOPOGRAPI: EPIGASTRIUM

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 CONTINUED

VASCULARISASI:
 A. V. COELIACUS CABANG DARI AORTA
ABDOMINALIS
 CABANG A. COELIACUS:
 A. GASTRICA SINISTER
 A. HEPATICA COMMUNIS
 A. HEPATICA PROPRIA
 A. GASTRODUODENALIS --- A. GASTRO
OMENTALIS DEXTER
 A. GASTRICA DEXTRA
 A. LIENALIS: A. GASTRICA BREVIS, A.
GASTRO OMENTALIS SINISTER
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INTESTINUM
 INTESTINUM TENUE
 INTESTINUM CRASSUM
TENUE: DUODENUM; JEJUNUM; ILEUM
CRASUM:
1. CAECUM --- APPENDIX VERMIFORMIS
2. COLON ASCENDENS
3. COLON TRANSVERSUM
4. COLON DESCENDENS
5. COLON SIGMOID
6. RECTUM
7. ANUS
TINEA COLI; HAUSTRA; APPENDICES EPIPLOICAE

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INTESTINUM TENUE
 Terbentang dari pylorus sampai
ileosaecal junction, tempat ileum
bersatu dg intestinum crassum.
 Terdiri dari :
 Duodenum
 Jejenum
 Ileum

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DUODENUM
 Terpendek, paling lebar, & paling mantap
kedudukannya
 Berbentuk huruf C
 Bagian Proksimal (pertama) yg pendek (5
cm), terletak ventrolateral terhadap CV
Lumbal I
 Pars Desendens (kedua) : 7 – 10 cm
 Pars Horizontalis (ketiga) : 6 – 8 cm
 Pars Ascendens (keempat) : 5 cm

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JEJUNUM & ILEUM
 Awal intestinum jejunum terdapat
pada flexura duodenojejunalis dan
intestinum ileum berakhir pada
ileocaecal junction
 Panjang bersama jejunum dan
ileum : 6-7 cm

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INTESTINUM CRASSUM
 Terdiri atas : caecum, appendix
vermiformis, colon, rectum dan canalis
analis
 Intestinum crassum dp dibedakan dari
intestinum tenue ok :
 Tiga pita otot yang menebal, dikenal sebagai
taenia coli
 Sakulasi dinding intestinum crassum antara
taenia coli, dikenal sbg haustra
 Kantong omentum yg kecil, berisi lemak, disebut
appendices epiploicae (omentales)

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LIVER
 The liver—the largest internal organ,
largest gland in the body.

 Weight about 1,5 kg.

 Intraperitoneal visceral organ.

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Location
 Inferior of diaphragm, which it
sparates from the pleura, lungs,
pericardium, and heart.

 Right hypochondriac, epigastric

regions, may to papilla of left breast.

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Surface anatomy of liver
 Mainly in upper quadrant.
 It is hidden and protected by:
thoracic cage and diaphragm.
 The normal liver lies deep to ribs 7
through 11 on the right side and
crosses the midline toward the left
nipple.

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Lobulation/Lobes of the Liver
 Anatomically—based only on external
features-- the liver is described as
having four lobes (lobus, lobi): right,
left, caudate, and quadrate.
 Functionally– in terms of blood supply
and glandular secretion the liver is
divided into independent right and
left parts –portal lobes.

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ANATOMICALLY LOBES
 Right and left lobes sparate by: plane
through IVC and GB.
 Left lobe divide true left and central

(caudate and quadrate) lobes by:

plane through round ligament/
umbilical vein and ductus venosus/
ligamentum venosum.
 Caudate and quadrate lobes sparate by

porta hepatis or hepatic portal.

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Biliary ducts and Gallbladder
 Bile produced in the liver and stored
in the gallbladder.

 Gallbladder sends concentrated bile

to duodenum when foods enters the
duodenum.

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BILE DUCT
 The bile duct (common bile duct)
forms in the free edge of the lesser
omentum by the union of the cystic
duct and common hepatic duct.
 Enter to left side wall of the
descending part of the duodenum
unite with the main pancreatic duct to
form hepatopancreatic ampulla
(ampulla of Vater).

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 PANCREAS
PANCREAS

 KELENJAR EXOCRINE
KELENJAR EXOCRINE DANDAN ENDOCRINE
ENDOCRINE
 EXOCRINE ---
EXOCRINE --- ORGAN
ORGAN 22 YG,
YG, DPT.
DPT. MENGHIDROLISIS
MENGHIDROLISIS :: PROT,
PROT,
LEMAK, KH
LEMAK, KH
 ENDOCRINE ----
ENDOCRINE ---- PULAU
PULAU 22LANGERHANS
LANGERHANS ----
---- MENGHASILKAN
MENGHASILKAN
INSULIN DAN
INSULIN DAN GLUCAGON
GLUCAGON ---- ---- PERANAN
PERANAN PENTING
PENTING DALAM
DALAM
METABOLISME KH.
METABOLISME KH.
 ORGAN LUNAK,
ORGAN LUNAK, BERLOBUS
BERLOBUS
 TERLETAK PADA
TERLETAK PADA DINDING
DINDING POSTERIOR
POSTERIOR ABDOMEN,
ABDOMEN,
RETROPERITONEAL
RETROPERITONEAL
 DIBAGI MENJADI
DIBAGI MENJADI :: CAPUT,
CAPUT, COLLUM,
COLLUM, CORPUS
CORPUS DAN
DAN CAUDA
CAUDA
 DUCTUS ::
DUCTUS

 DUCTUSPANCREATICUS
DUCTUS PANCREATICUSMAJOR
MAJOR

 DUCTUSPANCREATICUS
DUCTUS PANCREATICUSMINOR
MINOR(ACCESSORIUS)
(ACCESSORIUS)

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 DINDING VENTROLATERAL
ABDOMEN

 OTOT
 VESSELS
 NERVES
 HERNIA

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REGIO 2
ABDOMEN:
 REGIO (9)
 QUADRAN (4)

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 PERITONEUM
 PARIETAL
 VISCERAL
 CAVUM PERITONEUM:
 CAVUM PERITONEUM PROPRIA
 BURSA OMENTALIS
 OMENTUM MAJUS
 OMENTUM MINUS
 INTRAPERITONEAL
 EXTRAPERITONEAL:
 RETRO - PRE
 SUPRA - SUB

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