- Induction Generators are constructed based on

squirrel-cage induction motors, which are cheap

and reliable.

- Unlike synchronous generators, induction

generators can be directly connected to the utility
grid and driven by wind turbine rotor blades at
variable wind speeds without synchronization.

- Induction generators require reactive power,

typically provided by shunt capacitors in
individual wind turbines.

INDUCTION
GENERATOR
Induction generator
◦ - Induction machines are also known as Asynchronous Machines.
◦ - An induction generator produces AC electricity when rotated faster than its normal operating speed.
◦ - No rectifiers or inverters are required for an induction generator connected to the utility grid.
◦ - Three-phase induction machines are well suited for wind energy and hydroelectric generation.
◦ - The rotor of an induction machine is designed with a squirrel-cage structure, where conducting bars are embedded within the
rotor's body and connected by shorting rings..
Synchronous Generators Overview

• Major source of commercial electrical

energy.

• Convert mechanical power from steam, gas,

reciprocating, and hydro turbines.

• Used in some wind turbine designs.

SYNCHRONOUS
GENERATOR
Elements Synchronous Generator
Speed of operation / Rotor speed For a given frequency, synchronous
motor always turn at a constant speed motor always turn at a speed less
called as synchronous speed
whatever the amount of load it may
be on it.
Effect of load on speed of the The speed of synchronous motor is
rotor not dependent on the load thus
remains constant at all load.
Rotor speed formula For synchronous motor RPM=120f/p
Rotor construction Salient pole, non-salient pole or
permanent magnet rotor are used in
synchronous motor.
Control mechanism for operation Synchronous motor require some
form of control to operate
Induction Generator
For a given frequency, induction
than synchronous speed.
The speed of induction motor is
dependent on the load, the speed
decreases with the increase in load.
For induction motor RPM=120f/p –
slip.
A squirrel cage rotor or wound rotor
are used in induction motor.
Induction motor do not require any
control to operate.
- Synchronous generators and motors have similar rotor designs
(salient-pole and cylindrical) with field windings producing the
magnetic field.

- On the other hand, squirrel-cage induction motors have a unique rotor

design consisting of shorted conductive bars and end rings that
generate an asynchronous torque.

- “Slip” in an AC induction motor is defined as the speed of the rotor

drops below the stator speed, or synchronous speed, the rotation rate
of the magnetic field in the rotor increases, inducing more current in
the rotor's windings and creating more torque.

- Slip is required to produce torque.

 Asynchronous vs. Synchronous Programming
◦ Asynchronous is a non-blocking architecture, so the execution of one task isn’t dependent on another.
Tasks can run simultaneously.
◦ Synchronous is a blocking architecture, so the execution of each operation depends on completing the
one before it. Each task requires an answer before moving on to the next iteration.

Asynchronous Synchronous
Multi-thread, which means operations or programs Single-thread, so only one operation or program will
can run in parallel. run at a time.

Non-blocking, which means it will send multiple Blocking — it will only send the server one request
requests to a server. at a time and wait for that request to be answered by
the server.

Increases throughput because multiple operations can Slower and more methodical.
run at the same time.
Calculation for Generator
◦ To determine how many watts your generator requires to run all in home appliances, we need to add up the watts
they use to run continuously. Then, add the highest number of starting watts appliances use. For example, consider
that have the following:
• An air conditioner that requires 1,100 running watts and 1,700 starting watts
• A refrigerator that requires 800 running watts and 2,400 starting watts
• A television that requires 500 running watts and 0 starting watts
• A tea kettle that requires 600 running watts and 0 starting watts
◦ Add your running watts to get 1,100 + 800 + 500 + 600 = 3,000. Then add the highest starting wattage of all your
appliances to that total. In this case, the highest starting wattage is 2,400 from the refrigerator. So, we need a
generator with at least 5,400 starting watts and 3,000 running watts.