MODELING AND SIMULATION OF 4 LEG 3 PHASE INVERTER FOR HIGH POWER QUALITY BY USING HESS IN MICRO GRIDS

Under the Guide of

B. Lalitha kumari, M.Tech
Assistant Professor

PRESENTED BY:
B.Bhavani soujanya-196K5A0204
V.Mani Vardhan-196K5A0239
M.Rani-186K1A0204
M.Veerababu-196K5A0221
K.V.V.Sai Durga-196K5A0216
CONTENTS
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
PROPOSED SYSTEM
ADVANTAGES
BLOCK DIAGRAM
CONCLUSION
 ABSTRACT
 A dedicated energy storage system could contribute to a better integration
of RES into the microgrid by smoothing the renewable resource’s
intermittency, improving the quality of the injected power and enabling
additional services like voltage and frequency regulation.
 However, due to energy/power technological limitations, it is often
necessary to use Hybrid Energy Storage Systems (HESS). In this paper, a
second order sliding mode controller is proposed for the power flow control
of a HESS, using a Four Leg Three Level Neutral Point Clamped (4-Leg
3LNPC) inverter as the only interface between the RES/HESS and the
microgrid. A three-dimensional space vector modulation and a sequence
decomposition based AC side control allows the inverter to work in
unbalanced load conditions while maintaining a balanced AC voltage at the
point of common coupling.
 DC current harmonics caused by unbalanced load and the NPC floating
middle point voltage, together with the power division limits are carefully
addressed in this project.
INTRODUCTION
 Energy storages introduce many advantages such as balancing generation
and demand, power quality improvement, smoothing the renewable
resource’s intermittency, and enabling ancillary services like frequency and
voltage regulation in microgrid (MG) operation.
 Hybrid energy storage systems (HESSs) characterized by coupling of two
or more energy storage technologies are emerged as a solution to achieve
the desired performance by combining the appropriate features of different
technologies.
 A single ESS technology cannot fulfill the desired operation due to its
limited capability and potency in terms of lifespan, cost, energy and power
density, and dynamic response. Hence, different configurations of HESSs
considering storage type, interface, control method, and the provided
service have been proposed in the literature.
 The use of an ESS integrates constraints such as admissible bandwidth,
maximum ratings, current/power maximum gradient and the number of
cycles. If these constraints are not respected it can lead to a dramatic lifetime
reduction of the ESS, or in certain cases, to its destruction.
 The use of a Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS) offers the necessary
trade-off for increasing the lifetime of each ESS while also increasing the
global specific energy and power of the whole system.

 The floating b) and parallel c) topologies are active topologies that use
DC/DC converters to manage energy flows directly. They are already being
used within the industry and fulfil a high standard (stress reduction and
specific power/energy enhancement

 Finally, despite a lower flexibility when compared to the parallel topology,

the 3L-NPC topology d) can be used as a single power converter able to
manage the power flow of a HESS, acting as an interface between the RES
and the grid.
 PROPOSED SYSTEM
 The 4 Leg 3LNPC inverter has been chosen to interface the HESS with the
microgrid due to its low THD, high efficiency and its ability to manage
unbalanced AC loads through the 4th leg.
 The objective of the paper is to prove that by adding the fourth leg to a 3L-
NPC converter and using a new DC side control strategy it is possible to
reach both fast and efficient DC power sharing between the two ESSs and
the RES, and at the same time improve the AC side power quality.
 The main contribution of this lays in the DC power flow controller which
allows HESS power flow control and DC current harmonics suppression.
The new model for 4-Leg 3L-NPC structural limits proposed is assesed.
 The effectiveness of the proposed system has been tested through
simulations and experimental tests using a laboratory prototype.
Block Diagram
 The ESSs and 4-Leg 3L -NPC inverter are modelled. The design and tuning
process of a Second Order Sliding Mode Controller (2-SMC) and a PI
classical scheme are developed for the DC power flow control.

 The AC side control which allows working in unbalance load conditions is

also exposed in this section. Simulations and experiments are aimed to
prove the effectiveness of the topology and the ability of the 2-SMC to
control the HESS
RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
 A sun fuelled cell or photovoltaic cell is a device that adherents daylight
based imperativeness into control by the photovoltaic effect. A portion of
the time the term sun fuelled cell is held for devices anticipated that
especially would get essentialness from sunlight, while the term
photovoltaic cell is used when the source is unspecified. Social affairs of
cells are used to make sun situated board, daylight based modules, or
photovoltaic shows.

 Photovoltaic is the field of development and research related to the

utilization of sun fuelled cells for sun based essentialness. Sun situated cell
efficiencies vary from 6% for vague silicon-based sun arranged cells to
40.7% with various crossing point research lab cells and 42.8% with
different kicks the pail amassed into a cream package.
 DC-AC CONVERTERS
 A DC-DC Converter with a high step-up voltage gain is utilized for several
applications such as high-intensity discharge light ballasts for Automobile
headlamps, Fuel Cell Energy Conversion systems, Solar Cell Energy
Conversion systems as well as Battery back-up systems for Uninterruptible
Power Supplies.
 In theory, a DC-DC Boost Converter could accomplish a high step-up
voltage gain with a very high obligation proportion. Nonetheless, in
method, the step-up voltage gain is restricted as a result of the result of
power buttons, rectifier diodes as well as the equal collection resistance of
inductors and also capacitors.
Model diagram
MATLAB SIMULATIONS
Controller circuit
Triggering pulses
Current variation
Voltage
VOLTAGE AND CURRENTS
ACROSS THE PHASE A
Phase B
Phase C
3 phase voltages
 ADVANTAGES
The use of the 4-Leg 3L-NPC topology when associated with an adapted control strategy in
a microgrid context presents itself as a promising solution due to its ability to combine the
following characteristics:

• Increase the efficiency of RES and HESS integration to the microgrid through a unique
power electronics interface acting as an active power compensator able to smooth the
RES by acting on the HESS.

 Reduce AC side current harmonics (for the same switching frequency and AC filter
components when compared to a 2 level inverter).

 Reduce HESS current harmonics caused by the floating middle point inherent to the
NPC topology and move the ripples involved by unbalanced AC loads to the high
specific power ESS.

 Compensation of AC side micro grid disturbances produced by unbalanced/nonlinear

loads thanks to the fourth leg.
 CONCLUSION
 The 4-Leg 3 L-NPC power converter geography to user interface a RES
with a HESS (created by a VRB as well as a Li-Ion battery) in a micro grid
context has actually been explored. A brand-new version of the architectural
restrictions exists and also carried out to manipulate the whole ability of the
4-Leg 3L-NPC converter to guarantee an optimal power department in
between both ESS. A non-linear 2-SMC system has actually been created
and also tuned to regulate the no series shot in the modulating signals in
order to manage the power circulation of the HESS.